Trend of Incidence Rate of Suicide and Associated Factors in 2011 - 2015 in Zarand, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Behnaz Aflatoonian ◽  
Mohammad Reza Aflatoonian ◽  
Habibalah Khanjari ◽  
Reza Mirzahosini Zarandi ◽  
Parisa Divsalar
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Middle School Education ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Government Data

Background: The study of suicide and identification of mental health problems, social, cultural, and environmental communities are effective for preventive measures and reducing risk factors. Objectives: This study aimed to study the epidemiology of suicide and its associated factors over 2011 - 2015 in Zarand. Methods: In this observational-epidemiological study (cohort study), all people who committed suicide in 2011 - 2015 were recorded on a standardized questionnaire, and demographic data of Zarand were collected by the health center and government. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and logistic regression analysis. Results: During 2011 - 2015, 2,401 persons (372 at one hundred thousand) committed suicide, of whom 33 cases (5.1 at one hundred thousand) died. Chi-square and logistic regression information showed suicide attempt rate in people with middle school education was 15.7 times greater than less or more educated ones; similar results showed the rate of suicide of the people in the age group 15-29 was 6.3 times higher than other age groups, retired, and unemployed 3.1 times more than employed and finally, urban living had suicide attempt rate of 1.6 times higher than rural living. Conclusions: In Zarand, the incidence of suicide is much higher than the global, country, and province average (more than three to four times), and leading to death was much less than expected. However, there are significant differences in the cause and manner and demographic characteristics with other studies, which require the creation of Suicide Registry Center (SRC) and qualitative studies with form layer analysis of causes in Zarand.

scholarly journals Predictive Value of Technical Throwing Skills on Nomination Status in Youth and Long-Term Career Attainment in Handball

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Till Koopmann ◽  
Franziska Lath ◽  
Dirk Büsch ◽  
Jörg Schorer
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
National Level ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Career Attainment ◽  
Future Performance ◽  
Younger Age

Abstract Background Research on talent in sports aims to identify predictors of future performance. This study retrospectively investigated 1) relationships between young handball field players’ technical throwing skills and (a) their potential nomination to youth national teams and (b) their long-term career attainment 10 years later, and 2) associations between nomination status and career attainment. Results Results from retrospectively predicting nomination status and career attainment using logistic regression analyses show that technical throwing skills were partly able to explain players’ nomination status (Nagelkerke R2: females 9.2%, males 13.1%) and career attainment (Nagelkerke R2: 9.8% for female players). Here, variables throwing velocity and time on exercise showed statistically significant effects. In addition, nomination status and career attainment were shown to be associated using chi-square tests (w of .37 and .23 for female and male players, respectively) and nomination status as a predictor increased the prediction of career attainment remarkably (Nagelkerke R2: females 20.3%, males 12.7%). Conclusions Given these results, basic technical throwing skills may serve rather as a prerequisite in this age group on national level, emphasizing its importance already on lower levels and in younger age groups. Furthermore, advantages from entering the national TID system early especially for females are discussed.

scholarly journals Indicadores de variabilidade glicêmica e mortalidade em pacientes críticos com terapia nutricional

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-360
Author(s):  
Josiane Monteiro Almeida ◽  
Lucas Lima de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Glycemic Variability ◽  
Nutrition Therapy ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Enteral Diet

Introduction: Glycemic variability (GV) has been associated with mortality in critically ill patients. Several methods have been used to measure it, but no guideline has so far proposed a gold standard. The aim of this study was to associate different GV measurement methods with mortality in patients in an intensive care unit (ICU) under nutrition therapy (NT). Methods: Retrospective longitudinal study conducted between April and September 2018, in which 82 patients were enrolled in intensive care, with more than 48 hours of hospitalization and using NT. Demographic data, clinical data and all blood glucose values measured during hospitalization were collected. The GV was evaluated through three indicators: standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV) and glycemic mean (MGL). Statistical analysis was performed using Whitney and Pearson Chi-square tests, univariate and multiple logistic regression, and odds ratio. The analyzes were processed and evaluated using the Statistical Data Analysis software version 12.0. Results: 11,676 blood glucose levels were measured. Most of the sample received enteral diet. Mortality was 42.7%. A total of 36.58% of the patients had a previous diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM) and these presented higher values for all evaluated parameters of VG compared to non-diabetics. CV, SD and MGL values were higher among the patients who died. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that the variables CV, SD and MGL were significantly associated with mortality. However, based on the multivariate logistic regression model, only PD maintained a relationship with mortality. Conclusion: The SD is an indicator of GV is independently associated with increased mortality in a cohort of heterogeneous patients on TN in the ICU.

scholarly journals The prevalence of olfactory dysfunction and its associated factors in patients with COVID-19 infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Mehedi Hasan ◽  
Naima Ahmed Tamanna ◽  
Mohammad Nasimul Jamal ◽  
Md Jamal Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
Regular Screening ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Observational Cohort

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of olfactory dysfunctions, mainly, anosmia and to identify its associated factors in patients with COVID-19 infection.Study designA hospital-based prospective observational cohort studySettingA COVID dedicated hospital, Square Hospitals Ltd., Dhaka, Bangladesh.MethodsWe collected patients’ information including laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 test results. We used Pearson Chi-square test and logistic regression model to assess the associations between demographic and clinical characteristics and olfactory outcomes.ResultsOut of 600 COVID-19 positive patients, 38.7% were diagnosed with olfactory dysfunction. Our analyses showed that patients’ age, smoking status, cough, dyspnea, sore throat, asthenia, and nausea or vomiting were significantly associated with the anosmia. We observed the risk of developing anosmia was greater in younger patients than in older patients, and this risk decreased as age increased [odds ratio (OR) range for different age groups: 1.26 to 1.08]. Smoking patients were 1.73 times more likely to experience anosmia than non-smoking patients [OR=1.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.01-2.98]. In addition, patients complained asthenia had a significantly double risk of developing the anosmia [OR = 1.96, CI = 1.23-3.06].ConclusionsOur study shows that about 39% of patients diagnosed with olfactory dysfunction. Patients’ age, smoking status, and asthenia are significantly positively associated with the anosmia. Since anosmia can be a significant marker for the diagnosis of COVID-19, we suggest regular screening of olfactory dysfunction in patients with early symptoms of COVID-19, particularly younger patients, smoker, and complained asthenia.

Investigate the Effect of Diabetes on Hypertension based on Bangladesh Demography and Health Survey, 2017-18

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Merajul Islam ◽  
Md. Jahanur Rahman ◽  
Most. Tawabunnahar ◽  
Md. Menhazul Abedin ◽  
Md. Maniruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Chi Square

Abstract Background and objectives: Hypertension is a major public health problem with raising its prevalence and effect among adults overtime worldwide, especially in Bangladesh. The aim is to investigate the effect of diabetes on hypertension.Materials and methods: The dataset used in this study was extracted from Bangladesh Demographic Health Survey, 2017-18 having a total of 6,965 (male: 3,376 and female: 3,589) adults whose ages were B35 years. Bivariate analysis along with Pearson’s chi-square test was executed to observe the association between different selected factors and hypertension. Additionally, binary logistic regression was employed to investigate the effect of diabetes on hypertension based on adjusted odds ratio (AOR) along with p-value in Bangladesh.Results: The results of the study revealed that average age of the participants was 51.04a12.731 and a total of 34.7 percent participants were identified as hypertension. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that diabetic patients were 1.280 times (95% CI of AOR: 1.107-1.479; p-value=0.001) higher risk of hypertension compared to non-diabetic. Furthermore, our finding’s also showed that diabetic patient who was 35–49 years age, 1.462 times (95% CI of AOR: 1.182-1.807; p-value=0.000) higher risk of hypertension compared to age groups ≥50 years.Conclusions: Based on the results, this study claimed that people with diabetes was significantly associated with hypertension. This study suggested greater attention of government and policymakers to make appropriate strategies to reduce hypertension as well as associated risk in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Factors associated with and prevalence of depressive features amongst older adults in an urban city in eastern China

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Shao ◽  
Yong Xu ◽  
Chen-Wei Pan
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Urban City

Background: Mental health problems have become serious for older Chinese adults who have lived through the process of urbanisation. This current research aimed to determine the prevalence of and associated factors for depressive features in a community-based sample of older adults in China.Methods: A community-based survey of 4077 adults aged 60 or older was conducted in Suzhou, China. Information including demographic characteristics, health behaviours, social support, disease histories and physical function was collected using a pre-designed questionnaire. Depressive features were assessed using the self-rating depression scale. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify associated factors for depression.Results: The overall prevalence of depressive features in the surveyed population was 47.4% (45.9% in men and 48.5% in women). In a multiple logistic regression analysis, the significant variables of depressive features were no fixed occupation (odds ratio [OR] = 0.28; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.21–0.37), doing non-technical and service work (OR = 0.23; 95% CI: 0.19–0.28) or being a manager and technical personnel (OR = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.19–0.32), physical activities (OR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.61–0.82), never taking dietary supplements (OR = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.58–0.91), not having hobbies (OR = 1.34; 95% CI: 1.15–1.56), never interacting with neighbours (OR = 1.79; 95% CI: 1.28–2.50), cold relationship with a spouse (OR = 3.34; 95% CI: 1.18–9.45) and limited activities of daily living (OR = 2.27; 95% CI: 1.91–2.69).Conclusion: There is an urgent need for public policy interventions to address depression in elderly people located in Suzhou in China.

Pulp Calcification in Traumatized Primary Teeth: Prevalence and Associated Factors

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
ACV Mello-Moura ◽  
GAVC Bonini ◽  
CGDC Zardetto ◽  
CRMD Rodrigues ◽  
MT Wanderley
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Dental Tissue ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
Clinical Center ◽  
Pulp Calcification

Aim: To establish the prevalence of pulp calcifications in 946 patients at the Research and Clinical Center of Dental Trauma in Primary Teeth. Study Design: The clinical and radiographic records of 1,675 traumatized primary teeth were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square and univariate logistic regression. Results: 197 (20.8%) patients showed pulp calcification (PC). A total of 250 (14.9%)calcified teeth were observed. In most teeth, PC appeared within the first 12 months following trauma. PC prevalence was higher in cases of repeated trauma (29.6%) than in single trauma (16.4%), p <0.05, with a 2.14 chance of showing pulp calcification when a child suffered recurrent trauma. Most teeth showing calcified pulp, suffered trauma to the supportive tissue (67.4%), being statistically significant in relation to the trauma to dental tissue (p <0.05). Conclusion: PC is a sequelae in cases of trauma to the primary dentition;teeth that suffered recurrent traumatic injuries show higher risk of presenting.

scholarly journals 4332 Septic Shock Epidemiology and Sociodemographic Predictors of Mortality: Results from One Florida Data Trust Cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (s1) ◽  
pp. 36-37
Author(s):  
Lauren Page Black ◽  
Charlotte Hopson ◽  
Elizabeth DeVos ◽  
Rosemarie Fernandez ◽  
Faheem Guirgis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Skilled Nursing Facility ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Data Repository ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Predictors Of Mortality ◽  
White Patients

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Septic shock is a lethal condition. Research suggests that overall sepsis mortality varies by race, but less is known about demographic differences in septic shock mortality. Our objectives were to describe the septic shock population using a large, state-wide data repository and identify demographic predictors of septic shock mortality. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: This was a retrospective review of patients with septic shock in the One Florida Data Trust from 2012-2018. Patients were classified as having septic shock if they received vasopressors and had either 1) an ICD-9 or 10 code for septic shock or 2) an ICD-9 or 10 code for infection and an ICD-9 or 10 code for organ dysfunction. Demographic data and place of residence prior to admission was collected. The primary outcome was 90 day mortality. T-test and chi-square tests were used to test association of individual predictors and mortality. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify predictors of mortality after adjustment for other variables. Level of significance was set at 0.05. SAS v9.4 (Cary, NC) was used for analyses. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: There were 11,790 patients with septic shock. The mean(SD) age was 61(16) years. With regard to race/ethnicity 66% identified as white, 27% as black, 3.7% as Hispanic, and 3.5% as other races (non-white, non-black, non-Hispanic). Most came from home (57%). Overall, 39% died. Mortality varied by race (p<0.01): white 39%, black 39%, Hispanic 31%, other races 51%. In the logistic regression model, age, race, and residence were significant predictors of mortality, after adjustment for other variables. Each additional year of age had a 2.7% increased odds of mortality (OR 1.03; 95% CI 1.02-1.03; p<0.01). Compared to white patients, odds of death were 1.6 times higher for other races (95% CI 1.3-2.0; p <0.01) and non-significantly higher for black patients (OR 1.1; 95% CI 1.0-1.2; p = 0.05). Compared to those from home, odds of death were highest for those from a skilled nursing facility (OR 1.5; p<0.01). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Patients who identified as other races had increased mortality from septic shock compared to white patients after adjusting for other variables. Septic shock mortality also increased with age and varied by residence. Further analyses are needed to examine racial disparities and control for comorbidities, severity of illness, and aspects of resuscitation. CONFLICT OF INTEREST DESCRIPTION: The authors report no conflicts of interest, except for Dr. Fernandez, who reports personal payment from Physio-Control, Inc. for speaker fees.

scholarly journals Depressive Symptoms among Haramaya University Students in Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mitiku Teshome Hambisa ◽  
Andualem Derese ◽  
Tilahun Abdeta
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
University Students ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background. The prevalence of mental health problems including depression is increasing in severity and number among higher institution students, and it has a lot of negative consequences like poor academic performance and committing suicide. Identifying the prevalence and associated factors of mental illness among higher institution students is important in order to administer appropriate preventions and interventions. In Ethiopia, only a few studies tried to report associated factors of depression among university students. Objective. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with depressive symptoms among Haramaya University students, Ethiopia. Methods. Institution-based, cross-sectional study design was conducted among 1040 students. A standard, self-administered questionnaire was used to get data from a sample of randomly selected 1040 undergraduate university students using a multistage systematic random sampling technique. The questionnaire used was the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scale which is a self-report 21-item scale that is used to assess the presence of depressive symptoms. All 21 items are rated on a three-point scale (0 to 3). Each question is scored on a 0 to 3 scale, and total scores range from 0 to 63, with higher scores reflecting greater levels of depressive symptoms. The questionnaire has been well validated as a measure of depressive symptomatology with scores 1-13 indicating minimal depressive symptoms, 14-19 showing mild depressive symptoms, 20-28 showing moderate depressive symptoms, and 29-63 indicating severe depressive symptoms. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify variables independently associated with depressive symptoms after we dichotomized the depressive symptoms screening tool to “yes/no” depressive symptoms. This means students who did not report any depressive symptoms were given “no” depressive symptoms and who reported at least one (≥1) depressive symptoms were given “yes” (depressive symptoms). Results. A total of 1022 (98.3%) out of 1040 students participated in this study. The mean age of participants was 20.9 years (SD±2.17), and the majority of them (76.0%) were male students. Prevalence of depressive symptoms among undergraduate students was 26.8% (95% CI: 24.84, 28.76). Among those who had reported depressive symptoms: 10%, 12%, 4%, and 1% of students reported minimal, mild, moderate, and severe depressive symptoms, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis in the final model revealed that being a first-year student (AOR 6.99, 95% CI: 2.31, 21.15, p value < 0.001), being a second-year student (AOR 6.25, 95% CI: 2.05, 19.07, p value < 0.001), and being a third-year student (AOR 3.85, 95% CI: 1.26, 11.78, p value < 0.018) and being divorced/widowed (AOR 5.91, 95% CI: 1.31, 26.72, p value < 0.021), current drinking alcohol (AOR 2.53, 95% CI: 1.72,3.72, p value < 0.001), current smoking cigarettes (AOR 1.71, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.86, p value < 0.042), and current use of illicit substances (AOR 2.20, 95% CI: 1.26, 3.85, p value < 0.006) were independently associated with depressive symptoms. Having no religion and currently chewing Khat were statistically significantly associated with depressive symptoms in the binary logistic regression analysis but not in the final model. Conclusions. The prevalence of depressive symptoms among university students in this study is high relative to the general population. Sociodemographic factors year of study and current substance use were identified as associated factors of depressive symptoms. Recommendations. This finding suggests the need for the provision of mental health services at the university, including screening, counseling, and effective treatment. Families need to closely follow their students’ health status by having good communication with the universities, and they have to play their great role in preventing depression and providing appropriate treatment as needed. The governments and policy-makers should stand with universities by supporting and establishing matured policies which helps universities to have mental health service centers. Generally, the university and other stakeholders should consider these identified associated factors for prevention and control of mental health problems of university students.

scholarly journals Suicide attempts and substance use in an emergency room sample

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Diehl ◽  
Ronaldo Laranjeira
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Emergency Room ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Psychiatric Interview

OBJECTIVE: Describe suicide attempts assisted in an emergency room (ER) and acute substance consumption or dependence on these individuals. METHODS: Descriptive epidemiologic study was carried out during one year, evaluating suicide attempts assisted at Embu das Artes ER, São Paulo, Brazil. Patients were scheduled to a non structured psychiatric interview. Main outcomes measures were: socio demographic data, suicide attempt method, drugs or alcohol acute use in the six hours prior to attempt, patients with ICD-10 substance dependence diagnosis. The descriptive analyses and chi-square test (p < 0.05) were used to verify associations between the variables studied. RESULTS: sample was formed of 80 patients, mean age of 26.9 years (SD = 8.91), predominantly female (72.5%) and 21.2% adolescents. Most suicide attempts were made through medicine ingestion (62.5%). Approximately 21.2% and 7.5% related to have used alcohol and an illicit drug respectively within 6 hours prior to attempt and 10% were found to be substance dependent. All substance dependents had attempted suicide previously (p-value = 0.4). There was a significant association between suicide attempt through medicine ingestion and psychiatric treatment history (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: More national studies are necessary to consider the role of alcohol and drug in suicide attempts assisted in ER, especially in chemical dependents whose suicidal behavior is relevant.

scholarly journals Perception and expectation. What do patients really want from the dental treatment?

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-248
Author(s):  
Adriana Cristina ZAVANELLI ◽  
Mariana Vilela SÔNEGO ◽  
Ricardo Alexandre ZAVANELLI ◽  
José Vitor Quinelli MAZARO ◽  
Rosse Mary FALCÓN-ANTENUCCI
Keyword(s):  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Tooth Whitening ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Dental Esthetics ◽  
Dental Aesthetics ◽  
The Face ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Dental Appearance

ABSTRACT Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the subjective aspects related to the perception of dental appearance and expectations of patients who receive dental treatment in graduation clinics of the Araçatuba Dental School. Methods It was evaluated 362 patients of both gender aged over 18. The questionnaire included questions of demographic data, questions to assess facial and dental aesthetics, dental satisfaction and treatments considering patients notion to improve dental esthetics. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics and the chi-square test. Results The factor teeth for facial analysis and factor positioning in the arch for smile analysis were considered the most important subjects regarding the esthetic according to the respondents. 67.5% of patients were dissatisfied with the appearance of their teeth, and dissatisfaction with the color was the most important factor (66.8%). The treatment most desired was tooth whitening and 85.0% of patients said yes to it. Conclusion Respondents place great value on the teeth on the face appearance, and it can be seen that aesthetic treatments are highly valued in all age groups. There is a need for treatments to restore the function, but treatments to improve dental appearance were the most requested.

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