scholarly journals Primary Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis in Children and Correlation with Sleep Disorders in Arak, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Khalajmehri ◽  
Parsa Yousefichaijan ◽  
Masoud Rezagholizamenjany ◽  
Bahman Salehi ◽  
Bahman Sadeghi-Sedeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Primary Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis

Background: Nocturnal enuresis is a symptom defined as enuresis in children over 5 years of age that might have mutual connection to sleep disturbances. This condition might be a stressful factor for children and their families. Objectives: This study aimed to find the correlation between primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (PMNE), as a stressful factor and sleep disorders. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 132 children, including 66 children with nocturnal enuresis as the case group and 66 healthy children as the control group. The two groups were homogenous in age, gender, and other demographic characteristics. The organized sleep disorder questionnaire based on sleep disorder diagnostic criteria (using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision) was used in this study. The correlation between PMNE and sleep disorders was investigated based on the Chi-square test on SPSS software (version 23). Results: The mean scores of the subjects with sleep disorders in the control and case groups were 0.38 ± 0.78 and 2.24 ± 1.73, respectively. Therefore, there were significant differences between the two groups in sleep disorders (P = 0.001). In addition, primary insomnia, hypersomnia, circadian sleep rhythm, and sleep terror disorders in the case group were higher than the control group (P = 0.001). Conclusions: The PMNE has been defined as a risk factor for sleep disorders.

scholarly journals Evaluation of depression and self-esteem in children with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis: A controlled trial

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orhan Koca ◽  
Mehmet Akyüz ◽  
Bilal Karaman ◽  
Zeynep Yesim Özcan ◽  
Metin Öztürk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Age Range

Objectives: Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is very common and is one of the most common causes for patients to be admitted to urology, pediatrics, child psychiatry and child surgery departments. We aimed to investigate the effect on depression and self-esteem of this disorder that can cause problems on person's social development and human relations. Material and methods: 90 patients who were admitted to our clinic with complaints of nocturnal enuresis were enrolled. Investigations to rule out organic causes were performed in this group of patients. Out of them 38 children and adolescents (age range 8-18 years) with primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (PMNE) agreed to participate in the study In the same period 46 healthy children and adolescents with a similar age range without bed wetting complaint were included in the study as a control group. The age of the family, educational and socioeconomic level were questioned and Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale (PHCSCS) and Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) forms were filled out. Results: Mean age of the cases (18 females or 47.4% and 20 males or 52.6%) was 10.76 ± 3.82 years whereas mean age of controls (26 females or 56.5% and 20 males or 43.5%) was 10.89 ± 3.11 years. Depression scale was significantly higher (p = 0.001) in the case group than in the control group (10.42 ± 4.31 vs 7.09 ± 4.35). In both groups there was no statistically significant difference by age and sex in terms of depression scale (p > 0.05). Conclusion: NE is widely seen as in the community and is a source of stresses either for children and for their families. When patients were admitted to physicians for treatment, a multidisciplinary approach should be offered and the necessary psychological support should be provided jointly by child psychiatrists and psychologists.

scholarly journals Abnormal Degree Centrality in the Right Inferior Frontal Gyrus During Urine Holding in Children With Primary Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengxing Wang ◽  
Xiangyu Zheng ◽  
Zhaoxia Qin ◽  
Jun Ma ◽  
Xiaoxia Du
Keyword(s):  
Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Degree Centrality ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Bladder Control ◽  
Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Urine Storage ◽  
The Right ◽  
Primary Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis

Abstract Background: Primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (PMNE) is a common disorder among school-age children. Previous research has suggested that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is essential to maintain urine storage in bladder control. We hypothesized that children with PMNE have functional deficits in several brain regions, especially the PFC, during urine storage. In this work, we investigated 30 children with PMNE and 28 controls in a state of natural urine holding to evaluate dysfunction in the bladder control network by applying degree centrality (DC) analysis methods based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. And seed-based functional connectivity (FC) analysis was used to investigate whether the dysfunctional areas exhibited altered FC with other brain regions.Results: Compared with the typical healthy children, the children with PMNE showed increased DC in the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). Also, the right IFG showed increased connectivity with the left middle and inferior frontal gyri and the right precuneus extending to the cuneus in the children with PMNE.Conclusion: The children with PMNE showed abnormal neural activity during urine storage and exhibited increased DC in the right IFG and increased connectivity with the left PFC and right precuneus during urine storage. These results suggest that compensatory effects may be associated with the right IFG combined with the precuneus and left PFC working together to maintain high vigilance and improve micturition's inhibition function to preserve the state of urine holding in children with PMNE.

Analysis of Different Melatonin Secretion Patterns in Children With Sleep Disorders: Melatonin Secretion Patterns in Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 1000-1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Checa-Ros ◽  
Antonio Muñoz-Hoyos ◽  
Antonio Molina-Carballo ◽  
Antonio Muñoz-Gallego ◽  
Susana Narbona-Galdó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Circadian Variation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Melatonin Secretion ◽  
Circadian Variations ◽  
Production Pattern ◽  
Circadian Patterns

The objective of this study was to analyze circadian patterns of urinary 6-sulphatoxymelatonin (aMT6s) excretion in children with primary sleep disorders in comparison with healthy controls. A total of 124 control children and 124 patients (aged 4-14 years) diagnosed with diverse primary sleep disorders were recruited. aMT6s concentrations were measured in diurnal and nocturnal urine, as well as in 24-hour urine. aMT6s levels were significantly higher and showed significantly more evident circadian variations in the control group ( P < .001). Four different melatonin (aMT) production and excretion patterns were distinguished in the group with sleep disorders: (1) standard aMT production pattern, (2) low aMT production pattern, (3) aMT production pattern with absence of circadian variation, and (4) aMT hyperproduction pattern. This study highlights the importance of analyzing specific alterations of aMT secretion in each sleep disorder and provides evidences to explain why not all children with sleep disturbances do respond to aMT treatment.

scholarly journals Study on neuropathological mechanisms of primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis in children using cerebral resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Zhu ◽  
Yingyu Che ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Zhiming Jia ◽  
Tingxiang Wan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Superior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Difficult Condition ◽  
Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Left Thalamus ◽  
Objective Basis ◽  
Primary Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis

AbstractPrimary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (PMNE) is a heterogeneous disorder, which remains a difficult condition to manage due to lack of knowledge on the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Here we investigated the underlying neuropathological mechanisms of PMNE with functional MRI (fMRI), combining the amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo), and seed-based functional connectivity (seed-based FC) analyses. Compared to the control group, PMNE group showed decreased ALFF value in the left medial orbital superior frontal gyrus (Frontal_Med_Orb_L), and increased ReHo value in the left superior occipital gyrus (Occipital_Sup_L). With left thalamus as the seed, PMNE group showed significantly decreased functional connectivity to the left medial superior frontal gyrus (Frontal_Sup_Medial_L). We conclude that these abnormal brain activities are probably important neuropathological mechanisms of PMNE in children. Furthermore, this study facilitated the understanding of underlying pathogenesis of PMNE and may provide an objective basis for the effective treatment.

HUBUNGAN TUNGAU DEBU RUMAH, PAPARAN ASAP ROKOK DAN RIWAYAT PENYAKIT KELUARGA TERHADAP KEJADIAN ASMA BRONKIAL PADA ANAK USIA 5 – 10 TAHUN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS LEMPAKE KOTA SAMARINDA TAHUN 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sri Evi New Yearsi Pangadongan ◽  
Agustina Rahyu ◽  
Selvy Pasulu
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
History Of ◽  
Weather Changes ◽  
And Gender

Bronchial Asthma generally starts from childhood which is condition where respiration channel experiences constriction because of hyperactivity with some specific stimulation which cause inflammation. Some risk factors are smoking exposure of cigarette smoke, weather changes, mite on house dirt, pet and history of family sickness. The purpose of this research is to know Relation of mite on house dirt, exposure of cigarette smoke  and history of family sickness with bronchial asthma incident to child 5 – 10  years old on working area of Puskesmas Lempake Samarinda City in 2016. Method which used was analytic survey with Case Control approaching. The total sample was 36 children which consisted of 18 case group and 18 control group with matching by using age and gender which submitted with Purposive Sampling technique. Data Analysis used Chi Square with wrong degree α = 0,005. The result showed that there was relation of mite of house dirt (p = 0,006), history of family sickness (p = 0,001) and no relation with exposure of cigarette smoke (p = 0,370) with bronchial asthma incident to child 5 – 10 years old on working area of Puskesmas Lempake Samarinda City in 2016.

Berat Badan, Panjang Badan dan Faktor Genetik sebagai Prediktor Terjadinya Stunted pada Anak Sekolah

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Hetriana Leksananingsih ◽  
Slamet Iskandar ◽  
Tri Siswati
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
School Children ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Riskesdas in 2013 showed that Yogyakarta (DIY) had a prevalence of stunted new kid in school is less than the national average, which is 14.9% (MOH, 2013). Stunted or short, is a linear growth retardation has been widely used as an indicator to measure the nutritional status of individuals and community groups. Stunted can be influenced by several factors: birth weight, birth length match and genetic factors. Objective: To determine the weight, length of low birth weight and genetic factors as predictors of the occurrence of stunted on elementary school children. Methods: The study was a case control analytic. Research sites in SD Muhammadiyah Ngijon 1 Subdistrict Moyudan. The study was conducted in May and June 2015. The subjects were school children grade 1 to grade 5 the number of cases as many as 47 children and 94 control children. With the inclusion criteria of research subjects willing to become respondents, was present at the time of the study, they have a father and mother, and exclusion criteria have no data BB and PB birth, can not stand upright. The research variables are BBL, PBL, genetic factors and TB / U at this time. Data were analyzed by chi-square test and Odd Ratio (OR) calculation. Results: In case group as much as 91.5% of normal birth weight and length of 80.9% of normal birth weight, most of the height of a normal mother and father as many as 85.1%. In the control group as much as 78.7% of normal birth weight and 61.7% were born normal body length, height mostly normal mom and dad that 96.7% of women and 90.4% normal normal father. Statistical test result is no significant correlation between height mothers with stunted incidence in school children, and the results of chi-square test P = 0.026 with value Odd Ratio (OR) of 3.9 and a range of values from 1.091 to 14.214 Cl95%. Conclusion: High maternal body of mothers can be used as predictors of the occurrence of stunted school children and mothers with stunted nutritional status have 3.9 times the risk of having children with stunted nutritional status.

scholarly journals Relationship of Hydroxychloroquine and Ophthalmic Complications in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8154
Author(s):  
Hung-Chih Chen ◽  
Hung-Yu Lin ◽  
Michael Chia-Yen Chou ◽  
Yu-Hsun Wang ◽  
Pui-Ying Leong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Increased Risk

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) via the national health insurance research database (NHIRD) of Taiwan. All patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (n = 47,353) in the NHIRD (2000–2012) were enrolled in the study. The case group consists of participants with diabetic ophthalmic complications; 1:1 matching by age (±1 year old), sex, and diagnosis year of diabetes was used to provide an index date for the control group that corresponded to the case group (n = 5550). Chi-square test for categorical variables and Student’s t-test for continuous variables were used. Conditional logistic regression was performed to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of DR. The total number of HCQ user was 99 patients (1.8%) in the case group and 93 patients (1.7%) in the control group. Patients with hypertension (aOR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.11–1.31) and hyperlipidemia (aOR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.52–1.79) significantly increased the risk of diabetic ophthalmic complications (p < 0.001). Conversely, the use of HCQ and the presence of rheumatoid diseases did not show any significance in increased risk of DR. HCQ prescription can improve systemic glycemic profile, but it does not decrease the risk of diabetic ophthalmic complications.

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