scholarly journals A vegetação da capoeira na região do curso médio do Rio Jacuí, RS

1982 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 141 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Newton Cardoso Marchiori ◽  
Solon J. Longhi ◽  
Miguel A. Durlo
Keyword(s):  
Wood Species ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Composition And Structure

This work describes the floristic composition and structure of the brushwood vegetation in the region of the mid flow of the Jacuí River, RS. This forest type is highly heterogeneous. Forty five woody species were found, of which the pioneer vegetationis the most abundant. Species of economic importance occur less frequently. Also identified were ninety-six non-wood species.

Forest structure, floristic composition and soils of an Amazonian monodominant forest on maracá Island, Roraima, Brazil

1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Nascimento ◽  
J Proctor ◽  
D. M. Villela
Keyword(s):  
Forest Type ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Canopy Layer ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Density Values ◽  
Set Up

Maracá is a riverine island located in the Rio Uraricoera in Roraima State (Brazil) and has an area of about 100,000ha. A forest type dominated by Peltogyne gracilipes Ducke (Caesalpiniaceae) occurs on Maracá Island on a range of soil types. This study compares the structure, floristic composition and soils of the Peltogyne forest with the most widespread lowland forest type on Maracá. Three 0.25ha plots were set up in each of three forest types: Peltogyne-rich forest (PRF), Peltogyne-pooi forest (PPF) and forest without Peltogyne (FWP). Within each plot all trees (≤ 10cm dbh) were recorded. Seedlings and saplings were sampled in subplots of 2m × 1m (seedlings) and 4m × 4m (saplings). In the PPF and FWP, Sapotaceae were the most important family with the highest relative dominance and relative density values. Caesalpiniaceae showed high values in the PRF and PPF. Licania kunthiana, Pradosia surinamensis and Simarouba amara occurred in the canopy layer in all the forest types. Peltogyne dominated the canopy in the PRF and comprised 20% of stems and 53% of the total basal area of all trees ≥ 10cm dbh, and 91% of the stems and 97% of the total basal area of individuals ≥ 50cm dbh. In PPF, Lecythis corrugata and Tetragastris panamensis were the most abundant species, followed by Peltogyne. In the FWP the most abundant trees (≥ 10cm dbh) were Licania kunthiana and Pradosia surinamensis. In all forest types, the soils were sandy and acid with low concentrations of extractable phosphorus and exchangeable cations, but the soils under PRF were notably richer in magnesium.

scholarly journals Ants Associated to Loranthaceae in an Agroecosystem Based on Cocoa Trees in Nkolbisson (Yaounde: Cameroon)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Sandrine Jueya ◽  
Ruth Mony ◽  
Champlain Djieto-Lordon
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Dacryodes Edulis ◽  
Cocoa Tree ◽  
Dominant Ant

The present study was carried out in order to identify the ant fauna and her potential role as auxiliary of an agricultural system based on cocoa trees leeched by Loranthaceae, in Nkolbisson neighborhood in Yaoundé (Cameroon). The work was conducted from May to September 2015. An inventory of all woody species and the associated ant fauna was carried out beforehand, followed by an inventory of the ant fauna associated couples Theobroma cacao/Loranthaceae during periods of non-flowering, flowering and fruiting Loranthaceae. We inventoried a total of 187 plants of which 44 (23.53%) were parasitized by flowering-shrub epiphytes (Loranthaceae). Theobroma cacao (cocoa) appeared to be the most abundant species (122 plants) followed by Dacryodes edulis (16 safou trees) and Mangifera indica (15 mango trees). Three species of Loranthaceae were identified: Tapinanthus preussii (Engler) Van Tieghem and Phragmanthera capitata (Sprengel) S. Balle which both attack Theobroma cacao (cocoa tree) and Tapinanthus bangwensis (Engl.et. Krause) Denser which attacks mainly forest type trees. Five sub-families of ants (Pseudomyrmicinae, Dolychoderinae, Ponerinae, Formicinae and Myrmicinae) divided into 16 genera and 35 species were recorded throughout the agrosystem. Tetramorium acculeatum has emerged as the most dominant ant species on both T. preussii and P. capitata. Monitoring of the ant foraging activity during flowering and fruiting Loranthaceae shows they participate in the flowers fall.

scholarly journals Phyllostomidae assemblage (Chiroptera: Mammalia) in altitudinal forests at the Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca, Southeast of Minas Gerais, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo M. Mello ◽  
Pedro H. Nobre ◽  
Marco A. Manhães ◽  
Alexmar S. Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Ecological Relevance ◽  
Forest Region ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Artibeus Lituratus

ABSTRACT Many studies have demonstrated the ecological relevance and great biodiversity of bats in Brazil. However, mountainous areas have been disproportionately less sampled, mainly in the Southeast. The aim of this study was to identify and compare the richness and diversity of Phyllostomidae, the most diverse bat family, in different forest types in Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca, trying to understand the causes of possible differences. The Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca is inserted in the Serra da Mantiqueira's domain, in an Atlantic Forest region known as "Zona da Mata", state of Minas Gerais, with an altitudinal range between 1200-1784 meters. The study was conducted in two forest types, classified as "Nanofloresta Nebular" and "Floresta Nebular", whose respective data on richness and diversity were compared. The bats were captured with 8-10 mist nets for 14 months (April 2011 to May 2012) and four nights per month totaling 62,171.25 m2h of capture effort. A total of 392 captures (12 species) belonging to the Phyllostomidae family were obtained. The most abundant species were Sturnira lilium (59.9%), Platyrrhinus lineatus (11.3%), Artibeus lituratus (8.7%) and Carollia perspicillata (7.6%). The two sampled areas presented differences in bat richness, diversity and species composition, and this difference was predominantly influenced by S. lilium. It is likely that the observed difference in the assembly of bats between the two study sites depends on the variation in floristic composition. The records of A. lituratus and P. lineatus in a few months of the year and close to Ficus mexiae bearing ripe fruits suggests that at least these species move to the park for a few periods of the year in search of food resources, possibly moving through the altitudinal landscapes.

scholarly journals Urbanization effects on the composition and structure of macrophytes communities in a lotic ecosystem of Pernambuco State, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 888-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. C. C. Xavier ◽  
F. Scherner ◽  
D. C. Burgos ◽  
R. C. Barreto ◽  
S. M. B. Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Macrophyte Communities ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Lotic Ecosystem ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Urbanized Areas ◽  
Wet And Dry Seasons

Abstract Population growth in urban areas changes freshwater ecosystems, and this can have consequences for macrophyte communities as can be seen in the municipalities that border the Capibaribe River, Pernambuco, Brazil. This study reports the effects of urbanization on the composition and structure of macrophyte communities in areas along that river. The following urbanized and non-urbanized sampling sites were chosen: Sites 1 and 2 (municipality of Santa Cruz do Capibaribe), Sites 3 and 4 (municipality of Toritama), and Sites 5 and 6 (metropolitan region of Recife). These sites were visited every two months from January to July 2013 to observe seasonal variation (wet and dry seasons). Thirty-one species were identified. Generally, the non-urbanized sites had a higher number of species. Multivariate analyses indicated significant overall differences between urbanized and non-urbanized areas (R = 0.044; p < 0.001) and between seasons (R = 0.018; p < 0.019). Owing to the large variation in physical, chemical, and biological characteristics between urbanized and non-urbanized areas, we found that urbanization significantly influenced the floristic composition and structure of macrophyte communities.

scholarly journals Floristic composition of the Montane Forest in the Almadina-Barro Preto axis, Southern Bahia, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Macielle Macedo Coelho ◽  
André Márcio Amorim
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Montane Forest ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
Southern Bahia ◽  
Arboreal Habit

The aim of this study is to survey the angiosperms of two montane forest remnants in the southern Bahia, Brazil: Corcovado (SCO) and Pedra Lascada (SPL). Both fragments are located in the municipality of Almadina and Barro Preto, respectively, and are 18 km distant from each other. We sampled 899 species of angiosperms distributed in 437 genera and 116 families. The SCO was the richest area with 678 species, distributed in 367 genera and 100 families. SPL showed 466 species in 269 genera and 88 families. The percentage of species identified was 85.8% and of this total, 37.7% are endemic to the Atlantic Forest, 11.2% are endemic to southern Bahia and northern Espírito Santo and 7% are disjunct between the Atlantic Forest and Amazon. The remaining percentages (44.3%) were of species widely distributed. The richest families in the two areas were Orchidaceae (10%), Rubiaceae (7%), Bromeliaceae (5.5%), Melastomataceae (4.2%) and Poaceae (4%). The richest genera were Psychotria (2%),Piper (1.8%), Ocotea (1.6%),Vriesea (1.5%) and Peperomia (1.4%). More than half of the recorded species showed non-arboreal habit, regarding life forms documented. That comes against the assertion that many authors in the tropical forests, where species richness in angiosperms is expected for non-woody species, especially in montane forests. Twelve species have been identified as new, but seven others already described from collections previously obtained in these two areas. Orchidaceae, Rubiaceae, Poaceae and Bromeliaceae showed significant richness in this study these families are commonly reported as the richest in other inventories in the Atlantic Forest in southern Bahia reinforcing their importance to the regional flora. The high levels of richness, endemism, and the growing numbers of new taxonomic discoveries from the SPL and SCO sites indicate the biological importance of these two forest remnants. The implementation of parks or other protected environmental reserves would be essential to the conservation of its species.

scholarly journals Natural Regeneration of the Tree Stand in the Bilberry Spruce Forest—Clear-Cutting Ecotone Complex in the First Post-Logging Decade

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1542
Author(s):  
Nadezhda V. Genikova ◽  
Viktor N. Mamontov ◽  
Alexander M. Kryshen ◽  
Vladimir A. Kharitonov ◽  
Sergey A. Moshnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Clear Cutting

Bilberry spruce forests are the most widespread forest type in the European boreal zone. Limiting the clear-cuttings size leads to fragmentation of forest cover and the appearance of large areas of ecotone complexes, composed of forest (F), a transition from forest to the cut-over site under tree canopy (FE), a transition from forest to the cut-over site beyond tree canopy (CE), and the actual clear-cut site (C). Natural regeneration of woody species (spruce, birch, rowan) in the bilberry spruce stand—clear-cut ecotone complex was studied during the first decade after logging. The effects produced by the time since cutting, forest edge aspect, and the ground cover on the emergence and growth of trees and shrubs under forest canopy and openly in the clear-cut were investigated. Estimating the amount and size of different species in the regeneration showed FE and CE width to be 8 m—roughly half the height of first-story trees. Typical forest conditions (F) feature a relatively small amount of regenerating spruce and birch. The most favorable conditions for natural regeneration of spruce in the clear-cut—mature bilberry spruce stand ecotone are at the forest edge in areas of transition both towards the forest and towards the clear-cut (FE and CE). Clear-cut areas farther from the forest edge (C) offer an advantage to regenerating birch, which grows densely and actively in this area.

scholarly journals Community Arctio-Artemisetum vulgaris (Tx. 1942) Oberd. et al. 1967.: The most widespread ruderal community at Pancevacki rit

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-121
Author(s):  
Radmila Stankovic-Kalezic ◽  
Slobodan Jovanovic ◽  
Vaskrsija Janjic ◽  
Ljiljana Radivojevic
Keyword(s):  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Anthropogenic Influences ◽  
Composition And Structure

A several-year investigation of distribution, phytocoenological differentiation, floristic composition and structure of the ruderal flora and vegetation, and relative anthropogenic influences was conducted in the area of Pancevacki rit. The study focused on the ruderal community Arctio-Artemisetum vulgaris, the most widespread of 10 ruderal communities identified in a detailed phytocoenological analysis of the location of Pancevacki rit.

scholarly journals COMPARISON ON VEGETATION COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF EXCLOSURES VS. OPEN GRAZING LANDS IN NORTHERN ETHIOPIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 70-99
Author(s):  
Samson Shimelse Jemaneh
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Regeneration Status ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Grazing Lands

This study was conducted with the objectives of study investigates, compare, and try to describe the floristic composition and structure of the vegetation of exclosures and open grazing lands. A stratified preferential sampling design technique with flexible systematic model was used for data collection. Data on vegetation and environmental parameters were gathered from 120 quadrants (90 from restorations or exclosures of different ages and 30 from adjacent open grazing lands), of 20 m x 20 m (400 m2) size. Species richness and the presence or absence of herbaceous plants were recorded like soil samples in a 2 m x 2 m (4 m2) subplot inside each main quadrant from five points, one at each corner and one at the center.  A total of 142 plant species belonging to 118 genera and 52 families were identified. All exclosures displayed higher plant species richness, diversity, and aboveground standing biomass compared to the adjacent open grazing lands. Consideration of edaphic (e.g. soil total nitrogen, available phosphorus, CEC, exchangeable bases, soil pH and soil texture) and site (e.g. Stoniness, Grazing) variables will help to optimize the selection of areas for the establishment of future exclosures. Moreover, our study suggests that with time exclosures may increasingly obtain an important role as refugees and species pool similar to church forests and should be protected and managed in a sustainable manner. However, economic and social impacts of exclosures should be included in feasibility studies before establishing exclosures in the future.  Altitude, Grazing and some soil parameters like Mg were the major environmental factors in the division of the vegetation into plant community types. The result of the frequency distribution of woody species showed a high proportion of small-sized individuals in the lower diameter classes indicating good recruitment potential of the forest patches and the rare occurrence of large individuals. Such trend was probably caused by past disturbance of the original vegetation resulting in a succession of secondary vegetation. In addition, the analysis of species population structure indicated that some tree species had abnormal population structure with no or few individuals at lower size classes. Moreover, assessment of regeneration status on the basis of age classes indicated that significant proportion of woody species were represented by few or no seedlings, entailing that they were under threat. Substantial numbers of forest species were found to have irregular population structure and are in reduced regeneration status. To prevent local extinction of these species, present efforts of nursery establishment and plantation of indigenous species in the exclosures should be strengthened and extended.

Composition and community structure of mangroves distributed on the east coast of Marajó Island, Brazil

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Luzia Santos de Oliveira Faro ◽  
Priscila Sanjuan de Medeiros-Sarmento ◽  
Norma Ely Santos Beltrão ◽  
Paulo Weslem Portal Gomes ◽  
Ana Cláudia Caldeira Tavares-Martins
Keyword(s):  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Structural Development ◽  
Black Water ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Marine System ◽  
Marajó Island ◽  
White Water ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

Abstract Mangroves in the Amazon are influenced by several environmental conditions that determine the composition and structural development of the arboreal flora, which results in different distribution patterns. In this study, we sought to answer two questions: (1) what is the composition and structure of the mangroves near the mouth of the Amazon River in Marajó Island? (2) Are the fringe and inland mangroves more similar or dissimilar in terms of floristic composition? For this, we delimited a fringe zone and an inland zone about 1 km apart from each other. In each zone, we distributed five 400-m2 plots. The individuals were grouped into diameter and height classes and structural and phytosociological parameters were calculated. Ten species were recorded in the mangroves, of which seven are typical of white-water (várzea) and black-water (igapó) flooded forest ecosystems. We believed the adjacent ecosystems and the hydrological network are inducing the establishment of such species. The composition and structure of mangroves did not differ statistically between zones, and the degree of similarity may be a result of similar environmental factors in these zones such as low relief and high frequency of macrotides. We conclude that the vegetation of the studied mangroves has a major influence of the fluvial-marine system of the great rivers of the Amazon associated with a diversity of ecosystems that, together, generate greater floristic richness when compared to mangroves in other regions.

scholarly journals Inventory of mollusks from the estuary of the Paraíba River in northeastern Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Felipe Barbosa Lima ◽  
◽  
Rudá Amorim Lucena ◽  
Galdênia Menezes Santos ◽  
José Weverton Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Coastal Ecosystems ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Marine Mollusks ◽  
The Family

Abstract: Coastal ecosystems of northeastern Brazil have important biodiversity with regard to marine mollusks, which are insufficiently studied. Here we provide an inventory of mollusks from two sites in the estuary of the Paraíba River. Mollusks were collected in 2014 and 2016 on the coast and sandbanks located on the properties of Treze de Maio and Costinha de Santo Antônio. The malacofaunal survey identified 12 families, 20 genera and 21 species of bivalves, 17 families, 19 genera and 20 species of gastropods and one species of cephalopod. Bivalves of the family Veneridae Rafinesque, 1815 were the most representative, with a total of five species. Gastropods of the family Littorinidae Children, 1834 had the greatest species richness. The most abundant species were: Neritina virginea (Linnaeus, 1758), Brachidontes exustus (Linnaeus, 1758), Crassostrea brasiliana (Lamarck, 1819), Cerithium atratum (Born, 1778), Anomalocardia brasiliana (Gmelin, 1791), Parvanachis obesa (C. B. Adams, 1845), Phrontis polygonata (Lamarck, 1822), Littoraria angulifera (Lamarck, 1822), L. flava (King, 1832), Tagelus plebeius (Lightfoot, 1786), Echinolittorina lineolata (d'Orbigny, 1840) and Iphigenia brasiliensis (Lamarck, 1818). The results show that the study area has considerable species richness of Mollusca, requiring environmental monitoring in the region mainly due to the economic importance of some species to the local population.

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