Effects of forest gap positions and epiphyties removal on total phenols and condensed tannins of fallen log in an alpine forest

Changes in the microenvironment driven by forest gaps have profound effects on soil nutrient cycling and litter decomposition processes in alpine forest ecosystems. However, it is unclear whether a similar forest gap effect occurs in the soil decomposer community. A field experiment was conducted in an alpine forest to investigate the composition and structure of the soil nematode community among four treatments, including under a closed canopy and in small (<10 m in diameter), medium (10‒15 m in diameter), and large (15‒20 m in diameter) gaps. A total of 92,787 individuals and 27 species (genera level) of soil nematode were extracted by elutriation and sugar centrifugation, respectively. Filenchus was the most abundant dominant taxa and represented 24.27%‒37.51% of the soil nematodes in the four treatments. Compared to the closed canopy, the forest gaps did not affect the composition, abundance, or species diversity of the soil nematode community but significantly affected the functional diversity of the soil nematode community. The maturity indices (MI, ∑MI, and MI2‒5) of the soil nematode community in the closed canopy were significantly lower than those in the forest gaps. Moreover, the proportion of plant parasitic index and maturity index (PPI/MI) values of the closed canopy and small gaps were significantly higher than those of the medium and large gaps. Our results suggest that the forest gap size substantially alters the functional diversity of soil nematodes in the debris food web, and changes in soil nematode community structure due to gap formation may have profound effects on soil biogeochemical processes in alpine forests.

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Does Propolis Contain Tannins?

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2014/613647 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Marco A. S. Mayworm ◽

Carolina A. Lima ◽

Augusto C. B. Tomba ◽

Caroline C. Fernandes-Silva ◽

Maria L. F. Salatino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Positive Reaction ◽

Condensed Tannins ◽

Total Phenols ◽

Tannin Content ◽

High Degree

Although polyphenols have been reported as common constituents of propolis, tannins have rarely been mentioned as its constituents. Propolis samples from seven localities in Brazil were analyzed for detection of proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins) and determination of the tannin content. Positive reaction for proanthocyanidins was observed for all samples tested. The contents of tannins varied in the range 0.6–4.1%. A high degree of correlation was noted between total phenols and tannin content. Red and green propolis contained high contents of tannins, while in brown propolis the content was lower. It is suggested that the contents of tannins should be a parameter to be considered in propolis characterization.

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Loss of Total Phenol in Two Shrub Leaf Litter Species: The Dual Role of Alpine Forest Gap Disturbance

10.20944/preprints201910.0090.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Wei He ◽

Wanqin Yang

Keyword(s):

Snow Cover ◽

Growing Season ◽

Dual Role ◽

Total Phenol ◽

First Year ◽

Forest Gap ◽

Cover Depth ◽

Forest Gaps ◽

Alpine Forest ◽

Snow Cover Depth

Alpine forest gaps can distribute snowfall, solar radiation and rainfall, thus inducing a heterogeneous hydrothermal microenvironment between the inside and outside areas of forest gaps. Additionally, the characteristics of the heterogeneous microenvironment could vary greatly across the gap location properties during winter and the growing season. To determine the response of total phenol loss (TPL) from the litter to alpine forest gap disturbance during decomposition, we conducted a field litterbag experiment within a representative fir (Abies faxoniana Rehd.) forest based on the gap location properties. The TPL and abundances of fungi and bacteria from two typical shrub species (willow, Salix paraplesia Schneid., and bamboo, Fargesia nitida (Mitford) Keng f.) were measured during the following periods over two years: snow formation (SF), snow cover (SC) snow melting (ST), the early growing season (EG) and the later growing season (LG). At the end of the study, we found that the snow cover depth, frequencies of the freeze-thaw cycle and the fungal copy g-1 to bacterial copy g-1 ratio had significant effects on the litter TPL. The abundances of fungi and bacteria decreased from the gap center to the closed canopy during the two SF, SC, ST and LG periods and reversed during the two EG periods. The TPL closely followed the same trend as the microbial abundance during the first year of incubation. In addition, both species had larger TPLs in the gap center during the first winter, first year and entire two years. These findings suggest that alpine forest gap formation accelerates litter TPL and plays a dual role during specific critical periods by distributing abiotic and biotic factors directly and indirectly. In conclusion, reduced snow cover depth and duration during winter warming under current climate change scenarios or as gaps vanish may slow litter TPL in alpine biomes.

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Phytochemical potential and antioxidant activity of Phaseolus vulgaris .L (Var, Sidi Ferredj) in the face of salt stress

South Asian Journal of Experimental Biology ◽

10.38150/sajeb.9(2).p72-79 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 72-79

Author(s):

Laredj-Zazou Rahma ◽

Toumi-Benali Fawzia ◽

Tifouri Zineb

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Salt Stress ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Condensed Tannins ◽

Total Phenols ◽

Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽

Technical Institute ◽

The Face ◽

Coastal Soils ◽

The Subject

Phaseolus vulgaris.L (var, Sidi Ferredj), a local fabaceae, (creation by the services of the technical institute of vegetable and industrial crops: ITCMI Algeria, after adaptation to the coastal soils), has proven its capability for tolerance to salt stress, through its phytochemical potential, allowing it to resist this abiotic constraint. The objective of our study was to highlight the metabolic capital, in particular the phenolic compounds synthesized by P. vulgaris.L (var, Sidi Ferredj), subjected to salt stress at different concentrations and to valorize this capital by antioxidant activity. Potting trials of the species, which were the subject of our study, were conducted in a greenhouse and under semi-controlled conditions, applying salt stress induced by irrigation with increasing salinity solutions. NaCl-based (0.50,100 and 200 meq.l-1) and a second one based on a combination of NaCl and CaCl2 salts (100 and 150 meq.l-1); the study was completed by the quantification of the phytochemical potential in response to this salinity stress, and which were total phenols, flavonoids and tannins . The antioxidant potential was assessed according to the DPPH test. The results obtained showed that the concentrations of NaCl (50 and 100 meq.l-1) stimulated the accumulation of phenolic compounds, with remarkable contents of total phenols, flavonoids and condensed tannins, unlike the concentration of 200 meq.l-1 NaCl, which appeared to be unfavourable and induced a reduction, particularly total phenols, while the antioxidant activity raised with the increase in salt stress.

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PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDY AND IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF HAMMADA SCOPARIA EXTRACTS FROM SOUTHEASTERN ALGERIA

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i10.27067 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 187

Author(s):

Benkherara Salah ◽

Bordjiba O

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Condensed Tannins ◽

Aerial Part ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Total Flavonoids ◽

Total Phenols ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Trolox Equivalent

Objective: This study was carried out to determine the phytochemical constituents and to evaluate the antioxidant potential of the aerial part extracts of Hammada scoparia (Pomel) Iljin to validate the medicinal potential of this Algerian plant species.Methods: Crude extracts were prepared by cold maceration with absolute methanol and distilled water. Preliminary phytochemical screening is carried out to detect the presence of the major secondary metabolites using qualitative characterization methods. Quantitative estimation of total phenols, total flavonoids, flavanols, flavonols, and condensed tannins contents is performed using gallic acid, rutin, catechin, and quercetin as standards. In vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated by the free radical scavenging activity by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity by scavenging of 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical cation assay, and the ferric reducing power assay (ferric reducing antioxidant power).Results: Phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenes and sterols, saponins, and anthocyanins. Total phenols were present more in aqueous crude extract (ACE) with 336.756±0.855 mg gallic acid equivalent/g DM. Total flavonoids and flavonols were more abundant in methanolic crude extract (MCE) than ACE. However, condensed tannins and flavanols were present less in MCE with only 0.958±0.052 and 4.547±0.055 mg CE/g DM, respectively. The ACE of this plant species had greater antioxidant activity than the other extract by DPPH and ABTS assays (35.823±0.129 and 51.323±0.394 mg trolox equivalent/g DM). The better ferric reducing power (2060.535±2.566 mM Fe+2/g DM) was also recorded with the same extract.Conclusion: ACE of aerial part of H. scoparia (Pomel) Iljin showed a high amount of secondary metabolites. The obtained results confirmed that the extracting solvent influenced the antioxidant property estimations of this plant. Hence, the ACE can be further exploited further for in vitro and in vivo research work.

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Total phenols, tannins and condensed tannins in different parts of Rumex hastatus

Bioresource Technology ◽

10.1016/0960-8524(93)90147-4 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 69-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

H.P.S. Makkar ◽

B. Singh ◽

S.K. Vats ◽

R.P. Sood

Keyword(s):

Condensed Tannins ◽

Total Phenols ◽

Different Parts ◽

Rumex Hastatus

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Relationship of snowshoe hare feeding preferences to nutrient and tannin content of four conifers

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x94-035 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 240-245 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Sheila A. Rangen ◽

Alex W.L. Hawley ◽

Robert J. Hudson

Keyword(s):

Norway Spruce ◽

Condensed Tannins ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Black Spruce ◽

Siberian Larch ◽

White Spruce ◽

Total Phenols ◽

Feeding Preferences ◽

Snowshoe Hares ◽

Relationship Of

The relative preferences of snowshoe hares for native and exotic tree species and the relationship of these preferences to nutritional constituents and phenols have important forestry management implications. Thus, feeding preferences of confined snowshoe hares (Lepusamericanus Erxleben) for Siberian larch (Larixsibericus (Endl.) Sabine ex Trautv.), Norway spruce (Piceaabies (L.) Karst.), white spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss), and black spruce (Piceamariana (Mill.) B.S.R) were examined under two experimental ad libitum feeding conditions. At the end of experiment 1, two-year-old Siberian larch and Norway spruce were equally selected by hares. Twigs and stems of Siberian larch, however, were browsed almost exclusively during the first few days of the experiment, while white spruce was browsed very little at all. Siberian larch was richer in crude protein and lower in fiber than white spruce and Norway spruce, whereas Norway spruce was lower in condensed tannins and total phenols than the other two species. In experiment 2, twigs and stems of 4-year-old black spruce were preferred to those of white spruce. Black spruce contained significantly higher concentrations of crude protein, calcium, and phosphorus and lower concentrations of cellulose and total phenols than white spruce. Overall, white spruce was most resistant to hare damage, though the lack of preference was not reflected in either low nutrient or high tannin values. In fact, concentrations of condensed tannins and total phenols had no antifeedant effects.

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Is there a negative association between the content of condensed tannins, total phenols, and total tannins of tropical plant extracts and in vitro anthelmintic activity against Haemonchus contortus eggs?

Parasitology Research ◽

10.1007/s00436-017-5650-4 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 116 (12) ◽

pp. 3341-3348 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

G. S. Castañeda-Ramírez ◽

J. F. J. Torres-Acosta ◽

C. A. Sandoval-Castro ◽

P. G. González-Pech ◽

V. P. Parra-Tabla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Extracts ◽

Haemonchus Contortus ◽

Condensed Tannins ◽

Anthelmintic Activity ◽

Negative Association ◽

Total Phenols ◽

Tropical Plant

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In vitro Inhibition of Alpha Amylase and Glucosidase of Digestive Snail Juice by Crude Extracts of Cashew Cakes

Asian Food Science Journal ◽

10.9734/afsj/2019/v11i430068 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gninfanni Silvère Ouattara ◽

Doudjo Soro ◽

Tia Jean Gonnety ◽

Kouadio Ernest Koffi

Keyword(s):

Condensed Tannins ◽

Acetone Extract ◽

Alpha Amylase ◽

Total Phenols ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Total Polyphenols ◽

Cashew Apple ◽

In Vitro Inhibition ◽

Alpha Glucosidase

The goal of this work was to study the effect of some solvents as extractants of total polyphenols from cashew cakes and test the ability of the extract with highest level of polyphenols to inhibit alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase from snail (Achatina ventricosa) digestif tract. For this purpose, water, water-methanol (50:50 v/v), water-ethanol (50:50 v/v) and water-acetone (55:45 v/v) were used as solvents. Extract with highest level of polyphenols was obtained using water-acetone (55:45 v/v). The average total phenols content varied respectively from 9179.89 ± 0.154 mg GAE / 100 g for the water-acetone extract to 55439.02 ± 0.117 mg GAE/100 g for the aqueous extract. The average flavonoid content ranged from 370.86 ± 0.015 to 200.88 ± 0.001 mg/100 g and that of condensed tannins ranged from 1852.09 ± 0.023 to 857.45 ± 0.050 mg/100 g. The in vitro inhibition of alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase enzymes of the snail digestive tract allowed to determine the concentration of the extract that inhibits 50% of the enzymes (IC50). The IC50 of alpha-amylase was 0.24 mg / ml and that of alpha glucosidase was 1.44 mg / ml. The results showed that cashew apple residue is a natural source that has potential application in the management of diabetes mellitus.

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