scholarly journals Evaluation of respiratory activity of albic luvisol contaminated by zinc and nickel during spring rapeseed cultivation

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 68-71
Author(s):  
Miljan Samardžić ◽  
Irina Andreeva ◽  
Zoran Galić ◽  
Jovica Vasin
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Respiratory Activity ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Urban Ecosystems ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Almost All

In almost all industrially developed regions of the Russian Federation, the soil is contaminated with heavy metals (HM) often in concentrations which exceed limits of safety. This contamination causes degradation of agricultural land, which underlines the importance of the complex continuous monitoring of the dynamics of on-going changes in urban ecosystems against the background of natural processes. Quantitative assessment of the environmental sustainability of the soil according to the biological indicators of its condition is of enormous importance, in particular the balance of microbial carbon in soils, which are under varying degrees of anthropogenic pressure. Experiments were carried out to determine the phytoremediation potential of the spring rapeseed plants on soil contaminated with heavy metals. The aim of the study was to assess the respiratory activity of albic luvisol at different levels of its contamination with zinc and nickel under the conditions of a growing experiment with spring rapeseed plants. The experimental data on the respiratory activity of soil artificially contaminated with zinc and nickel in the dose range of 400-800 and 30-60 mg kg-1 of soil respectively, showed that microbial activity had a strong positive correlation with the presence of spring rapeseed plants in the vessels and weak correlation on the presence of toxic elements in the soil. According to the respiratory activity of albic luvisol, it was found that in the first 13 days of vegetation, cultivation of spring rapeseed plants had a positive effect on the sustainability of soil microbiocenosis to complex pollution with zinc and nickel.

scholarly journals The analysis of functional significance of the urban plantings in Vladivostok landscape structure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н.С. ШИХОВА
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Functional Significance ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Urban Ecosystems ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Integral Assessment

Обобщены результаты многолетнего мониторинга зеленых насаждений Владивостока. Были обследованы растительность и почвы всех городских парков, большинства скверов, старых садов-скверов, аллейных и рядовых посадок, 34 насаждений внутриквартального озеленения в разных районах города, 6 внутригородских рекреационных лесов. Дана качественная и количественная характеристика зеленых насаждений и озелененных городских территорий различного функционального назначения по комплексу эколого-биологических показателей. Сравниваются видовой состав арборифлоры, виталитет древостоя, качество почвенного покрова, интенсивность накопления тяжелых металлов почвами и растениями, а также напряженность антропогенно-техногенного пресса. Основной целью работы являлись системный анализ состояния зеленых насаждений и методическое обоснование интегральной оценки их функциональной значимости в системе городского озеленения. Была разработана оригинальная методика, в основу которой положен введенный автором сводный показатель – индекс функционального статуса насаждений. На его основе выполнена сравнительная оценка функциональной эффективности городских зеленых насаждений разного назначения. Установлен высокий функциональный статус рядовых посадок и скверов, обусловленный преимущественно активной трансформацией почвами и растениями тяжелых металлов. В 1,5 раза ниже этот показатель для внутригородских рекреационных лесов как следствие их бедного видового состава и низкого жизненного состояния древостоя, а также слабого накопления тяжелых металлов почвами и растениями. Результаты исследований могут служить научно-методической базой при разработке устойчивой структуры городского озеленения и организации рациональной системы мониторинга урбоэкосистем. The article compiles the results of long-term monitoring of green plantings in Vladivostok city. The vegetation and soils of all city parks, most of squares, old gardens, alleys and ordinary plantings, 34 intra-quarter plantings in different parts of the city, 6 urban recreational forests were examined. The qualitative and quantitative characteristics of greenery and urban green areas of various functional purposes are given for a set of ecological and biological indicators. The species composition of arboriflora, the vitality of the stand, the quality of the soil cover, the intensity of accumulation of heavy metals by soils and plants, and the intensity of the anthropogenic-technogenic press are compared. The main purpose of the work was a systematic analysis of the state of green spaces and a methodological substantiation of the integral assessment of their functional significance in the urban greening system. An original methods was developed based on the summary indicator introduced by the author – the “functional status index (IFS) of plantings”. A comparative assessment of the functional effectiveness of urban plantings of various town planning function has been made on the basis of such index. The increased functional status of ordinary plantings and squares, caused mainly by the active transformation of heavy metals by soils and plants, was installed. This index is 1.5 times lower for intra-urban recreational forests and was the result of a few species composition, low vitality of woody species and poor accumulation of heavy metals by soils and plants. The results of this research may serve as a scientific-methodological basis to creation of stability town plantings structure and organize the rational monitoring system of urban ecosystems.

Assessment of the general ecological situation of land resources of the administrative-territorial units (at the example of the Kamianka-Buzka district of Lviv region)

2019 ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Petro Voytkiv ◽  
Stepan Kravtsiv ◽  
Volodymyr Mykhalets
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Pressure Level ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Ecological Situation ◽  
Study Materials ◽  
Ecological Problems ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Deep Crisis

Balanced and rational use of land resources, efficient reproduction of degraded lands, restoration of soils’ fertility and providing of resources-environmental security of human activity on this basis belong to priority issues nowadays. It is caused by the fact that almost all land resources of Ukraine are in deep crisis, the country faced grand losses and the health of the country’s population is in danger. Extensive use of Ukrainian lands causes great economic, social and environmental losses. Irrational use and increasing of anthropogenic pressure level on the environment cause significant changes of its ecological state. Therefore, conducting an assessment of the total ecological situation of land resources in the Kamianka-Buzka district indicates the relevance of the work. In the course of the study, materials from the form 6-earth and stock materials of land resources department in the Kamianka-Buzka district of Lviv region were used. The structure of land fund in the Kamianka-Buzka district of Lviv region has been analyzed by categories of its use and intended purpose. The basic ecological problems of the condition and violations in the use of land resources of the district are discovered, and also measures for their effective use are proposed. Сoefficient of environmental sustainability, the destabilization factor and the total ecological situation of land resources are calculated. On the basis of these calculations an estimation of the total ecological situation of land resources on territories by administrative formations within the limits of Kamianka-Buzka district of the Lviv region is carried out.

scholarly journals Assessment of ecological comfort of soils of urban ecosystems under the influence of heavy metals on them

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-218
Author(s):  
Nikolay P. Nevedrov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Ecosystems ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Functional Zones ◽  
Human Habitation ◽  
Key Sites

Assessment of the ecological state of environmental components in urban areas plays an important role in achieving environmental safety and environmental comfort for human habitation and economic activities. A comprehensive index of ecological comfort of soils polluted by heavy metals is presented and tested. The index is calculated by the ratio of the total impact of heavy metals (HM) on soils, plants, and soil biota to the sum of indicators of environmental sustainability of soils to this effect and the ability of soils to prevent HM pollution in nearby territories. The scale for ecological regulation and ecological comfort of urban ecosystem soils is proposed. It was noted that 42.8% of the soils of the studied key sites located in the sanitary-protective and recreational zones are environmentally comfortable, while 57.2% of the soils of the industrial, residential and sanitary-protective functional zones of the city are not considered to be ecologically comfortable.

scholarly journals Influence of heavy metals occurrence on respiratory activity of microorganisms in the compost

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 247-254
Author(s):  
Monika Vítězová ◽  
Tomáš Vítěz
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Respiratory Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Maximum Allowable Concentration ◽  
Class I ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Nickel Cobalt ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
High Inhibitory Effect

This work deals with the influence of selected heavy metals, copper, nickel, cobalt, zinc and cadmium on respiratory activity of microorganisms during the composting process. We focused on comparing the respiratory activity of microorganisms in the compost after composting process in the presence of different concentrations of above mentioned metals and the measured results were confronted with the valid Czech standard for industrial composts. The results show that the high inhibitory effect at low concentrations, about 1 mg/dm3, has cobalt, for which the limit concentration is no set by Czech standard. Other heavy metals exhibit an inhibitory effect at concentrations higher than maximum allowable concentration, which is set in Czech standard for compost class I and II, with regard to their application to agricultural land.

The effects of silt fields of Bortnytska aeration station on ecological state of land and water in the adjacent areas

2021 ◽  
pp. 114-128
Author(s):  
M. V. Yatsiuk ◽  
A. M. Shevchenko ◽  
R. P. Bozhenko ◽  
S. M. Lyutnitsky
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Maximum Permissible Concentrations ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Exchangeable Magnesium ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

The article highlights the results of research on assessing the ecological state of the land near the silt fields №1 and №3 of Bortnytska aeration station in the Zolochiv village community of Boryspil district in Kyiv region. The presence of previously recorded increased content of heavy metals in soils compared to the background content, both in terms of their gross content and the content of mobile forms was confirmed within the certain areas near the silt fields. For the elements-pollutants (Zn, Cu, Cr, Pb) at some points within the agricultural land, exceeding the values ​​of their gross content and the content of mobile forms (Zn, Cu) of the maximum permissible concentrations was recorded at 1.1-6.2 and 1.1 -2.6 times, respectively. The average values ​​of heavy metals content for floodplains (settlement) and agricultural land near silt fields indicate their prevailing values ​​for the latter in almost all elements, as well as exceeding the background values ​​and maximum permissible concentrations for the land where silt deposits were previously applied as fertilizers. Within the surveyed areas, soils are classified as unsalted, but the increased content of exchangeable magnesium may adversely affect soil fertility. Increased mineralization and content of ammonium and nitrates in groundwater are observed near silt fields, which is obviously related to the impact of silt water and can lead to deterioration of groundwater quality in the area of ​​their transit and discharge, in particular within the village Gnidyn. The area of ​​land with an extremely dangerous pollution rate in terms of total heavy metal is about 300 hectares, with a dangerous pollution rate is 260 hectares, and the estimated damage from crop failure may be 1.65 million UAH/year and 0.3 million UAH/year respectively. Within the areas adjacent to the silt fields, the condition of soils, water resources, cultivated products and the health of the population should be constantly monitored, especially when using the polluted land for agricultural use or housing.

Being Away from Purun: Women’s Experiences in Peatland Area of Hulu Sungai Utara, South Kalimantan

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Enik Maslahah
Keyword(s):  
Land Management ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Environmental Destruction ◽  
Women’S Experiences ◽  
Women's Experiences ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Area Management

<p>Purun is a typical plant that grow in peatland area that has important functions for people living in peatland area. The availability of purun is now decreasing due to changes in land management and environmental destruction. Almost all of the plantation commodities in the peatlands area, management of peatlands in the forestry, agriculture, plantation and fisheries sectors apply exploitative and pragmatic methods, while ignoring environmental sustainability. Furthermore, environmental damage also occurs due to disasters such as forest and land fires that often occur in peatland areas in Indonesia. One of the damages happen to peatland area is the damage and scarcity of purun. As users and beneficiaries of purun, women become the affected group that face  the impact of peatland destruction. This paper describes the experiences and efforts of women in peatland areas to restore land and restore the existence of purun in their villages.</p><p> </p>

Divergent response of heavy metal bioavailability in soil rhizosphere to agricultural land use change from paddy field to various drylands

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujuan Gao ◽  
Jianli Jia ◽  
Beidou Xi ◽  
Dongyu Cui ◽  
Wenbing Tan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Metal Bioavailability ◽  
Soil Rhizosphere ◽  
Divergent Response

The heavy metal pollution induced by agricultural land use change has attracted great attention. In this study, the divergent response of bioavailability of heavy metals in rhizosphere soil to different...

scholarly journals Optimal Solutions for the Use of Sewage Sludge on Agricultural Lands

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 585
Author(s):  
Catalina Iticescu ◽  
Puiu-Lucian Georgescu ◽  
Maxim Arseni ◽  
Adrian Rosu ◽  
Mihaela Timofti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Optimal Solutions ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In

The use of sewage sludge in agriculture decreases the pressure on landfills. In Romania, massive investments have been made in wastewater treatment stations, which have resulted in the accumulation of important quantities of sewage sludge. The presence of these sewage sludges coincides with large areas of degraded agricultural land. The aim of the present article is to identify the best technological combinations meant to solve these problems simultaneously. Adapting the quality and parameters of the sludge to the specificity of the land solves the possible compatibility problems, thus reducing the impact on the environment. The physico-chemical characteristics of the fermented sludge were monitored and optimal solutions for their treatment were suggested so as to allow that the sludge could be used in agriculture according to the characteristics of the soils. The content of heavy metals in the sewage sludge was closely monitored because the use of sewage sludge as a fertilizer does not allow for any increases in the concentrations of these in soils. The article identifies those agricultural areas which are suitable for the use of sludge, as well as ways of correcting some parameters (e.g., pH), which allow the improvement of soil quality and obtained higher agricultural production.

Impact of metals bioleaching on the nutrient value of biological nutrient removal biosolids

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 175-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdallah Shanableh ◽  
Pushpa Ginige
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Beneficial Use ◽  
Nutrient Value

The biosolids industry in Australia is evolving around the beneficial use of biosolids as a resource. Phosphorus rich biosolids from biological nutrient removal (BNR) facilities are highly desirable for land application. However, the accumulation of toxic heavy metals and industrial organic contaminants may render the biosolids unsuitable for land application. The presence of toxic heavy metals has been identified by Local Authorities in Australia as a major constraint limiting the beneficial use of biosolids. The potential of off-site contamination due to the migration of nutrients is also a major concern especially when applying biosolids to acidic agricultural land. Accordingly, the relevant environment protection and conservation agencies are involved in either developing or finalising guidelines to control the beneficial use of biosolids products. Metals bioleaching is a process achieved through bio-acidification. Bio-acidification of biosolids prior to land application can be used to dissolve and remove a significant fraction of the heavy metals content of the product. However, the process also reduces the nutrients content of the resource. Bio-acidification of Loganholme (Queensland) BNR biosolids dissolved 76% of the total phosphorus and 38% of the TKN. The heavy metals solubilisation results reached 50% for Cr, 79% for Ni, 45% for Zn, 24% for Cu, 30% for Cd, and 82% for Pb.

scholarly journals Bioavailability of heavy metals in soils amended with sewage sludge

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
M T Morera ◽  
J. Echeverría ◽  
J. Garrido
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Alkaline Soils ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metals Bioavailability ◽  
Heavy Metals In Soils

The recycling of sewage sludge to agricultural land results in the slow accumulation of potentially toxic heavy metals in soils. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine the bioavailability of Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn applied to soils in urban anaerobically stabilized sewage sludge. The soils were Lithic Haplumbrept (Lh), Calcixerollic Xerochrept (Cx1 and Cx2) and Paralithic Xerorthent (Px). Sunflower plants (Helianthus annuus L) were grown in the soils following amendment with the sludge. The addition of sewage sludge markedly increased the average dry weight of the plants in the soils that had lower yields without sludge addition (Lh, Cx2, and Px). The acid pH of the Lh soil favoured the bioavailability of Zn from sewage sludge. The bioavailability of Cu was greater in the alkaline soils than in the acidic soil (Lh), which can be attributed to the high organic matter content of the Lh soil which complexes Cu and impairs its uptake by the plants. The concentration of metals in the plants increased with the sewage sludge dose. The effect of the soil type on the metal concentration in plants was greater that the effect of the dose. Key words: Soils, sewage sludge, heavy metals, bioavailability, sunflower

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