scholarly journals Treatment of multibacillary leprosy with a regimen of 13 weeks duration

1992 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. PATTYN ◽  
G. GROENEN ◽  
L. JANSSENS ◽  
L. KUYKENS ◽  
L. B. MPUTU
Keyword(s):  
Multibacillary Leprosy

Immunobiological Markers in Prophylaxis Post-exposure with Single Dose of Rifampicin and BCG Vaccine in Contacts of Multibacillary Leprosy Cases: Study Protocol (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Massae Sato ◽  
Omar Ariel Espinosa Domínguez ◽  
Gutembergue Santos de Sousa ◽  
Fabiane Verônica da Silva ◽  
Roberta Olmo Pinheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Bcg Vaccine ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Serological Response ◽  
Bacillus Calmette Guerin ◽  
Prophylactic Measure ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Multibacillary Leprosy

BACKGROUND Leprosy contacts are sensitive indicator of the magnitude of severity, and a high risk for infection and disease, especially if the individuals are exposed to the bacillus with multibacillary cases, which reinforces the need for chemoprophylactic measures, such as the use single-dose rifampicin (SDR) combined with BCG vaccine. OBJECTIVE Our study will analyze the serological response of anti-NDO-LID, HO-1/HMOX and serum IFN-γ concentration as a prophylactic measure after the use of single-dose rifampicin (SDR) combined with the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine (BCG) among multibacillary leprosy household contacts. METHODS Intervention study based on a prospective cohort of household contacts of new cases of multibacillary leprosy diagnosed and registered in the Information System on Diseases of Compulsory Declaration (SINAN – Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação) and residents in the municipalities of Cuiabá and Cáceres, Mato Grosso, in the years 2019 and 2020. Contacts with no signs and symptoms compatible with the disease of the intervention group will receive single-dose rifampicin (SDR) combined with BCG vaccine and will be compared to the control group. The follow-up of the cohort will last 12 months. The analyses of the anti-NDO-LID, HO-1/HMOX and serum concentration of IFN-γ tests as immunological markers before, 6 and 12 months after the intervention will be conducted in a reference laboratory (FIOCRUZ). RESULTS The study is still recruiting participants and is expected to be completed in September 2020. CONCLUSIONS Our study seeks to analyze the response of anti-NDO-LID, HO-1/HMOX tests and serum IFN-γ concentration as a prophylactic measure after the use of single-dose rifampicin (SDR) combined with the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine (BCG) in home contacts of multibacillary leprosy cases. CLINICALTRIAL Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC), RBR-6yg2z9. Retrospectively registered on 3 de Out. de 2019.

HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF WHO CLASSIFIED MULTIBACILLARY LEPROSY CASES IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE, SOUTH KERALA

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-34
Author(s):  
Anita Sanker ◽  
G Nandakumar ◽  
Swapna Balkrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Epithelioid Cells ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Epidermal Atrophy ◽  
Multibacillary Leprosy

There are signicant differences in the histopathology of leprosy lesions which is inuenced by the host immune response to Mycobacterium leprae. Objective - To nd the histopathological changes in newly diagnosed multibacillary leprosy(MB) cases registered in the skin department Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram. Method- skin biopsy performed in 40 multibacillary leprosy cases and histopathological ndings were evaluated. 70% showed epidermal atrophy. Granulomas, composed of sheets of foamy macro Results- phages, lymphocytes and epithelioid cells, were seen in 21 cases & twenty two cases were AFB positive. Eight cases each were lepromatous, borderline tuberculoid, mid boderline, borderline lepromatous types. Conclusion- Presence of 60% cases of borderline leprosy indicates the unstable immune response in leprosy patients. Majority were either borderline lepromatous or lepromatous showing the infective nature of multibacillary leprosy. Histopathological examination with Fite- Foroco staining is a crucial method and the gold standard for accurate diagnosis and typing of leprosy.

scholarly journals Neuropathic pain in people treated for multibacillary leprosy more than ten years previously

2008 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Saunderson ◽  
Elizabeth Bizuneh ◽  
Ruth Leekassa
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Multibacillary Leprosy

scholarly journals Anti-ceramide antibodies in leprosy: marker for nerve damage?

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (06) ◽  
pp. 378-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalpana Singh ◽  
Bhawna Singh ◽  
Prakash Ray
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Serum Marker ◽  
Nerve Damage ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Multibacillary Leprosy

Background: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease primarily affecting the peripheral nervous system and skin. Multibacillary leprosy is associated with nerve damage which could contribute to myelin alteration. As ceramide is a constituent of myelin sheath, the present study aimed to compare anti-ceramide antibody titre in paucibacillary and multibacillary leprosy patients with controls. Methodology: Serum levels of anti-ceramide antibody were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) in 50 leprosy patients (25 paucibacillary and 25 multibacillary) and 25 healthy controls. Results were reported in OD units as mean ± SD and analyzed by Chi square test (significance at p < 0.05). Results: Patients suffering from multibacillary leprosy had significantly higher anti-ceramide antibody serum levels compared to paucibacillary leprosy patients and healthy controls (p < 0.005). Conclusions: Since nerve damage is the most debilitating effect of leprosy, the search for a serum marker for assessing nerve damage is required in countries where leprosy is still widespread. In multibacillary leprosy patients, the role of anti-ceramide antibody as a marker for nerve damage should be explored.

Analysis of the Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and Annexin A1 in Multibacillary Leprosy and Reactional Episodes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amilcar Sabino Damazo ◽  
Stephanni Figueiredo da Silva ◽  
Leticia Rossetto da Silva Cavalcante ◽  
Ezequiel Angelo Fonseca Junior ◽  
Joselina Maria da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Suppressor Cell ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Annexin A1 ◽  
Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells ◽  
Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cell ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Multibacillary Leprosy

Abstract Background: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Patients have distinct clinical forms, and host´s immunological response regulate those manifestations. In this work, the presence of the myeloid-derived suppressor cell and the regulatory protein annexin A1 is described in patients with multibacillary leprosy and with type 1 and 2 reactions. Methods: Patients were submitted to skin biopsy for histopathological analysis to obtain bacilloscopic index. Immunofluorescence was used to detect myeloid-derived suppressor cells and annexin A1.Results: The data demonstrated that the presence of granulocytic and monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells in leprosy patients. The high number of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells were observed in lepromatous leprosy and type 2 reactional patients with Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccination scar. The presence of annexin A1 was observed in all myeloid-derived suppressor cells. In particularly, the monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell in the lepromatous patients has higher levels of this protein when compared to the reactional patients. This data suggest that the higher expression of this protein may be related to regulatory response against a severe infection, contributing to anergic response. In type 1 reactional patients, the expression of annexin A1 was reduced. Conclusions: Myeloid-derived suppressor cell are present in leprosy patients and annexin A1 might be regulated the host response against Mycobacterium leprae.

Trichoscopic findings of eyebrow alopecia in patients with multibacillary leprosy

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. e105-e107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Doche ◽  
Antonella Tosti ◽  
Cyro F. Neto ◽  
Maria Ângela B. Trindade ◽  
Maria Cecília M. Rivitti‐Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multibacillary Leprosy

scholarly journals Retrospective analysis of prescriptions in the management of lepra reactions: Results of a single center study from tertiary hospital in Maharashtra

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Madhuri Kulkarni ◽  
Anant Patil ◽  
Siddharth Aathawale
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Antimicrobial Agent ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Single Center Study ◽  
Multibacillary Leprosy ◽  
Center Study

Objective: To examine pattern of lepra reaction andmedicines used in the treatment of lepra reactions in a tertiary hospital. Material methods: In this retrospective study, prescriptions of patients treated for the lepra reactions were reviewed to find out prevalence of type 1 and type 2 reactions and medicines used in the treatment of lepra reactions. Results:A total of66 patients (male 59.1%; female 40.9%) with mean age of 36.6 (+13.1) years were included in the study. Multibacillary leprosy was present in 93.7% patients.  A total of 39 (60%) patients had type 2 reaction whereas 26 (40%) had type 1 reaction. Mean number of medicines per patients was 7.5. Prednisolone was used in 62 (93.9%) patients with mean duration of 33.32 (+33.2) days whereas chloroquine was used in 52 (78.8%) patients for 36.6 (+27.9) days. Thalidomide was used in 25 (37.9%) patients. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory and anti-acidity drugs were used in 63 (95.4%) patients each whereas paracetamol was given to 41 (62.1%) patients. Antihistamine, antimicrobial agent and vitamins were given to 27 (40.9%), 27 (40.9%) and 35 (53.0%) patients respectively. Conclusion:Lepra 2 reaction is more common than lepra 1 reaction.  Prednisolone and chloroquine are the two most commonly used medicines in the treatment of lepra reaction. Similarly, thalidomide, older drug has emerged as common treatment for lepra reaction.

scholarly journals Rational Design and Evaluation of a Multiepitope Chimeric Fusion Protein with the Potential for Leprosy Diagnosis

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm S. Duthie ◽  
Marah N. Hay ◽  
Cecile Z. Morales ◽  
Lauren Carter ◽  
Raodoh Mohamath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusion Protein ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Antibody Binding ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Fusion Construct ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Good Ability ◽  
Multibacillary Leprosy

ABSTRACT Despite the reduction in the number of leprosy cases registered worldwide as a result of the widespread use of multidrug therapy, the number of new cases detected each year remains stable in many countries. This indicates that Mycobacterium leprae, the causative agent of leprosy, is still being transmitted and that, without an earlier diagnosis, transmission will continue and infection will remain a health problem. The current means of diagnosis of leprosy is based on the appearance of clinical symptoms, which in many cases occur after significant and irreversible nerve damage has occurred. Our recent work identified several recombinant antigens that are specifically recognized by leprosy patients. The goal of the present study was to produce and validate the reactivity of a chimeric fusion protein that possesses the antibody binding properties of several of these proteins. The availability of such a chimeric fusion protein will simplify future test development and reduce production costs. We first identified the antibody binding regions within our top five antigen candidates by performing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays with overlapping peptides representing the amino acid sequences of each protein. Having identified these regions, we generated a fusion construct of these components (protein advances diagnostic of leprosy [PADL]) and demonstrated that the PADL protein retains the antibody reactivity of the component antigens. PADL was able to complement a protein that we previously produced (the leprosy IDRI [Infectious Disease Research Institute] diagnostic 1 [LID-1] protein) to permit the improved diagnosis of multibacillary leprosy and that had a good ability to discriminate patients with multibacillary leprosy from control individuals. A serological diagnostic test consisting of these antigens could be applied within leprosy control programs to reduce transmission and to limit the appearance of leprosy-associated disabilities and stigmatizing deformities by directing treatment.

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