scholarly journals Standard Setting Organisations for the IoT: How To Ensure a Better Degree of Liability?

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-174
Author(s):  
Francesca Gennari
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Standard Setting ◽  
The Self ◽  
Electronics Manufacturing ◽  
Complex Objects ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Standard Essential Patents ◽  
Mandatory Rules ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Voluntary Basis

This early stage research article aims to outline an issue that, though not strictly connected to the cyber-sphere, is most likely going to affect it. Standard Setting/Developing Organisations (SSOs/SDOs) are getting more and more important in the electronics manufacturing field and also in the IP field by setting de facto mandatory rules for products to be safer but, most importantly, more efficient. Standards create trust in complex objects such as IoT devices, that are increasingly more available, especially the ones for the house. It is worth mentioning that the standards these organisations envision are not comparable to legislation but carry a significant ‘moral’ weight (soft law). However, these organisations are private in character and work on a voluntary basis. The problem lies in the creation of the standard when the essentiality of a patented innovation has to be assessed. These processes rely on the self-certification of businesses that their invention is truly essential to the development of a certain standard, which has led to a proliferation of new Standard Essential Patents (S.E.P.s). But in this case, there are no means to ensure some form of liability of these organisations when defects and shortcomings arise. It is argued that unless some form of liability is created for these organisations, IoT objects will never gain the trust of final users.

Identifying Ethics: Dysfunction as Representation of Societal Relationship in Ian McEwans’s Sweet Tooth

Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
A. Yacob ◽  
S. Veeramani
Keyword(s):  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ethical Code ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Ian Mcewan

In the novel, Sweet Tooth, McEwan has employed an ethical code of conduct called, Dysfunction of Relationship. The analysis shows that he tries to convey something extraordinary to the readers. If it is not even the reader to understand such a typical thing, He himself represents a new ethical code of conduct. The character of the novel, Serena is almost a person who is tuned to such a distinct one. It is clear that the character of this type is purely representational. Understanding reality based on situation and ethics has been a new field of study in terms of Post- Theory. Intervening to such aspect of Interpretation, this research article establishes a new study in the writings of Ian McEwan. In the novel, Dysfunction is not on the ‘Self’ but it is on the ‘Other’. The author tries to integrate the function of the Character Serena, instead of fragmenting the self. Hence, Fragmentation makes sense only in the dysfunction of relationship.

Illness Identity and the Self-regulatory Model in Recovery from Early Stage Gynaecological Cancer

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 511-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Bradley ◽  
E. Calvert ◽  
M. K. Pitts ◽  
C. W. E. Redman
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
The Self ◽  
Gynaecological Cancer ◽  
Illness Identity ◽  
Regulatory Model

APPLICATION OF A SPECIAL TAX REGIME FOR SELFEMPLOYED CITIZENS ON THE TERRITORY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION. PROFESSIONAL INCOME TAX

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
V. B. DZOBELOVA ◽  
◽  
A. E. SALAMOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
The Self ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Tax Base ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Research Article ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation

The relevance of the topic is largely due to the development of the country's tax base and the expansion of the geography of the special tax regime of the NAP. The main aspects of the functioning described in the work help to assess the advantages and disadvantages of the tax for self-employed persons. The purpose of the study is to reflect the trend in the development of a special tax regime for self-employed citizens in the Russian Federation. In connection with the purpose of the study, the following tasks were solved: to reveal the essence of the “self-employed population”, to characterize the main provisions of the special tax regime of the NAP, to consider the statistics of the number of self-employed persons in the Russian Federation, to identify the specifics of the tax regime for the self-employed population. The subject of the research is the special tax regime "Tax on professional income". The object of the research is the regulatory framework, as well as statistical data submitted by individuals to the Federal Tax Service on the implementation of activities to provide services to other individuals for personal, household and (or) other needs.As part of this research article explores the concept of "self-employed" citizens and trends in the use of special tax regime for the self-employed population in Russia according to the Federal Law from 27.11.2018 No. 422 «On the experiment of establishing a special tax regime "Tax on professional income"». The positive and negative aspects of the functioning of the tax regime are identified and the dynamics of the implementation of the law is studied.

scholarly journals All-Printed Human Activity Monitoring and Energy Harvesting Device for Internet of Thing Applications

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawkat Ali ◽  
Saleem Khan ◽  
Amine Bermak
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Activity Monitoring ◽  
The Self ◽  
Smart Device ◽  
Bridge Rectifier ◽  
Self Powered ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Human Activity Detection

A self-powered device for human activity monitoring and energy harvesting for Internet of Things (IoT) devices is proposed. The self-powered device utilizes flexible Nano-generators (NGs), flexible diodes and off-the-shelf capacitors. During footsteps the NGs generate an AC voltage then it is converted into DC using rectifiers and the DC power is stored in a capacitor for powering the IoT devices. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and zinc stannate (ZnSnO3) composite is utilized for the NG active layer, indium tin oxide (ITO) and aluminum (Al) are used as the bottom and top electrodes, respectively. Four diodes are fabricated on the bottom electrode of the NG and connected in bridge rectifier configuration. A generated voltage of 18 Vpeak was achieved with a human footstep. The self-powered smart device also showed excellent robustness and stable energy scavenger from human footsteps. As an application we demonstrate human activity detection and energy harvesting for IoT devices.

scholarly journals Effects of GnRH immunization on the reproductive axis and thymulin

2015 ◽  
Vol 226 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiping Su ◽  
Xiaoxia Sun ◽  
Xiuhong Zhou ◽  
Fuigui Fang ◽  
Yunsheng Li
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Feedback Regulation ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
The Self ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Hpg Axis ◽  
Bidirectional Regulation ◽  
Repressive Effect

The bidirectional regulation of thymulin in the reproductive-endocrine function of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis of rats immunized againstGnRHremains largely unclear. We explored the alterations in hormones in the HPG axis in immunized rats to dissect the repressive effect of immunization on thymulin, and to clarify the interrelation of reproductive hormones and thymulinin vivo. The results showed that, in the first 2 weeks of booster immunization, thymulin was repressed when reproductive hormones were severely reduced. The self-feedback regulation of thymulin was then stimulated in later immune stages: the rising circulating thymulin upregulated LH and FSH, including GnRH in the hypothalamus, although the levels of those hormones were still significantly lower than in the control groups. In astrocytes, thymulin produced a feedback effect in regulated GnRH neurons. However, in the arcuate nucleus (Arc) and the median eminence (ME), the mediator of astrocytes and other glial cells were also directly affected by reproductive hormones. Thus, in immunized rats, the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein was distinctly stimulated in the Arc and ME. This study demonstrated that thymulin was downregulated by immunization againstGnRHin early stage. Subsequently, the self-feedback regulation was provoked by low circulating thymulin. Thereafter, rising thymulin levels promoted pituitary gonadotropins levels, while acting directly onGnRHneurons, which was mediated by astrocytes in a region-dependent manner in the hypothalamus.

Monitoring the Early Stage Self-Assembly of Enzyme-Assisted Peptide Hydrogels

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Williams ◽  
James Gardiner ◽  
Anders B. Sorensen ◽  
Silvia Marchesan ◽  
Roger J. Mulder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
1H Nmr ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
The Self ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Subsequent Formation ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Hydrogel Formation ◽  
Assembly Kinetics ◽  
Peptide Hydrogels

The early stages of the self-assembly of peptide hydrogels largely determine their final material properties. Here we discuss experimental methodologies for monitoring the self-assembly kinetics which underpin peptide hydrogel formation. The early stage assembly of an enzyme-catalysed Fmoc-trileucine based self-assembled hydrogel was examined using spectroscopic techniques (circular dichroism, CD, and solution NMR) as well as chromatographic (HPLC) and mechanical (rheology) techniques. Optimal conditions for enzyme-assisted hydrogel formation were identified and the kinetics examined. A lag time associated with the formation and accumulation of the self-assembling peptide monomer was observed and a minimum hydrogelator concentration required for gelation was identified. Subsequent formation of well defined nano- and microscale structures lead to self-supporting hydrogels at a range of substrate and enzyme concentrations. 1H NMR monitoring of the early self-assembly process revealed trends that were well in agreement with those identified using traditional methods (i.e. HPLC, CD, rheology) demonstrating 1H NMR spectroscopy can be used to non-invasively monitor the self-assembly of peptide hydrogels without damaging or perturbing the system.

scholarly journals Philosophical pedagogy as critics and self- critics: german experience

Osvitolohiya ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Maria Kultayeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Culture ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
The State ◽  
The Self ◽  
Modern Education ◽  
Education Theory ◽  
The Guardian ◽  
Research Show

In the article are regarded some evolutional tendencies of philosophical pedagogy in the German theoretical tradition. The turn from the normative theories to functional-structuring ones is analyzed on the factual material of Neo-Hegelianism (E. Spranger, T. Litt) and on Adorno’s half-education theory, where the half-education is represented as a form of educational alienation und contributes its conversion to anti-education. One of the alternative theoretical variants proposed by A. Tremlis deduced from theory of the self-referent social systems. Is showed that critics and self-critics of different philosophical and pedagogical constructs is giving impulses for development of philosophical pedagogy as a reflection of the inside logic of learning and educational practices including the claims of globalization. Despite numerous publications devoted to the problem of philosophical and pedagogical comprehension of the challenges of globalization that education is challenged with, the issue is still at an early stage. Nevertheless, the analysis shows that it has already made a certain contribution to the study of real and possible pathologies for the development of modern education. The findings of the research show that the reflection of the state and problems of education in philosophical pedagogy is, at the same time, always a test of the ability of pedagogical theories to fulfill their general civilization function. The activation of its ability to self-criticism is required to cope with that. Without the above mentioned factor, it can easily integrate into political ideology or adapt to the demands of the mass culture, turning from the guardian of the humanistic potential of education into its academically trained destroyer.

scholarly journals Neuronal Signatures of Negative and Positive Schemas towards the Self and Others in Patients with Early Stage Schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Shen ◽  
Guangfan Shen ◽  
Woo-Sung Kim ◽  
Uyanga Tsogt ◽  
Congcong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
The Self ◽  
Positive Schemas

scholarly journals Critica Literară Românească Din Perspectiva Metodelor De Analiză Autocolonială (1840-1939)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
David Morariu
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
The Self ◽  
Economic Report ◽  
The West ◽  
Central Concept ◽  
Critical Discourses ◽  
The Way

AbstractThis study aims to analyze the Romanian critical discourses of the second half of the 19th century and especially of the first half of the 20th century, starting from the central concept of “self-colonization”, coined by Alexander Kiossev. The article opens with the conceptual delimiting of the phenomenon imposed by the Bulgarian theoretician and with the hypothesis that Romanian culture can be attributed to self-colonizing cultures. The demonstration of this hypothesis consists of three arguments. The critical discourses belonging to G. Ibrăileanu, E. Lovinescu and C. Dobrogeanu-Gherea highlight, firstly, some of the characteristics of this self-subordination relation. The way the first two emphasize the role of imitation, the necessity of adopting the foreign models and the way Gherea treats the dependence upon the West under an economic report, represent, briefly, the center of the first part of the demonstration. The second one brings to the fore Mihail Kogălniceanu and Titu Maiorescu’s profiles, their discourses being characterized by clumsiness and flaws so typical for a culture found in an early stage of its development. The last argument broadens the scope of the demonstration in the sense that the analysis focuses on social and economic delimiting. The purpose of this delimiting is to establish which are the areas that are more responsive to the manifestation of the self-colonizing phenomenon.

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