Mathematics Learning and the Sexes: A Review

1974 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 126-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Fennema
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Mathematics Achievement ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Upper Elementary ◽  
Cognitive Tasks ◽  
Achievement Data ◽  
National Longitudinal Study ◽  
Elementary Years ◽  
Better Than

It has long been accepted as true that boys learn mathematics better than girls do. To determine the validity of this belief, 36 studies concerned basically or tangentially with sex differences in mathematics achievement were reviewed and two others were analyzed in depth. The data from one study (Parsley, et al., 1964), which often has been quoted as supportive of boys' mathematics superiority, was reevaluated with the conclusion that the data from this study do not support the idea that boys are superior to girls in mathematics achievement. Data concerned with sex differences in achievement from the National Longitudinal Study of Mathematics Achievement were also presented.No significant differences between boys' and girls' mathematics achievement were found before boys and girls entered elementary school or during early elementary years. In upper elementary and early high school years significant differences were not always apparent. However, when significant differences did appear they were more apt to be in the boys' favor when higher-level cognitive tasks were being measured and in the girls' favor when lower-level cognitive tasks were being measured. No conclusion can be reached concerning high school learners.

Sex Differences in a Causal Model of Mathematics Achievement

1984 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 361-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinna A. Ethington ◽  
Lee M. Wolfle
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Mathematics Achievement ◽  
Causal Model ◽  
Spatial Visualization ◽  
Spatial Abilities ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Covariance Structures ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Using Data

Using data from the “High School and Beyond” study, this paper reexamines the reason men and women differ in mathematics achievement by means of a covariance-structures causal model of mathematics achievement, which permits the estimation of effects while accounting for known measurement error in the predictor variables. Our results indicate that sex continues to have a significant effect on mathematics achievement even after controlling for sex differences in spatial abilities, background in mathematics, and interest in mathematics. Separate analyses by sex, however, indicate that the process of mathematics achievement differs between men and women. In particular, women tend to have less spatial visualization ability than men, but the effects of this variable on mathematics achievement are greater for women.

Brief Reports: Discriminating Factors and Sex Differences in Electing Mathematics

1982 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-74
Author(s):  
Teri Hoch Perl
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Mathematics Achievement ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
High School Graduation ◽  
College Entrance ◽  
Major Question ◽  
National Longitudinal Study ◽  
School Graduation ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Remarkable Agreement

Several studies have been carried out recently to learn more about sexrelated differences in mathematics achievement. A major question addressed by these studies is why fewer females than males continue studying mathematics beyond those courses required for high school graduation or college entrance. This paper addresses this question through a secondary analysis of data from the National Longitudinal Study of Mathematics Achievement (NLSMA) (Romberg & Wilson, 1969). The analysis identifies sex-related differences in selected variables believed to influence student decisions to continue the study of mathematics. The resulting findings are in remarkable agreement with current studies (Armstrong, 1980; Fennema, 1977; Fennema & Sherman, 1977; Casserly, Note 1; Steel & Wise, Note 2) and suggest the validity of analyzing extant data for insights into continuing educational questions. Further, although the NLSMA study was carried out in the 1960s, because of its extensive nature, it behooves us to learn what it tells about sex-related differences that may have been present at that time. Indeed, the students in the NLSMA study are the teachers of the 1980s.

scholarly journals Penerapan Interactive Multimedia Berbasis Kurikulum 2013 Ditinjau dari Kecerdasan Intrapersonal Siswa Pada Pembelajaran Matematika SD

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Henry Suryo Bintoro ◽  
Eka Zuliana
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Achievement ◽  
Interactive Multimedia ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Learning Achievement ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
Intrapersonal Intelligence ◽  
Better Than

<p>Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui: (1) apakah penggunaan <em>interactive multimedia</em> pada pembelajaran matematika berbasis kurikulum 2013 menghasilkan prestasi belajar matematika yang lebih baik daripada pembelajaran konvensional? (2) manakah yang memberikan prestasi belajar matematika yang lebih baik, antara siswa-siswa yang mempunyai kecerdasan intrapersonal tinggi, sedang, dan rendah? (3) apakah terdapat interaksi antara pembelajaran matematika dan kecerdasan intrapersonal siswa terhadap prestasi belajar matematika? Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V SD Negeri kecamatan Kota Kabupaten Kudus tahun pelajaran 2014/2015. Pemilihan sampel dengan cara <em>cluster random sampling</em>, diperoleh siswa kelas V SD 1 Muhammadiyah sebagai kelas eksperimen dan siswa kelas V SD 1 Gondangmanis sebagai kelas kontrol. Kelas eksperimen diajar menggunakan <em>interactive multimedia</em> berbasis kurikulum 2013, sedangkan kelas kontrol diajar dengan pembelajaran konvensional. Data diperoleh dengan metode angket untuk mengamati kecerdasan intrapersonal siswa dan metode tes untuk menentukan prestasi belajar matematika siswa yang kemudian dianalisis dengan analisis variansi dua jalan 2 x 3. Hasil penelitian adalah (1) Pembelajaran matematika menggunakan <em>interactive</em> <em>multimedia</em> berbasis kurikulum 2013 menghasilkan prestasi belajar matematika yang lebih baik daripada dengan pembelajaran konvensional, (2) Kecerdasan intrapersonal yang lebih tinggi menghasilkan prestasi belajar matematika yang lebih baik daripada kecerdasan intrapersonal yang lebih rendah, dan (3) Perbedaan prestasi dari masing-masing pembelajaran matematika konsisten pada masing-masing tingkat kecerdasan intrapersonal dan perbedaan prestasi belajar dari masing-masing tingkat kecerdasan intrapersonal konsisten pada masing-masing pembelajaran matematika.</p><em>The purpose of this research was to determine: (1) whether the use of interactive multimedia based curriculum in 2013 mathematics learning resulted mathematics achievement in a better than conventional learning? (2) Which gives mathematics learning achievement better, between students who have intrapersonal intelligence high, medium, and low? (3) whether there is an interaction between mathematics and intrapersonal students' mathematics achievement? The population in this research were students of class V Elementary School Kudus City District school year 2014/2015. Selection of sample by random cluster sampling, obtained by fifth grade students of SD 1 Muhammadiyah as an experimental class and fifth grade students of SD 1 Gondangmanis as the control class. Experimental class taught using interactive multimedia-based curriculum in 2013, while the control class was taught by conventional learning. Data obtained by the questionnaire method to observe the students' intrapersonal intelligence and the test method to determine the learning achievement of the students then analyzed with two-way analysis of variance 2 x 3. The results of the study are (1) Learning math using interactive multimedia-based curriculum in 2013 resulted in the achievement of learning mathematics better than with conventional learning, (2) Intelligence intrapersonal higher yield learning achievement better than intrapersonal intelligence are lower, and (3) The difference in the achievement of each learning of mathematics is consistent at each level of intrapersonal intelligence and differences in learning achievement of each level of intrapersonal intelligence consistently on each of the learning of mathematics.</em>

scholarly journals EKSPERIMENTASI METODE CERAMAH DAN DISKUSI PADA MATA KULIAH MATEMATIKA EKONOMI DITINJAU DARI JENIS KELAMIN MAHASISWA

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1:) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Utin Desy Susiaty ◽  
Dwi Oktaviana
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Achievement ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Learning Method ◽  
Learning Achievement ◽  
Achievement Data ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Cluster Random Sampling

Abstrak Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui: (1) manakah yang memberikan prestasi belajar yang lebih baik, metode ceramah atau metode diskusi; (2) manakah yang memiliki prestasi belajar yang lebih baik, mahasiswa laki-laki atau perempuan; (3) pada masing-masing model pembelajaran, manakah yang mempunyai prestasi belajar yang lebih baik, mahasiswa laki-laki atau perempuan; (4) pada masing-masing jenis kelamin, manakah yang memberikan prestasi yang lebih baik, metode ceramah atau metode diskusi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental semu dengan populasi seluruh mahasiswa semester 5 di kelas pagi Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika IKIP-PGRI Pontianak. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik stratified cluster random sampling. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 68 mahasiswa. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi metode dokumentasi untuk mendapatkan nilai MID mata kuliah Matematika Ekonomi tahun akademik 2015/2016 sebagai data kemampuan awal dan nilai UAS mata kuliah Matematika Ekonomi untuk data prestasi belajar matematika mahasiswa. Uji hipotesis penelitian menggunakan analisis variansi dua jalan dengan sel tak sama. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan sebagai berikut. (1) Pembelajaran matematika ekonomi menggunakan metode ceramah menghasilkan prestasi belajar matematika yang sama dengan metode diskusi. (2) Mahasiswa laki-laki maupun perempuan memiliki prestasi belajar matematika yang sama. (3) Pada masing-masing metode pembelajaran, mahasiswa laki-laki maupun perempuan memiliki prestasi belajar matematika yang sama. (4) Pada masing-masing jenis kelamin, pembelajaran matematika ekonomi menggunakan metode ceramah dan metode diskusi menghasilkan prestasi belajar matematika yang sama. Kata kunci: metode ceramah, metode diskusi, jenis kelamin Abstract The aims of this study were to investigate: (1) which learning method produces student’s better mathematics learning achievement, speech method or discussion method; (2) which student’s have better mathematics learning achievement, male or female; (3) viewed from learning methods, which student’s have better mathematics learning achievement, male or female; (4) viewed from gender, which learning method produces better mathematics learning achievement, speech method or discussion method. This research used quasi experimental method with its population included all of students of 5th semester in morning class Program Study of Mathematics Education IKIP-PGRI Pontianak. Sampling was done by stratified cluster random sampling technique. The size of the sample was 68 students. The data collection technique was include the documentation method to get the 2015/2016 MID Test of Economy Mathematics subject for initial capability data before the experiment and Final test of Economy Mathematics subject for mathematics student’s achievement data. The data was analyzed using analysis of variance. Based on these results it can be concluded as follows. (1) Economy mathematics learning using speech method produced the same mathematics achievement as using discussion method. (2) For male or female students have the same mathematics achievement. (3) Viewed from learning method, male or female students have the same mathematics achievement. (4) Viewed from gender, economy mathematics learning using speech method and discussion method have the same mathematics achievement. Keywords: speech method, discussion method, gender

Achievement and Participation of Women in Mathematics: Results of Two National Surveys

1981 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 356-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane M. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Mathematics Achievement ◽  
Mathematics Assessment ◽  
National Assessment ◽  
National Surveys ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
High School Males ◽  
Women In Mathematics ◽  
Mathematical Applications

Data from two national surveys were analyzed to determine the extent of sex differences in mathematics achievement and participation and the effect of participation and spatial visualization ability on achievement. Results from the National Assessment of Educational Progress second mathematics assessment and the Women in Mathematics survey are reported for 13-year-olds, 17-year-olds, and high school seniors. Results indicate that (a) sex differences in participation favoring males exist for some higher level mathematics courses, (b) by the end of high school males outperform females on mathematical applications, and (c) sex differences in achievement on mathematical applications persist even when mathematics participation is controlled.

scholarly journals Discovery Learning Model on Mathematics Learning at Islamic Private Junior High School Darussalam

AL-TA LIM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
Okviani Syafti
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Discovery Learning ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ability Test ◽  
Better Than

The study aims to determine whether the mathematics learning outcomes of students who learn discovery learning are better than students who learn conventionally. It also aims to find out whether the mathematics learning outcomes of students with high initial abilities and low initial abilities with discovery learning are better than students who learn conventionally. This type of research is a Quasi Experiment with quantitative approach design and used was a randomized control group only design with treatment by blocks. The population in this study were students of class VII  Islamic private junior high school or MTsS Darussalam Ampiang Parak, Sutera Sub District, Pesisir Selatan. The research sample was randomly selected,namely students of class VII.1 as the experimental class and VII.2 as the control class. The research data were obtained from the results of the initial ability test and the final test given after the experiment was carried out. Data analysis using t test.The results of the analysis show that: 1) The mathematics learning outcomes of students with discovery learning model are better than those taught by conventional learning, 2) Mathematics learning outcomes of students with high initial abilities and students with low initial abilities with discovery learning learning models of learning arebetter than students with high initial abilities. taught by conventionallearning. The results could be a solution for teachers to provide learning to develop students' ability invention, especially in the discovery of mathematical concepts and problem solving both in learning and in daily life

scholarly journals Perbedaan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Menggunakan Strategi Active Learning Dengan Cara Giving Questions And Getting Answers Dengan Pembelajaran Konvensional Di Kelas X Sma Ekasakti Padang

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliani Fitri ◽  
Refnywidialistuti Refnywidialistuti
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Active Learning ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Learning Achievement ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Active Learning Strategy ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Better Than

The study is a kind of experimental one conducted to two groups, an experimental group and controlled group. The purpose of the study was to figure out whether students’ learning achievement by using giving questions and getting answers of active learning strategy better than those of conventional learning. The finding of the study is supposed to be useful for the researcher in teaching and to be guidance for teachers in mathematics learning. Population of the study were all of the students grade X TP 2017/2018 of Eka Sakti Senior High School, consisting of three classes.The samples were XIS1 as the controlled class consistingof 22 students and XIS2 as the experimental class consisting of 22 students. Data collected by having a test to the experimental class and controlled class. Normality and homogeneity tests were conducted before doing hypothesis test. The students’ learning achievement were normal and homogeny. Based on the analysis of hyphothesis tetsting, it can be concluded that application of active learning strategy by giving questions and getting answers can increase students’ mathematics learning achievement for 95% level of realibility. Therefore, it is hopped that teachers will apply active learning strategy by giving questions and getting answers in teaching learning process of mathematics due to its significant effect to learning achievement of the students.Keywords: learning achievement, active learning, giving questions and getting answers

scholarly journals Peran Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematika Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Matematika Siswa

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anggraini Astuti ◽  
Leonard Leonard
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Mathematical Communication ◽  
Learning Achievement ◽  
Achievement Data

<p>The aim of this research is to know the influence of mathematical communication skills of the students toward the learning result (achievement) in junior high school in Jakarta. The research method which was used in the research is survey method. The population of research is all students in junior high school in Penjaringan, north Jakarta. Samples are taken by simple random sampling, consisted of 34 students. The research instrument is mathematical communication skills of the students and mathematics learning achievement. Data analysis employed regretion correlation. The hypothesis testing resulted in conclusion: there a positive correlation of mathematical communication skills of the students toward the mathematics learning achievement. <br /><br /></p>

scholarly journals THE ABILITY OF MATHEMATICS TEACHERS IN USING COMPUTERS, SMARTPHONES, AND INTERNET

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
In In Supianti ◽  
Acep Saeful Malik ◽  
Anggit Sagita
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Mathematics Teachers ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
School Mathematics ◽  
The Internet ◽  
High School Mathematics ◽  
Female Teachers ◽  
Better Than ◽  
High School Mathematics Teachers

This study aimed to determine the ability of mathematics teachers to use computers, smartphones, and the internet according to their birth years (generation) and gender. The ability of teachers to use computers, smartphones, and the internet is beneficial to support mathematics learning using information and communication technologies. The research method was mixed research by surveying 92 mathematics teachers, 35 junior high school mathematics teachers, and 57 high school mathematics teachers in West Java. The results show that: (1) the ability of mathematics teachers in using computers, smartphones, and the internet has supported the application of technology-based learning in mathematics learning; (2) there are differences in the ability to use computers, smartphones, and the internet among the X, Y and Z generation of mathematics teachers. The ability in using computers, smartphones, and the internet of the Y and Z generation of mathematics teachers is better than that the of X generation; (3) there are differences in the ability in using computers, smartphones, and the internet between male and female teachers; male teachers are better than female teachers; (4) there is no significant difference in the ability in using computers, smartphones and internet between mathematics teachers at the high school and junior high school levels; (5) there is no interaction effect between teacher generations and levels of educational institution, on their achievement of the abilities in using computers, smartphones, and the internet

scholarly journals PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS VIII B SMP N 7 SINGARAJA

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
P. N P. N. Periandani ◽  
I. N Gita ◽  
Sariyasa .
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Problem Based Learning ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Learning Achievement ◽  
Achievement Data ◽  
Class Viii

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) peningkatan motivasi belajar matematika siswa kelas VIII B SMPN 7 Singaraja melalui penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah, (2) peningkatan prestasi belajar matematika siswa kelas VIII B SMPN 7 Singaraja melalui penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah, dan (3) tanggapan siswa kelas VIII B SMPN 7 Singaraja terhadap model pembelajaran berbasis masalah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam tiga siklus dengan subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII B SMPN 7 Singaraja sebanyak 32 orang siswa.Data motivasi siswa dikumpulkan menggunakan angket motivasi, data prestasi belajar siswa dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan tes prestasi belajar, dan tanggapan siswa dikumpulkan menggunakan angket tanggapan siswa. Data yang telah terkumpul selanjutnya dianalisis secara deskriptif.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motivasi dan prestasi belajar matematika siswa mengalami peningkatan dan rata-rata skor tanggapan siswa telah berada dalam katagori positif.Kata kunci:       Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah, Motivasi Belajar   Matematika, Prestasi Belajar Matematika AbstractThis study aims to find out: (1) an increase in mathematics learning motivation of VIII B class students of Singaraja 7 Junior High School through the application of problem-based learning models, (2) improvement of mathematics learning achievement of VIII B class students of Singaraja 7 Junior High School through the application of problem-based learning models, and ( 3) responses of students of class VIII B of SMPN 7 Singaraja to problem-based learning models. This research is a classroom action research which is carried out in three cycles with the research subjects being students of class VIII B of SMPN 7 Singaraja as many as 32 students. Student motivation data was collected using motivation questionnaire, student achievement data were collected using learning achievement tests, and student responses were collected using student response questionnaires. The data that has been collected is then analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the motivation and achievement of students' mathematics learning had increased and the average response score of students had been in the positive category.Keywords: Problem Based Learning Model, Mathematics Learning Motivation, Mathematics Learning Achievement 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document