scholarly journals In search of a "new" Sovietology, new Post-Sovietology or Central Asian Studies…

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-85
Author(s):  
Zarema Shaimardanova
Keyword(s):  
World Order ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
The Political ◽  
Asian Studies ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
The World ◽  
Cultural Processes ◽  
Independent States ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
New Independent States

The Euro-American, Kazakh and Russian studies naturally raised and are still raising the question of the future Sovietology, Post-Sovietology and even Post-Post- Sovietology caused by the USSR collapse and understanding the need to rethink the theoretical and methodological foundations to study the New Independent States / CIS as a whole and in the Central Asian region, in particular. Sovietology could not adequately reflect the changed reality. The author demonstrates the consistency and inconsistency of sovietology concerning the question about Kazakhstan history, as colonization, russification, sovietization and etc. The socio-economic development of independent Kazakhstan evaluated by foreign researchers was taken as an example in order to show traits of Sovietology inherited earlier. Guided by the inequality of the world order and sovietology experience, the objective and impartial theoretical and methodological basis to study CIS space is required. Otherwise, methodological inconsistency of Sovietology and PostSovietology in explanation and understanding of the political and socio-cultural processes in the territory of CIS will be a natural phenomenon. The "special way" of study, neoinstitutional approach, historical, comparative and pluralist approaches are offered on the basis of international scholars' analysis.

scholarly journals OSCE MINSK GROUP AND THE WAYS TO RESOLVE THE UPPER -KARABAKH PROBLEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (7(76)) ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Gunel Aliyeva-Mammadova
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
World Order ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
The Political ◽  
New World Order ◽  
Special Place ◽  
Independent States ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
New Independent States ◽  
Post Soviet Space

In the 90th years XX century conditions of the new world order, after the collapse of the USSR, the formation of new independent states in the post-Soviet space, conflicts appeared (the Ossetia-Ingush conflict, the Chechen war, the Upper-Karabakh war, etc.), which negatively affected the political and economic situation of these countries. Among these conflicts, on its scale, the Armenian-Azerbaijani conflict occupies a special place, is not only regional; it can turn into a world conflict at any moment and therefore is explosive.

Looking back from somewhere: reflections on what remains ‘critical’ in critical theory

2007 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. 25-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRIEDRICH KRATOCHWIL
Keyword(s):  
Critical Theory ◽  
World Order ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
The World ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
Looking Back ◽  
Blind Spots

ABSTRACTThis article revisits some of the theoretical debates within the field of IR since Ashley and Cox challenged the mainstream. But in so doing it attempts also to show that the proposed alternatives have their own blind spots that are subjected in the second part to discursive criticism. Neither Ashley’s celebration of the wisdom of old realists nor their ‘silence’ on economics, nor the notion of ‘internationalisation of the state’ and of the world order are adequate for understanding politics in the era of globalisation. Instead, a critical theory has to examine the political projects that were engendered by the Hobbesian conception of order and rationality. Highlighting the disconnect between our present political vocabularies and the actual political practices, I argue that a critical theory has not only to ‘criticise’ existing approaches but has to rethink and re-conceptualise praxis, which is ill served by the analytical tools which are imported to this field from ‘theory’.

scholarly journals Cultural Exchanges between Russia and Turkmenistan: Structure, Dynamics, and Defining Features

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 508
Author(s):  
Ksenia G. Muratshina
Keyword(s):  
Recent Decade ◽  
Soviet Republic ◽  
Asian Studies ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Cultural Exchanges ◽  
Independent States ◽  
The Russian Federation

Cultural exchanges are an essential component of humanitarian interaction between countries and societies, in particular, between political partners and neighboring states whose citizens regularly communicate with each other. This paper discusses cooperation in the area of cultural exchanges between the Russian Federation and one of its Central Asian neighbors the former Soviet republic of Turkmenistan. To date, cultural exchanges and humanitarian cooperation have received very little attention in Central Asian studies, despite the attention paid to Russian-Turkmen economic cooperation and policy aspects. This paper is aimed at illuminating the modes, factors, dynamics, and defining features of the Russia-Turkmenistan cooperation in the area of cultural exchanges over the recent decade. The notions “cultural exchanges”, “humanitarian cooperation”, and “cooperation in the area of cultural exchanges” are explored in Russian-Turkmen diplomatic documents and the legislation of the Commonwealth of Independent States. The author has studied such sources as diplomatic documents, interviews, newsletters of state institutions and non-governmental organizations, and news archives of Russian and Turkmen media.

scholarly journals From goalscorer to politician: The case of Romário and football politics in Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-278
Author(s):  
Mark Doidge ◽  
Bárbara Schausteck de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
The Political ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Electoral Success ◽  
Brazilian Society ◽  
Specific Policy ◽  
Successful Career ◽  
The World ◽  
Cultural Processes ◽  
The City

During his playing days, the Brazilian striker Romário was one of the most famous footballers in the world. He played for three of Brazil’s top clubs in Rio de Janeiro, as well as Barcelona and PSV Eindhoven. He won the World Cup and scored over one-thousand goals throughout his career. After this successful career, Romário entered politics, first as a deputy in the city of Rio and later as a senator in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Romário’s electoral success is not simply down to his footballing ability, nor the popularity of the sport in Brazil. Sports stardom, celebrity and celebrity politicians are also engaging with complex cultural processes. He has traded on his footballing stardom, but he also connects with his electorate through specific policy campaigns that resonate particularly well with his Brazilian voters. More importantly, he uses football and his footballer career as a metaphor for the wider problems facing Brazilian society. Drawing on literature from Sports Stardom, Celebrity and Celebrity Politicians, this paper charts the political career of Romário within the socio-political context of Brazil and argues that celebrity politicians still need to engage with their audiences regardless of their previous careers.

An Anatomy of International Thought

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Martin Wight
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
International Society ◽  
The Political ◽  
International Affairs ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
The World ◽  
Independent States ◽  
International Anarchy ◽  
International Thought

International relations encompass three aspects: international anarchy, with sovereign states recognizing no political superior; routine interactions in diplomatic, legal, and commercial institutions; and moral solidarity, with cultural and psychological links more profound than those of politics and economics. Thinkers who underscore international anarchy regard the idea of international society as fictional. Hobbes, for example, maintains that the only remedy for anarchical competition is to make a contract for a ruler or an assembly to take power and act to ensure security. Grotius and other thinkers who emphasize the extensive informal, legal, and customary interactions in international affairs highlight humanity’s sociability and its potential for constitutionalism and the rule of law. Kant and others anticipate the vindication of humanity’s potential for peace through the deepening of the material and moral interdependence of people around the world. This may come about through uniformity of independent states in standards of virtue and legitimacy or through the political and moral unification of humanity.

Athanasius' ‘Vita Antonii’ as Political Theology: The Call of Heavenly Citizenship

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
SOPHIE CARTWRIGHT
Keyword(s):  
Political Theology ◽  
World Order ◽  
The Political ◽  
Kingdom Of Heaven ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Church ◽  
Fallen World

This article explores the political theology of Athanasius' ‘Life of Antony’. It argues that the work is profoundly concerned with the relationship between the Church and the empire, which it treats as a component of the relationship between the Church and the fallen world order. Athanasius explores this issue through Antony, striving to live as a citizen of heaven within the fallen world. Athanasius sees allegiance to earthly authority as problematising allegiance to the heavenly kingdom, which is bound up with a concern for the Christian's identity: the Christian must understand himself and the world in relation to the kingdom of heaven, rather than the earthly kingdom.

scholarly journals Gulliver at the Crossroads: America’s Strategy During the Global Transition

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-44
Author(s):  
A. P. Tsygankov
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
International System ◽  
World Order ◽  
The United States ◽  
Identity Crisis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Class ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Transition

The article discusses the modern stage of international relations as a transition from the US-centric to another, polycentric world order. America has many opportunities to infl uence the formation of the future world order, which it uses for maintaining a dominant role in the world. However, America also has severe weaknesses for making the global transition; the main one considers the psychological unpreparedness of the country’s establishment for a change in the global role of the United States. The country’s transitional situation gives rise to an identity crisis, accompanied by the most heated debates in the political class regarding the development of foreign policy and strategy. In the variety of positions and narratives of the American strategy, one can distinguish (1) proponents of the liberal globalization and maintaining America’s dominant position, (2) advocates of superpower status and resource dominance by coercion and (3) realists or those who call for building a new global balance of power and coordinating the US interests with other powers. This identity crisis is associated with the globally changing position of the country that has been at the center of the international system for the past 75 years. The American political class was never monolithic before and even during the Cold War, representing a range of diff erent foreign policy ideas and positions. However, foreign policy disagreements previously did not question the national identity and fundamental value of the country. For America, these values were associated with a global role in promoting the ideals of freedom and liberal democracy, previously underpinned by confrontation with the USSR. The disappearance of the Soviet power strengthened the position of liberal globalists and enhanced the strategic narrative of the global promotion of American values. The diff erence of the contemporary period is that nationalists and realists no longer accept the arguments of liberal globalists, resulting in a deepening of ideological polarization in the political class and society. The domestic ideational and political crisis splits the elites, delays the transition to a new world order, and makes it impossible to pursue a sound international strategy. Such a strategy will be the result of both an internal political struggle and a response of the country’s leadership to the processes of pluralization and polycentrism developing in the world.

scholarly journals Two Turkmens: the father and the son awarded high ranks and awards of Russia and Britain respectively in 1881 and 1918

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
M. Soyegov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Historical Event ◽  
The World ◽  
Independent States ◽  
Authentic Data ◽  
New Independent States

By reduction and the comparative analysis of the authentic data the inconsistency of the statement of some authors comes to light and, on the contrary, the Turkmens is supported with new data truthful statements of others concerning Dykma-serdar (1825–1882) and his son Orazserdar (1871–1919?) during the different periods of a management of them armed forces, namely during heroic defence of a fortress of Geok-tepe and years of Civil war. Article is supplied by corresponding conclusions and the conclusion, following of all research in which position that in that interval of time the course of historical development of all mankind was on the party of opponents of our heroes is fixed, awarding the first every possible successes and a general victory. Disorder of Soviet Union in 1991 and occurrence on a historical scene of fifteen new independent states has appeared the ending of this victorious procession (since 1885 already with participation before won). Because of this historical event of the world value has appeared not only necessary conditions but also there was a public requirement for objective estimation of activity of Dykma-serdar and his son Oraz-serdar

scholarly journals The Place of Central Asian Turkic Republics in the Global World

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esra Karapınar
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
National Identities ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
The World ◽  
Independent States ◽  
Global World ◽  
Second World

Globalization process which started at the end of nineteenth century and goes on at the present shows its impacts more in some countries or less in some other countries but this is a process that closes up countries, blots out authorities’ immunities, makes them become transparent, and strengthens socio-cultural, political and especially economic relations. After the terms of being introverted and self-sufficiency between First and Second World Wars, struggles to liberalized world trade have been accelerated since 1960, and good and service flows between countries grew both as a volume and value. As a result of liberalization and deregulation politics which appears since 1980, the capital could move easier on the world. So, how has this process felt its effect on the Central Asian Turkic Republics includes Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan that arised in 1991 after dissociation in the Soviet Union because of clearing and reconstruction policy applied and after facility of establishing its own, independent states by earning their national identities to Turkish elements who lived under the sovereignty of Russians for years is given? The aim of study here is to analyse the effects of that globalization wave in the Turkic Republics which spread out all over the world. For this purpose, first of all changes in the Soviet Union 's policy will be considered and reflections of it on the economical life are to be investigated, and then applications and what the course of actions about integration with the World determined by mentioned republics after dissociation are to be discussed.

scholarly journals INTERNATIONAL SPACE INFORMATION: CONFRONTATIONAL REALITY OR POSSIBILITY OF DIALOGUE?

2018 ◽  
pp. 38-50
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Grubov ◽  
Mykola Sanakuiev
Keyword(s):  
Private Information ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Hybrid Methods ◽  
World Order ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Information Policy ◽  
Information Space ◽  
The Political ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The World

The article is an attempt to find the key problems of political and legal settlement of the international information space through a combination of methodology for its determination and the interests of the leading players interacting on the site of the UN. Tectonics changes that brought the global politics of information considered in the contest birth of a new objective reality and causes that produce it — is the existence of «axial» principles of organization of information being human (D.Bell), the struggle between the «national and international society» and national conflicts security strategies of the leaders of world politics. This policy is based within the familiar concept of «real politic» (G. Morgenthau), which is in first place in international relations was not the principle of law and the principle of power «struggle for power levers» that demonstrated the willingness of the strongest members of the world order to apply hybrid methods of struggle. It is emphasized that this trend raises a number of negative consequences both social and political, legal and humanitarian aspects in the life of individual societies, as entire countries. It has been suggested that the level of severity of the political and legal conflicts in a more equitable manner in the functioning of the information-mesh postoru depend on how consistently the main players in world politics will follow conventions already achieved, and not worry about persecution own benefit and interest. It is emphasized that the language of political practice, this means that democratic slogans proclaimed human rights objective information and privacy began to sink in organized public and private information violence, and it was just part of the language semantics television, texts newspapers and magazines, daily communication. It is proved that a similar situation shows the existence of a conflict between the constant declarations of priority of rights and freedoms and the growth opportunities of interested residents to control the information space «information man». This conflict is present in the information policy of virtually all world leaders. In the context of identified internal contradictions and the increasing severity of humanitarian problems analyzed complex problems of political and legal nature that need to be addressed to the international community both within the political and legal relations that exist in the UN system for information policy and within the established concept of «soft security» (soft power), which now attracted the leading countries of the world.

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