scholarly journals Assessment of the trend and risk factors of under-five diarrhea morbidity and mortality in two selected communities in the West-Mamprusi District

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Mahama Bashiru
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
The West ◽  
Under Five

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Acute Respiratory Infections in Children under Five Years Attending the Fishtail Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
R. Koirala
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five

 Introduction: Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in under five-year children. Risk factors include age, sex, socio‐economic status, indoor air pollution, passive smoking, lack of basic health services, and lack of awareness. In this study, we aimed to determine the associated risk factors of ARI in children under five-years of age. Methods: We carried out a hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study in the peak period of of November 2017 to February 2018. The study was conducted in Fishtail Hospital and Research Center (FHRC), Pokhara, Nepal. Non probability, purposive sampling technique was used and a structural interview was taken for data collection. The tool comprised of two main parts. Part I- questions related to socio-demographic variables of mother and baby. Part II- questions related to risk factors of ARI. The collected data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software, version 16. The Chi Square statistic is used for testing relationships between categorical variables. Results: In total of 302 children visited to FHRC with the symptoms of ARI, only 188 (63%) were diagnosed as ARI. The most common symptoms were fever (42.2%), cough (35.7%), running nose (34.1%), difficulty in breathing (28.5%) and chest in drawing (11.6%). The age of children with ARI ranged from one to sixty month with the mean age of 21.46 ±13.52. Among 188 children, 51% were males whereas 49%were females. There were no statistically differences of children weight at birth among ARI. Our results revealed environmental and social factors associated with ARI. Conclusions: The risk factors significantly associated with ARI were malnutrition, exposure to wood smoke and mosquito coil and contact with person having ARI. Reducing these conditions may reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with ARI in children.

Studying the Birth Outcome in Tikrit Teaching Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-57
Author(s):  
Areej Noaman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Birth Outcome ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Healthy Baby ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Healthy Mother

  Background : A successful birth outcome is defined as the birth of a healthy baby to a healthy mother. While relatively low in industrialized world, maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality and neonatal deaths occur disproportionately in developing countries. Aim of the Study: To assess birth outcome and identify some risk factors affecting it for achieving favorable birth outcome in Tikrit Teaching Hospital

Prevalence of anaemia and it's associated risk factors among under five children at Mukinge Missions Hospital in Kasempa District: Retrospective Study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lloyd Sampa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Volume ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Corpuscular Volume ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Mission Hospital ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

BACKGROUND Anemia is a worldwide major problem known to affect people throughout the world. It has an adverse effect on both the social and economic development. The worldwide prevalence of anemia is 9% in developed nations. The global estimate indicates that 293.1 million of children under five years, approximately 43%, are anaemic worldwide and 28.5% of these children are found in sub Saharan Africa. In Zambia specifically Kasempa, no documented studies on prevalence have been done. Despite iron supplementation being given to pregnant women and the availability of blood transfusion. The burden of the disease remains high as determined by high mortality and morbidity. This study aims at determining the prevalence of anemia and the associated risk factors among under-five children at Mukinge Mission Hospital in Kasempa District. Knowledge of prevalence and the associated risk factors of anaemia will enhance early detection and timely management. OBJECTIVE 1.To determine the hemoglobin status of anaemia by its severity among anaemic under-five children admitted at Mukinge Mission Hospital. 2.To assess the association of anaemia with Malaria among under-five children admitted at Mukinge Mission Hospital. METHODS This was a retrospective study review of under-five children that were diagnosed and managed of Anemia at Mukinge Missions Hospital, over the period of period of 2015, 2017 and 2018. .Data of the variables of interest was extracted and analyzed using SPSS. RESULTS A sample population of 52 children was included in our study. The majority of the children were females 28 (53.8 %) and 24 (46.2 %) were Males. It was found that moderate and severe anaemia was 17.3% and 82.7 % respectively. Additionally, Majority of the anaemic children (75%) had Normocytic anaemia. The Pearson Chi square test revealed no statistical relationship between the variables; Malaria (p=0.58), Age (P=0.82), Gender (P=0.91). CONCLUSIONS According to our study, 39 (75%) had normal mean corpuscular volume which could suggest chronic diseases and sickle cell anemia. 11 (21.2%) had a low mean corpuscular volume indicating Microcytic anemia which could suggest diseases such as iron deficiency and thalassemia among many other causes. However, we were unable to determine the specific cause of anemia.

Risk factors for development of dehydration in children aged under five who have acute watery diarrhoea: a case-control study

Public Health ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-236
Author(s):  
S P Zodpey ◽  
S G Deshpande ◽  
S N Ughade ◽  
A V Hinge ◽  
S N Shrikhande
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Watery Diarrhoea ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Prevalence of diarrhoea and associated risk factors among children under five years old in Pader District, northern Uganda

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Omona ◽  
Geoffrey M. Malinga ◽  
Robert Opoke ◽  
Geoffrey Openy ◽  
Robert Opiro
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Northern Uganda ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Pader District

scholarly journals Hierarchical disentanglement of contextual from compositional risk factors of diarrhoea among under-five children in low- and middle-income countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe ◽  
A. Olalekan Uthman ◽  
Latifat Ibisomi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
National Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Contextual Risk ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

AbstractSeveral studies have documented the burden and risk factors associated with diarrhoea in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). To the best of our knowledge, the contextual and compositional factors associated with diarrhoea across LMIC were poorly operationalized, explored and understood in these studies. We investigated multilevel risk factors associated with diarrhoea among under-five children in LMIC. We analysed diarrhoea-related information of 796,150 under-five children (Level 1) nested within 63,378 neighbourhoods (Level 2) from 57 LMIC (Level 3) using the latest data from cross-sectional and nationally representative Demographic Health Survey conducted between 2010 and 2018. We used multivariable hierarchical Bayesian logistic regression models for data analysis. The overall prevalence of diarrhoea was 14.4% (95% confidence interval 14.2–14.7) ranging from 3.8% in Armenia to 31.4% in Yemen. The odds of diarrhoea was highest among male children, infants, having small birth weights, households in poorer wealth quintiles, children whose mothers had only primary education, and children who had no access to media. Children from neighbourhoods with high illiteracy [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.07, 95% credible interval (CrI) 1.04–1.10] rates were more likely to have diarrhoea. At the country-level, the odds of diarrhoea nearly doubled (aOR = 1.88, 95% CrI 1.23–2.83) and tripled (aOR = 2.66, 95% CrI 1.65–3.89) among children from countries with middle and lowest human development index respectively. Diarrhoea remains a major health challenge among under-five children in most LMIC. We identified diverse individual-level, community-level and national-level factors associated with the development of diarrhoea among under-five children in these countries and disentangled the associated contextual risk factors from the compositional risk factors. Our findings underscore the need to revitalize existing policies on child and maternal health and implement interventions to prevent diarrhoea at the individual-, community- and societal-levels. The current study showed how the drive to the attainment of SDGs 1, 2, 4, 6 and 10 will enhance the attainment of SDG 3.

scholarly journals Frequency, risk factors and materno-foetal outcomes among cases of Placenta previa at a tertiary care hospital: a two year study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2240
Author(s):  
Pamulaparthi Bindu Reddy ◽  
Gurram Swetha Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Placenta Previa ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Early Date

Background: Placenta previa refers to the presence of placental tissue that extends over the internal cervical os.  Placenta previa is linked to maternal hypovolemia, anaemia, and long hospital stay and with prematurity, low birth weight, low APGAR score in newborn. So it is very important to identify the condition at an early date to warn the condition thereby reducing the maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality. The present study was aimed to estimate the prevalence of PP, its associated predisposing risk factors and maternal morbidity, mortality and the perinatal outcome.Methods: A prospective observational study for two years was conducted at a tertiary care hospital. Pregnant mothers with >28 weeks of age with H/o ante partum haemorrhage were screened for placenta previa, confirmed by ultra sonography and included in the study. Clinical history, obstetric examination was done and followed up till the delivery. Maternal and foetal outcomes were recorded. Data analyzed by using SPSS version 20.Results: 1.4% incidence of PP was noted, mean age of group was 29.17±1.6 years. Age group of 21-30 years, multiparity Gravida 2-4, previous history of caesarean section and less number of ante natal checkups were significant risk factors and LSCS was most common outcome. Prematurity, low birth weight and APGAR <7 score for 1 minute was common foetal outcomes.Conclusions: Our study strongly suggests foetal surveillance programmes in cases of placenta previa. Measures should be made to bring awareness about PP, in urban slums and to increase medical checkups regularly. Making USG mandatory during every ANC and referral of cases of PP to tertiary care centres would definitely reduce the chances of morbidity and mortality.

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