scholarly journals Safety and efficacy of interleukin inhibitors in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and psoriatic arthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-119
Author(s):  
Jasmina Đuretić ◽  
Biljana Bufan
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Susceptibility To Infection ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Interleukin Inhibitors ◽  
Efficient Option

Elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis encompass those with elderly-onset disease, over 60 years of age, but also those with earlier disease onset who entered old age. Considering the age-related changes of the immune system, possible frailty, susceptibility to infection and concomitant comorbidity that implies multiple medicines, the treatment of these diseases in elderly patients can be challenging. Interleukin inhibitors have been shown to be an efficient and safe treatment for these diseases. However, elderly patients with these diseases were often included in the pivotal clinical trials for interleukin inhibitors in numbers insufficient to determine whether they responded differently from younger subjects. The aim of this paper was to review the findings on the efficacy and safety of interleukin inhibitor treatment in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and psoriatic arthritis. The findings suggest that, for all the interleukin inhibitors reviewed herein, used in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis, or with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, the efficacy was comparable to younger patients. Furthermore, the incidence of reported adverse events was similar in these two age groups. Severe adverse events, which were related to sarilumab treatment for rheumatoid arthritis and secukinumab treatment for psoriasis, were higher in elderly patients. The reviewed findings suggest that the interleukin inhibitors approved and currently in use in clinical practice for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and psoriatic arthritis can be considered a safe and efficient option for these diseases in elderly patients.

scholarly journals Adverse events of special interest in clinical trials of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ulcerative colitis and psoriasis with 37 066 patient-years of tofacitinib exposure

RMD Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. e001595
Author(s):  
Gerd R Burmester ◽  
Peter Nash ◽  
Bruce E Sands ◽  
Kim Papp ◽  
Lori Stockert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Study Data ◽  
System Organ Class

ObjectivesTo analyse adverse events (AEs) of special interest across tofacitinib clinical programmes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), ulcerative colitis (UC) and psoriasis (PsO), and to determine whether the incidence rates (IRs; unique patients with events per 100 patient-years) of these events are consistent across diseases.MethodsThe analysis included data from patients exposed to ≥1 dose of tofacitinib in phase 1, 2, 3 or 3b/4 clinical trials and long-term extension (LTE) studies (38 trials) in RA (23 trials), PsA (3 trials), UC (5 trials) and PsO (7 trials). All studies were completed by or before July 2019, except for one ongoing UC LTE study (data cut-off May 2019). IRs were obtained for AEs of special interest.Results13 567 patients were included in the analysis (RA: n=7964; PsA: n=783; UC: n=1157; PsO: n=3663), representing 37 066 patient-years of exposure. Maximum duration of exposure was 10.5 years (RA). AEs within the ‘infections and infestations’ System Organ Class were the most common in all diseases. Among AEs of special interest, IRs were highest for herpes zoster (non-serious and serious; 3.6, 1.8, 3.5 and 2.4 for RA, PsA, UC and PsO, respectively) and serious infections (2.5, 1.2, 1.7 and 1.3 for RA, PsA, UC and PsO, respectively). Age-adjusted and sex-adjusted mortality ratios (weighted for country) were ≤0.2 across cohorts.ConclusionsThe tofacitinib safety profile in this analysis was generally consistent across diseases and with longer term follow-up compared with previous analyses.

Optimizing Antiepileptic Drug Therapy in the Elderly

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 1852-1860 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R Garnett
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Complex Partial Seizures ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Epilepsy In The Elderly ◽  
Clonic Seizures

OBJECTIVE To review and evaluate the medical literature concerning antiepileptic drug (AED) therapy in elderly patients. DATA SOURCES A MEDLINE search (1982–December 2004) was conducted. Bibliographies of the articles identified were also reviewed, and an Internet search engine was used to identify additional pertinent references. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION Clinical studies and reviews were evaluated, and relevant information was included. DATA SYNTHESIS The elderly have the highest incidence of seizures among all age groups. Complex partial seizures are the most common, followed by primary generalized tonic–clonic seizures. An accurate diagnosis may prove difficult because of a low suspicion of epilepsy in the elderly and other diseases that may mimic seizures. Most AEDs are approved for treatment of elderly patients who have partial and tonic–clonic seizures. However, a number of age-related variables should be addressed when selecting an appropriate AED. Age-dependent differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of AEDs must be taken into account. Drug–drug interactions must be considered since elderly people often take multiple medications. The ultimate factor that often determines AED selection is tolerability. CONCLUSIONS Numerous factors must be considered in treating elderly patients for seizures, but maximizing the ability of patients to tolerate drug therapy is often the basis for AED selection. Special consideration should be made along several lines, including elderly patients’ cognitive functioning and their tendency to respond to lower AED concentrations.

scholarly journals Adverse Events in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis and Psoriatic Arthritis Receiving Long-Term Biological Agents in a Real-Life Setting

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayara Costa de Camargo ◽  
Bruna Cipriano Almeida Barros ◽  
Izabela Fulone ◽  
Marcus Tolentino Silva ◽  
Miriam Sanches do Nascimento Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Biological Agents ◽  
Real Life Setting

THU0172 Adverse Events to Biologic Agents in Elderly Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Cohort with 13 Years of Follow-up: Table 1

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (Suppl 2) ◽  
pp. 256.2-256
Author(s):  
Z. Rosales Rosado ◽  
D. Freites Núñez ◽  
A. Gόmez Gόmez ◽  
L. Arietti Lόpez ◽  
P. Macarrόn Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Biologic Agents ◽  
Rheumatoid Arthritis Cohort

Safety of Biologic Agents in Elderly Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 1984-1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsuko Murota ◽  
Yuko Kaneko ◽  
Kunihiro Yamaoka ◽  
Tsutomu Takeuchi
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Pulmonary Complications ◽  
Biologic Agents ◽  
Treatment Withdrawal ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Objective.To clarify the safety of biologics in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Methods.Biologics were analyzed for safety in relation to age in 309 patients.Results.Young (< 65 yrs old, n = 174), elderly (65–74 yrs old, n = 86), and older elderly patients (≥ 75 yrs old, n = 49) were enrolled. Although the incidence of adverse events causing treatment withdrawal was significantly higher in elderly and old elderly compared with young patients, no difference was found between elderly and older elderly patients. Pulmonary complications were independent risk factors.Conclusion.Old patients require special attention, although the safety of biologics in those ≥ 75 years old and 65–74 was comparable.

scholarly journals Active Rheumatoid Arthritis in Central Africa: A Comparative Study Between Sudan and Sweden

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 1777-1786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir I. Elshafie ◽  
Abdalla D. Elkhalifa ◽  
Sahwa Elbagir ◽  
Mawahib I.E. Aledrissy ◽  
Elnour M. Elagib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
American College Of Rheumatology ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Higher Doses

Objective.To compare clinical characteristics and treatment between simultaneously investigated Sudanese and Swedish outpatients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods.Outpatients with RA from Sudan (n = 281) and Sweden (n = 542) diagnosed according to the 1987 American College of Rheumatology criteria were recruited between December 2008 and September 2010 and compared concerning clinical presentation, treatment, and laboratory findings, including immunoglobulin M with rheumatoid factor (IgM-RF).Results.Sudanese patients had lower inclusion age (median 49 vs 68 yrs), disease duration (48 vs 107 mos), and disease onset age (43 vs 56 yrs) as compared with Swedish patients (p < 0.0001 for all). When stratified concerning the age of inclusion, Swedish patients between 41–50 years had, however, a significantly lower age of onset, with a similar trend for all age groups above 30 years. The female preponderance was higher among Sudanese patients (89.3% vs 72.5%, p < 0.0001), and smoking was nonexistent among Sudanese female patients (p < 0.0001). Erythrocyte sedimentation rate levels and number of tender joints were significantly higher among Sudanese patients. The proportion of IgM-RF positivity was lower among Sudanese patients with RA (52.4% vs 75.5%, p < 0.0001). Higher proportions of Sudanese patients with RA were treated with methotrexate (MTX) and disease-modifying antirheumatic drug combinations, but none of them used biologics. Sudanese patients used lower doses of MTX and sulfasalazine (p < 0.0001) and higher doses of prednisolone (p < 0.0001) than Swedish patients.Conclusion.Sudanese patients with RA have significantly higher disease activity and are often IgM-RF–seronegative. Together with reports from Uganda and Cameroon, our data indicate a cluster of highly active and often seronegative RA in central Africa.

Vasculitis

2016 ◽  
pp. 839-848
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Koster ◽  
Kenneth J. Warrington
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Joint Destruction ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Reiter Syndrome

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease characterized by joint destruction. It affects 0.03% to 1.5% of the population worldwide. Women are affected 3 times more frequently than men. Its incidence peaks between the ages of 35 and 45 years; however, the age-related prevalence of the disease increases even after age 65 years. Conditions in the spondyloarthritis spectrum include ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis (Reiter syndrome), arthritis related to inflammatory bowel disease, and psoriatic arthritis.

Phenotype and treatment of elderly onset compared to younger onset rheumatoid arthritis patients in international daily practice

Rheumatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna M Maassen ◽  
Sytske Anne Bergstra ◽  
Arvind Chopra ◽  
Nimmisha Govind ◽  
Elizabeth A Murphy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Initial Treatment ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
International Study ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Age Group

Abstract Objective To identify possible differences in baseline characteristics, initial treatment and treatment response between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patient subgroups based on age at disease onset. Methods Daily practice data from the worldwide METEOR registry were used. Patients (7,912) were stratified into three age-groups (age at disease diagnosis &lt;45 years; 45-65 years; &gt;65 years). Initial treatment was compared between the different age-groups. With Cox regression analyses the effect of age-group on time-to-switch from first to second treatment was investigated, and with linear mixed models differences in response to treatment (DAS and HAQ) between the age-groups were assessed, after correction for potential confounders. Results The &gt;65 years age-group included more men, more seronegative RA with somewhat higher inflammatory markers. Initial treatment choices differed only slightly between the age-groups, and the time-to-switch from initial treatment to the next was similar. DAS and HAQ improvement were dependent on the age-group, reflected by a significant interaction between age-group and outcome. The stratified analysis showed a difference of -0.02 and -0.05 DAS points and, -0.01 and 0.02, HAQ points per month in the &lt;45y and 45-65y age-groups as compared to the &gt;65y age group. A difference that did not seem clinically relevant. Conclusion In this international study on worldwide clinical practice, patients with RA onset &gt;65 years include more men and seronegative arthritis, and were initially treated slightly different than younger patients. We observed no clinically relevant differences in timing of a next treatment step, or response to treatment measured by DAS and HAQ.

scholarly journals Secondary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapy: value in octogenarians

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Hauck ◽  
Andreas Schober ◽  
Alexander Schober ◽  
Sabine Fredersdorf-Hahn ◽  
Ute Hubauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Icd Implantation ◽  
Icd Therapy ◽  
Cardioverter Defibrillator ◽  
Age Related

Abstract Background Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapy is well established for secondary prevention, but studies on the efficacy and safety in elderly patients are still lacking. This retrospective study compared the outcome after ICD implantation between octogenarians and other age groups. Methods Data were obtained from a local ICD registry. Patients who received ICD implantation for secondary prevention at our department were included. All-cause mortality, appropriate ICD therapy and acute adverse events requiring surgical intervention were compared between different age groups. Results 519 patients were enrolled, 34 of whom were aged ≥ 80 years. During the median follow-up of 35 months after ICD implantation 129 patients (annual mortality rate 5.0%) had died, including 16 patients aged ≥ 80 years (annual mortality rate 9.4%). The mortality rate of patients aged ≥ 80 years was significantly higher than that of patients aged ≤ 69 years (p < 0.001), but similar to that of patients aged 70–79 years. Age at the time of ICD implantation was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality (p < 0.001). 29.7% of patients had appropriate ICD therapy with no difference between age groups. Acute adverse events leading to surgical intervention were low (n = 13) and not age-related. Conclusion Age is an independent predictor of mortality after ICD implantation for secondary prevention. Mortality rates did not differ significantly between octogenarians and other elderly aged 70–79 years. Appropriate ICD therapy and acute adverse events leading to surgical intervention were not age-related. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy for secondary prevention seems to be an effective and safe treatment modality in octogenarians.

Increased risk of immune-related hepatitis among adolescent and young adults (AYAs) with melanoma during immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9584-9584
Author(s):  
Alicia Darwin ◽  
Damon R. Reed ◽  
Tawee Tanvetyanon
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Melanoma Patients ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Elderly Cohort ◽  
Investigational Agents

9584 Background: Melanoma is the second most common malignancy affecting AYA patients after lymphoma. Nevertheless, AYA melanoma does constitute a minority of all melanoma cases. Additionally, the AYA population is not well represented in prospective clinical trials, including immunotherapy trials. While previous research has demonstrated the efficacy of ICIs across age groups, it remains unclear if toxicity profiles will be similar. In the general population, age-related changes in the immune milieu result in differential incidences of autoimmune diseases by age. This study aims to compare the toxicity profile between a cohort of AYA melanoma versus elderly melanoma patients receiving ICI therapy. Methods: In this single NCCN institutional study, electronic medical records of melanoma patients treated with ICIs between 01/2007-01/2019 were reviewed. Subjects receiving concurrent investigational agents or chemotherapy were excluded. The AYA cohort included those aged 15-40 years. The elderly cohort included those aged ≥65 years. Adverse events were coded according to CTC-AE version 5.0. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: Analyses included 184 treatment courses. In the AYA cohort (N = 57), median age at ICI initiation was 28.8 years (range: 17.9-39.3). In the Elderly cohort (N = 127), median age at ICI initiation was 72.3 years. More AYA patients (28.1% AYA vs. 7.9% Elderly) received ICI combination regimens. The most common adverse events amongst both cohorts were transaminitis (23.4%), rashes (49.5%), and diarrhea/colitis (20%). Incidences of pneumonitis, colitis, hypothyroidism, and hypophysitis did not differ significantly between cohorts. However, the AYA cohort experienced a higher incidence of transaminitis (38.6% AYA vs. 16.5% Elderly, p =0.001 ) and increased occurrence of treatment related hospitalization (26.3% AYA vs. 7.1% Elderly, p <0.001 ). Moreover, a higher proportion of severe grade ≥3 transaminitis occurred in the AYA group (27.3% AYA vs. 9.5% Elderly, p =0.004). While occurrence of transaminitis was significantly associated with combination ICIs, the association between AYA status and transaminitis remained significant after adjusting for ICI regimen (OR 2.75, 95% CI: 1.3-5.8). There was a trend toward shorter time to transaminitis onset among the AYA than Elderly cohort (median 53.0 vs. 74.5 days [non-parametric p= 0.28]). To date, median survival has not been reached in both groups ( p= 0.09). Conclusions: In this large cohort of AYA melanoma patients treated with ICI, we found a significantly higher incidence of immune-related transaminitis than in the Elderly cohort. Other immune-related AEs were comparable between cohorts. This finding was independent of ICI regimen. Further investigation will be needed to understand these differences between the AYA and Elderly cohorts.

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