scholarly journals Dancing in the Danube Gorge: Geography, dance, and interethnic perspectives

New Sound ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 117-129
Author(s):  
Selena Rakočević
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Political Context ◽  
The State ◽  
Contemporary Dance ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Culture Area ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Boundary ◽  
Summer Time

This paper will look at dance practices of Romanian and Serbian villagers along the Danube Gorge which historically functioned as a natural and political boundary. Opportunities for dancing in all villages in the Gorge are still very common and frequented especially during the summer time. Based on my field research, carried out since 2011, the paper examines the contemporary dance practice of this region. My methodological orientation will be based on the ethnochoreological investigation of diverse repertoires, but also diverse dance structures as "predictable" dance texts designated during previous times as Romanian or Serbian, which are interpolated by the villagers. The notion of geographical place considered in the sense of a distinct "culture area", which, according to Bruno Nettl is grounded in the history of ethnomusicology, but also ethnochoreology, will be challenged by applying Martin Stokes' concept of (geographical) place as a social construction which involves notions of difference and social boundary. The following question will be raised: In what way does contemporary village dancing in the Danube Gorge correspond to the idea of establishing Romanian society as a part of the New Europe? In what way does the current (re)positioning of this historically and geographically distinct territory influence its contemporary dance practice? How is the concept of the ethnic dance (Romanian and Serbian) recognized both by insiders (villagers) and outsiders (the State institutions and scholars) and does this correspond to the new social and political context of contemporary Romanian society?

scholarly journals TRANSFORMATIONS IN COMMUNITY ASSOCIATIONS AND POLITICAL PROCESSES IN A RIO DE JANEIRO “FAVELA”

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Livia De Tommasi ◽  
Dafne Jazmin Velazco
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Field Research ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
Critical Events ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Community Associations ◽  
External Agents ◽  
History Of

Abstract The result of field research conducted in a Rio de Janeiro favela, the article discusses transformations in the organization of community associations. In particular, it describes the weakening of local associations that are traditionally regarded as representative of the community and the rise of new forms of association, indicating their distinctive characteristics in terms of relations with external agents (from the state and other spheres) and forms of organization and action. We place these processes in a long timeframe, prior to the installation of the Police Pacification Units in 2009 and to the following entrance of new state and private agents. We review critical events in the history of the local political organization, to discuss the multiple assemblages that affect the organization of the favela residents.

scholarly journals ARCHIVE DOCUMENTS ON THE HISTORY OF THE VORONEZH FOREST MANAGEMENT (XIX - THE BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-144
Author(s):  
Elena Semenova
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Information Richness ◽  
Conflicting Information ◽  
Voronezh Region ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Provincial Administration

The article discusses the source base of the research on the history of forestry in the Voronezh province in the 19th - early 20th centuries. These are mainly archival materials stored in the State Archive of the Voronezh Region. A list of the main archival funds with a brief description of their contents is given. The analysis of the information richness of these materials and the possibility of their use in studying the history of forestry in the Voronezh province is given. The article also provides data on the history of state institutions engaged in forestry in the Voronezh province - the Voronezh chamber of state property, the provincial administration of state property, the provincial administration of agriculture and state property, the Forest Protection Committee. The characteristic of archival materials related to their history is given. The article also provides data on archival materials related to the activities of individual forestries of the Voronezh province, and their characteristics. A concrete example is given of how archival documents from central and local authorities provide conflicting information. Based on a review of the documents stored in the collections of the State Archive of the Voronezh Region, the author concludes about the richness and variety of archival materials on the history of forestry in the Voronezh province in the 19th and early 20th centuries.

Studying the History of the State Control in the Russian Empire During the Period of the Duma Monarchy

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Ziqiu Chen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
State Control ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Imperial Period ◽  
Russian State ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Council Of Ministers

After the establishment of constitutional monarchy in Russia as a result of the 1905–1906 reforms, the position of the Russian State Control (imperial audit service) changed. Formerly relatively independent, the State Control, whose head was directly accountable to the Emperor, now found itself in the united government, i.e. the Council of Ministers. The undermined independence of the State Control provoked a wide public discussion, which involved Duma deputies, employees of the State Control as well as competent Russian economists and financial experts, who made relevant recommendations calling for reducing the number of state institutions that were unaccountable to the audit service and giving the latter more independence. This paper analyses the key works of pre-revolutionary authors published in the early 20th century and devoted to the history of the State Control of the Russian Empire. Both in the imperial period and today, the Russian audit institution, in contrast with political, historical and military topics, has been of primary interest not to historians, but to economists, financiers and lawyers, since it requires special knowledge of the State Control’s technical mechanisms. Based on this, the author selected the following works that require thorough examination: How People’s Money Is Spent in Russia by I.Kh. Ozerov, On the Transformation of the State Control by Yu.V. Tansky, an official anniversary edition State Control. 1811–1911, and Essays on the Russian Budget Law. Part 1 by L.N. Yasnopolsky. The author of this article considers these works to be the highest quality studies on the Russian State Control at the beginning of the 20th century and their analysis to be of unquestionable importance for contemporary research into the history of the Russian audit institution.

The Importance of Collective Control

2019 ◽  
pp. 39-56
Author(s):  
Anna Coote
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Field Research ◽  
The State ◽  
State Control ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Equal Footing ◽  
Human Survival ◽  
Collective Control ◽  
The Commons

Attempts at improving state-citizen cooperation will fail unless the protagonists ensure that citizens share control over the process with their counterparts in the state on a genuinely equal footing. This chapter focuses on collective control and the pivotal importance of confidence – the perception that it is possible to influence decisions and make things happen, or prevent things happening – for the benefit of the community. Drawing on published findings as well as the New Economics Foundation’s own field research, it considers how systems in state institutions can be geared to build the confidence and capacity of citizens to collaborate constructively with public sector policy makers. The second part of the chapter examines collective control and state-citizen co-operation in relation to ‘the commons’: resources that are essential for human survival and flourishing. It shows how the ‘commoning’ movement will help to test the limits of both citizen and state control, as well as the potential of state-citizen cooperation.

The Simultaneity of Compliance and Resistance (既顺从又抗爭：佛教、虛雲與五十年代的中共政权)

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-246
Author(s):  
Hung-yok Ip
Keyword(s):  
Political Context ◽  
The State ◽  
Spiritual Practice ◽  
Modern China ◽  
Communist Regime ◽  
Chinese Buddhism ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Chinese Buddhists

To examine the history of Chinese Buddhism in the early Communist regime, I propose to study Xuyun (虛雲, 1840–1958), one of the pre-eminent monks in modern China. I will delineate the ways in which Xuyun brought his religion in line with Marxist politics. To help Buddhism secure a place in the early People’s Republic of China, he took part in the construction of a new Buddhism compatible with socialist ideology. However, I would venture to conceptualize as resistance some of Xuyun’s efforts to preserve Buddhism. This article examines his resistance at two levels. First, while working hard to prove the value of Buddhism to the state, Xuyun mounted what can be regarded as rightful resistance. When possible, he confronted policies and authorities that hurt the sangha, but did so without challenging the legitimacy of theccp. Second, in the 1950s, Xuyun strove to instruct Chinese Buddhists in self-cultivation. As he shared his experience and knowledge about spiritual practice with fellow Buddhists, he showed them, especially monastics, how to uphold Buddhist ideals in a political context marked by hostility towards religions.為了探究五十年代中共政權下的佛教歷史，本文探討現代中國最傑出的法師之一，虛雲法師 (1840–1958) 如何調整自己的宗教来適應馬克思主義政權。為了使佛教能夠在新中國成立之初生存，虛雲法師參與了構建與社會主義意識形態相適應的新佛教。但是，本文進一步嘗試把虛雲法師保存佛教的一些努力定義為抗爭，細究他在如下兩個方面的反抗：首先，在向國家證明佛教價值的同時，虛雲始終在正當性的名義下進行抗爭。在不挑戰中共政權合法性的前提下，他試圖抵抗對僧團不利的政策和政治權威。其次，虛雲法師在50年代堅持延續佛教、特别是禪宗的修行傳統。他希望佛門弟子，尤其是僧人，能在反宗教的政治氣候下繼續延續佛教的理念—这，對虛雲而言，是更重要的抗爭。

scholarly journals ‘Traditional Authorities’ and Community Rights in Contemporary Mozambique: between Activism and Incorporation

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Battista Martino
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
The State ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Discursive Strategies ◽  
Globalized Economy ◽  
Traditional Authorities ◽  
Ongoing Programme

Mozambique’s donor-inspired ongoing programme of ‘traditional authorities’ ‘(re-)integration’ carries considerable emancipatory potential for local communities in their relations with central political institutions and the globalized economy. By analysing ‘traditional authorities’’ specifically elaborated discourse and highlighting their agency within the dynamics emerging from state institutions’ attempts at ‘incorporating’ them in the sense indicated by Zenker and Hoehne, that is, to deny them all political auton-omy, this article aims to clarify ‘traditional’ leaders’ role in defending their own com-munities’ interests and rights vis-à-vis the state, private enterprises, and development actors/donors. Close examination of empirical data collected during field research in Inhambane province provides convincing evidence of traditional authorities’ general inability to develop effective discursive strategies for the representation and defence of their communities’ interests and rights. By choosing to retreat within the domain of spirituality and to cede much of their statutory prerogatives to more dynamic and bet-ter resourced actors, ‘traditional authorities’ end up accepting their ‘incorporation’ into the institutional structure of the state as merely symbolic objects and sources of inter-nal as well as international legitimacy, thus obliterating their role as natural repre-sentatives of their communities.

scholarly journals Arbitrary States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Tapscott
Keyword(s):  
Political Action ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Authoritarian Regime ◽  
The State ◽  
Democratic Process ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Arbitrary Power ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Sub Saharan

In recent years, scholars of authoritarianism have noted a trend in which institutions designed to check arbitrary power have been hollowed out to facilitate its exercise. As they grapple with how to understand the disjunct between state institutions and enforcement power, scholars of sub-Saharan African states have been doing so for decades. Based on in-depth field research on local security in Museveni’s Uganda, Tapscott offers an innovative and provocative contribution to studies of authoritarianism and state consolidation: rulers maintain control by creating unpredictability in the everyday lives of local authorities and ordinary citizens. In this type of modern authoritarian regime, rulers institutionalize arbitrariness to limit the space for political action, while they keep citizens marginally engaged in the democratic process. By showing not just that unpredictability matters for governance, but also how it is manufactured and sustained, this book challenges and extends cutting-edge scholarship on authoritarianism, the state, and governance.

scholarly journals Statistics in Serbia

2004 ◽  
pp. 225-252
Author(s):  
Miodrag Nikolic
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Social Development ◽  
The State ◽  
World War ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Preparatory Period ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Types Of Information

From 1804 and the liberation from the foreign rule, Serbia tried to build a state of the European type. These efforts are indicated by the creation of numerous institutions which include statistics, too. Statistics offers testimonies about states and societies, representing them to the domestic and world public. It does so by collecting data about the territory and population, economy and culture of a country. The collected data are processed and published. Thus the politicians, scientists, businessmen and broad public acquire insights useful for the implementation of their activities and for a better understanding of the environment in which they work. Even before The First Serbian Uprising there were state institutions in the territory of the then Serbia. For the needs of that administration certain counts were made. But it was the work of foreign empires. Only the statistics created for the needs of Serbia?s own Principality, later Kingdom belongs to the history of Serbian statehood. That is why the national uprising begun in 1804 marks its justified historical start, and World War II was a logical moment for the end of this review. Understanding the development of the statistic service requires at least two types of information. First, it is useful to bear in mind those factors of social development which imposed the need for statistics in Serbia. The second set of remarks is related to the fact that Serbia at the time took the example of the statistical services in the more developed part of the world. Remarks about the stimuli from these two sources given in this text are only a reminder of the obligation to carry out still unfinished essential studies of the past. There were statistic reaserches in Serbia even before the foundation of the statistics service. Everything done in this area before 1862 belongs to the pioneering attempts, to the preparatory period, to prehistory. However, precisely these first endeavours clearly reveal governmental reasons for which statistics was created. That is why the statistics endeavours even before the establishment of the state statistics service also deserve attention.

scholarly journals Ethiopian Manuscripts in the State and Private Collections of St Petersburg: An Overview

Aethiopica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 109-127
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Gusarova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
Short History ◽  
African Art ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Manuscript Collections ◽  
Private Collections ◽  
History Of Formation

For more than two centuries St Petersburg, the capital of the former Russian Empire, has been famous for its collections of Ethiopian manuscripts, objects of art and documents concerning Ethiopian history. They are concentrated in three state institutions and in several private collections of African art. This article provides a short history of formation of Ethiopian manuscript collections of Russia and describes the process of their description and study. Some interesting and unpublished items were generally describedand their miniatures published.

scholarly journals Cycles of nationalisation and privatisation, and the role of the state in Ireland

2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annamária Artner
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Partnership ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
The People ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bad Assets

The article examines how the roles of state institutions and state owned enterprises have been changed in Ireland since its independence, with special regard to the role of state ownership and crisis management. The history of planning and social partnership, the courses of nationalisation and privatisation and the problem of damaging the state are discussed as well. The author concludes that the crisis has not resulted in the strengthening of the developmental or welfare role of the state, the evolution of a “developmental welfare state” has become less likely in Ireland in the course of crisis management. Another lesson is that the state can manage certain bad assets of the private sector in a way that yields a profit to the public. There are other costs of the crisis management, however, which are to be paid by the people and result in a decrease of state ownership and a shrinking of the welfare systems.

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