scholarly journals CARACTERIZAÇÃO MORFOLÓGICA, MOLECULAR E PATOGENICIDADE DE Fusarium acuminatum E Fusarium verticillioides A Cordia americana

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clair Walker ◽  
Caciara Gonzatto Maciel ◽  
Paola Mendes Milanesi ◽  
Marlove Fátima Brião Muniz ◽  
Ricardo Mezzomo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Fusarium Acuminatum ◽  
Fusarium Sp

Cordia americana (L.) Gottschling & J. S. Mill. (guajuvira) é uma espécie florestal amplamente distribuída no território brasileiro e que apresenta importância econômica e ambiental devido à qualidade de sua madeira e utilização em reflorestamentos. Com o objetivo de avaliar a patogenicidade de Fusarium sp. associado às sementes, foram caracterizados, morfológica e molecularmente, quatro isolados do fungo que foram inoculados nas sementes de guajuvira. A caracterização morfológica foi realizada com o auxílio de uma chave de identificação para o gênero Fusarium e para a identificação molecular foram sequenciadas as regiões genômicas Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) e Fator de elongação 1 - alpha (TEF1-α). Os resultados do sequenciamento de DNA concordaram com os da caracterização morfológica e permitiram identificar as espécies Fusarium acuminatum e Fusarium verticillioides. No teste de patogenicidade, verificou-se que ambas as espécies do fungo foram patogênicas a Cordia americana, causando tombamento em pré e pós-emergência, além de apodrecimento de raízes e necrose no hipocótilo.  

scholarly journals New Amylase Inhibitor Present in Corn Seeds Active In Vitro Against Amylase from Fusarium verticillioides

Plant Disease ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson L. Z. Figueira ◽  
Alejandro Blanco-Labra ◽  
Antônio Carlos Gerage ◽  
Elisabete Y. S. Ono ◽  
Elizabeth Mendiola-Olaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Anion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Human Saliva ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Amylase Inhibitor ◽  
Fusarium Sp

A screening for specific amylase inhibitor levels against amylase from Fusarium verticillioides (Fusarium moniliforme), the most relevant mycotoxigenic fungus in corn, was conducted on 37 corn hybrids. The amylase inhibitor levels in these hybrids ranged from 5.5 to 16.0 amylase inhibitor units per gram of corn (AIU/g) in the MASTER and AG5011 hybrids, respectively. The hybrid with the maximum content of inhibitor was used as the source of this new protein. The inhibitor was partially purified using fractional precipitation, gel filtration on Sephadex G-75 column, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) Superose HR 10/30 column, and HPLC anion exchange chromatography, obtaining a 20.7-fold purification. Electrophoresis after denaturing and heating under reductive conditions showed an apparent 23.8 kDa molecular mass and an acidic isoelectric point of 5.4, which differs from previous molecular masses reported for other inhibitors present in corn seeds (14 and 22 kDa). This inhibitor showed activity against amylases from human saliva and pancreas, from the fungi F. verticillioides and Aspergillus flavus, and from the insects Acanthoscelides obtectus, Zabrotes subfasciatus, Tribolium castaneum, and Sitotroga cerealella. The mycoflora found in the corn grain indicated Fusarium sp. as the most prevalent fungi (81.1% of the samples), with a count ranging from 1.5 × 102 to 2.4 × 106 CFU/g of corn. The presence of fumonisins was detected in 21 out of the 37 hybrids studied, ranging from 0.05 to 2.67 μg of FB per gram of corn. No correlation could be established between this amylase inhibitor level in the corn seeds and the presence of Fusarium sp. or with the fumonisin content under the experimental conditions of the test.

scholarly journals Development of Indirect Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay to Detect Fusarium verticillioides in Poultry Feed Samples

Toxins ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Omori ◽  
Elisabete Ono ◽  
Melissa Hirozawa ◽  
Igor de Souza Suguiura ◽  
Elisa Hirooka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Feed Samples

Fumonisins are a group of toxic secondary metabolites that are produced by Fusarium verticillioides which are associated with poultry health hazard and great economic losses. The objective of the present study was to develop an immunological method to detect F. verticillioides in poultry feed samples. An indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic-ELISA) based on a polyclonal antibody against 67 kDa protein of the F. verticillioides 97K exoantigen was developed to detect this fungus. Antibody anti-67 kDa protein showed cross-reactivity against F. graminearum (2–7%) and F. sporotrichioides (10%), but no or low cross-reactivity against Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. exoantigens. The detection limit for the 67 kDa protein of F. verticillioides was 29 ng/mL. Eighty-one poultry feed samples were analyzed for Fusarium sp. count, 67 kDa protein of F. verticillioides and fumonisin concentrations. Eighty of the 81 feed samples (98.6%) showed Fusarium sp. contamination (mean 6.2 x 104 CFU/g). Mean 67 kDa protein and fumonisin concentration in the poultry feed samples was 21.0 µg/g and 1.02 µg/g, respectively. The concentration of 67 kDa protein, as determined by ic-ELISA correlated positively (p < 0.05) with fumonisin levels (r = 0.76). These results suggest that this ic-ELISA has potential to detect F. verticillioides and predict fumonisin contamination in poultry feed samples.

scholarly journals Isolation And Identification Of Carried Seed Fungus Acacia crassicarpa A. Cunn. Ex Benth

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-30
Author(s):  
Era Kurniati Kurniati ◽  
Delita Zul ◽  
Budi Tjahyono
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Genus Fusarium ◽  
Acacia Crassicarpa ◽  
Fusarium Sp

Penyakit yang disebabkan oleh cendawan pada bibit Acacia crassicarpa (Akasia) sangat berpotensi menimbulkan kerusakan pada bibit dan dapat terbawa benih. Bentuk kerusakan karena serangan patogen sangat bervariasi, bergantung pada jenis patogen, benih dan faktor lingkungan. Oleh karena itu dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk isolasi dan identifikasi patogen terbawa benih Akasia. Benih yang digunakan sebagai sumber isolat yaitu benih yang disimpan di Dry Cold Storage (DCS) dengan tahun panen benih 2012, 2015 dan 2016. Isolasi cendawan dari benih dilakukan dengan meletakkan benih di atas medium agar PPA dan dipurifikasi pada medisum PSA. Karakterisasi secara mikroskopik menunjukkan bahwa cendawan yang diisolasi terdiri dari  4 genus, yaitu Aspergillus, Rhizopus, Penicillium dan Fusarium. Isolat yang secara mikroskopis termasuk genus Fusarium diidentifikasi secara molekuler berdasarkan Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS). Hasil BLAST menunjukkan bahwa sekuen (ITS) isolat 2012 dan 2016 dengan ukuran 570-580 bp memiliki kemiripan paling dekat dengan cendawan kelompok Fusarium sp. Nilai max identity isolat uji sebesar 88,87% (isolat 2012) dan 87,55% (isolat 2016). Hasil uji patogenisitas cendawan Fusarium sp. secara in vitro menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada gejala nekrosis yang muncul selama pengamatan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa Fusarium yang diisolasi diduga tidak bersifat patogen.  

Application of Ribosomal Internal Transcribed Spacer 1, Internal Transcribed Spacer 2, and Large-Subunit D1–D2 Regions as the Genetic Markers to Identify Fungi Isolated from Different Environmental Samples: A Molecular Surveillance Study of Public Health Importance

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 843-850
Author(s):  
Irshad M Sulaiman ◽  
Emily Jacobs ◽  
Steven Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Fusarium Sp

Abstract Background In September 2012, a multistate fungal meningitis outbreak started across 20 states in the United States. It affected 753 individuals and caused 64 deaths who received contaminated spinal injections. In a previous study, we analyzed 26 environmental samples collected from the manufacturing premises of a compounding company to determine the possible cause of an outbreak and identified 14 distinct fungal species. Objectives In this follow-up study, we have analyzed 198 environmental samples collected from three additional compounding company premises located in the United States for the presence of pathogenic fungi. Methods Environmental swab samples were initially examined by standard microbiological methods. Subsequently, DNA sequencing was performed on all of the 25 recovered fungal isolates at the D1–D2 domain of the large subunit (LSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions. Results Sequence analysis of the ITS1, ITS2, and LSU rRNA regions confirmed the presence of the following fungal species in the environmental samples analyzed: (i) Pestalotiopsis cocculi from the region Ia; (ii) Epicoccum nigrum and Trichaptum biforme from the region Ib; (iii) Nigrospora sphaerica and Fusarium sp. from the region II; and (iv) Curvularia sp., Fusarium sp., Penicillium sp., and Preussia sp. from the region III. Species identification of 25 recovered fungal isolates matched, in most cases, at 3 sequenced loci (ITS1, ITS2, and LSU). Highlights DNA sequencing of ITS1, ITS2, and LSU D1–D2 regions can be used to perform fungal typing and in implementing effective environmental monitoring programs of public health importance.

Genetic diversity of Peucedanum japonicum using Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) sequence

Planta Medica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
YH Kim ◽  
JA Ryuk ◽  
BS Ko ◽  
JW Lee ◽  
SE Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Its Sequence

DESEMPENHO AGRONÔMICO E QUALIDADE SANITÁRIA DE GRÃOS DE MILHO, EM FUNÇÃO DA APLICAÇÃO FOLIAR DE FUNGICIDAS

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-90
Author(s):  
José Roberto Chaves Neto ◽  
Renato Carnellosso Guerra ◽  
Ricardo Boscaini ◽  
Nívea Raquel Ledur ◽  
Maurivan Travessini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Aspergillus Sp

O controle das podridões das espigas e grãos de milho é realizado principalmente com a aplicação de fungicidas químicos em todas as regiões produtoras do Rio Grande do Sul. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência da aplicação foliar de fungicidas na incidência de grãos ardidos e de fungos dos gêneros Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp. e Aspergillus sp. em grãos de milho. O experimento foi conduzido na safra agrícola 2014/15, em Cruz Alta, RS. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados (DBC), com 4 tratamentos (3 com aplicação de fungicidas e 1 testemunha sem aplicação) em 4 repetições. Os tratamentos basearam-se nas aplicações dos fungicidas Piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol (380 mL ha-1), Picoxistrobina + ciproconazole (300 mL ha-1) e Azoxistrobina + benzovindiflupir (150 g ha-1). As variáveis analisadas foram: percentagem de grãos ardidos, massa de mil grãos e rendimento de grãos. Houve efeito da aplicação de fungicidas sobre toas as variáveis avaliadas. Os componentes de produção assim como a incidência de grãos ardidos e de fungos fitopatogênicos, em grãos de milho são influenciados pela aplicação via foliar de fungicidas no estádio fenológico V8 da cultura do milho.

Cas de suie de l'érable et de chancre du peuplier dans le canton de Genève

2016 ◽  
Vol 167 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-104
Author(s):  
Bastien Cochard ◽  
François Lefort
Keyword(s):  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Flora ◽  
Acer Campestre ◽  
Cytospora Chrysosperma ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Populus X Euramericana ◽  
Bark Peeling ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
First Time

A case of sooty bark disease and Cytospora poplar canker in the Canton of Geneva In summer 2014, a case of sooty bark disease caused by Cryptostroma corticale on an individual field maple (Acer campestre) and two cases of poplar canker due to Cytospora chrysosperma on Populus x euramericana were identified genetically for the first time on the territory of the Canton of Geneva. In both cases, the trees presented signs of very advanced dieback, accompanied by specific symptoms such as bark peeling and sooty plaques for the maple, and loose twisted bark layers and black colouring of the wood in structural branches of the poplars. Sampling was carried out in the symptomatic areas and components of the fungal flora were isolated in pure cultures in order to identify any pathogenic fungi. The molecular analysis of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences made it possible to identify precisely all pure isolates obtained. The results showed a majority presence of C. corticale in the maple tree, and of C. chrysosperma in the two poplars. Both these fungi are little known in Switzerland and Europe, and their presence is maybe associated with changes in the climate.

EFEKTIFITAS RHIZOCTONIA MIKORIZA DALAM MENGINDUKSI KETAHANAN ANGGREK PHALAENOPSIS AMABILIS TERHADAP FUSARIUM SP.

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Soelistijono
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Resistance Induction ◽  
Fusarium Sp

This study examines the effectiveness of mycorrhizal Rhizoctonia resistance induction in Phalaenopsis amabilis against Fusarium sp. Fusarium solani is known as pathogens that attack many orchids P. amabilis (Chung et al., 2011) compared to other pathogenic fungi. Attack of Fusarium sp. will cause rot and yellow colored leaves. Until now there has been known as a biological control orchid against Fusarium sp. In this study tested the endurance locations in Sleman and Surakarta to see the effectiveness of a good orchid growth induced by Rhizoctonia mycorrhizal or not to attack by Fusarium sp. The results of the study showed that mycorrhizal Rhizoctonia able to inhibit the attack of Fusarium sp. It is shown by the value of the index of disease resistance  (DSI) in P. amabilis orchid mycorrhizal Rhizoctonia induced lower than that not induced. Mycorrhizal Rhizoctonia induction results in Sleman provide a more real than mycorrhizal Rhizoctonia induction in Surakarta.

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