Cutting of a Longitudinally Stiffened Plate by a Wedge

1994 ◽  
Vol 38 (04) ◽  
pp. 340-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeom Kee Paik
Keyword(s):  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Wedge Angle ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Stiffened Plate ◽  
Absorbed Energy ◽  
Dimensionless Analysis ◽  
Cutting Length ◽  
Plate Aspect Ratio ◽  
Stiffened Steel

The aim of this study is to obtain test data for longitudinally stiffened steel plates which are quasistatically cut by a rigid wedge, idealizing the deck or bottom platings in ship collision or grounding, and also to derive an empirical formula relating the absorbed energy and cutting length. A series of tests for longitudinally stiffened high-tensile steel plates is conducted, varying several factors, namely plate thickness, plate aspect ratio, angle/shape of wedge tip and property of stiffeners. A total of 50 specimens with thicknesses in the range of 3.4 to 7.8 mm and wedge angles of 15, 30, 45, and 60 deg, including one unstiffened and two horizontally stiffened plate specimens, were tested. The importance of each parameter and its effect on the cutting response are investigated. By dimensionless analysis of the test results obtained here, the energy absorbed while a longitudinally stiffened plate is cut by a wedge is expressed as a function of cutting length, yield stress, equivalent plate thickness, and wedge angle. Incorporation of dynamic effects into the static formula is suggested. A comparison of the proposed solutions with the previous formulas or drop-hammer test results is made.

Nonlinear Elastoplastic Behaviour of Intermittently Welded Stiffened Plates Under Inplane Compression

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Khedmati ◽  
Mehran Rastani
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Compressive Load ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Stiffened Plates ◽  
Finite Element Code ◽  
Stiffened Plate ◽  
Plate Models ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Stiffened Steel ◽  
Continuous Chain

The objective of this study is to investigate the sensitivity of the ultimate strength and failure mechanism of stiffened plates constructed by different welding methods in common. A series of detailed numerical analyses of longitudinally stiffened steel plates subjected to inplane compressive load are performed using ADINA commercial finite element code. Complete equilibrium paths are traced up to collapse for nonlinear elastoplastic response of stiffened plates. Stiffened plates analysed are imperfect and their aspect ratio, plate slenderness and column slenderness are changed in a systematic manner. Different types of stiffener are chosen for stiffened plate models. Three different stiffener-to-plate welding procedures are considered: continuous, chain intermittent and staggered intermittent fillet welding.

scholarly journals Investigation of Uncertain Factors on Measuring Residual Stress with Critically Refracted Longitudinal Waves

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunmin Yang ◽  
Mingquan Wang ◽  
Lu Yang
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Stress Measurement ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Longitudinal Mode ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Test Results ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Transducer Signal ◽  
Measurement Approach

Critically refracted longitudinal (LCR) waves are commonly used to evaluate the residual stress of a material. The utilization of LCR waves is advantageous in that these waves are not sensitive to the texture of the material. Thus, LCR can be considered as a bulk longitudinal mode and can penetrate into the material well below its surface. However, while measuring the residual stress, the precision of the LCR wave travel-time is influenced by several uncertain factors. In order to further improve the accuracy of test results, we developed a measurement approach based on three aspects. First, the distances between the transmitter and the receivers were determined by transducer signal analysis. Second, for the residual stress detection to be consistent, transducers with different frequencies presented similar beam divergence angles. Finally, three different frequencies were used to evaluate the residual stress throughout the plate thickness. Based on the results of the above analysis, we used LCR waves to test 304 stainless steel plates. The detection error of residual stress measurement was ca. ±23 MPa. When compared with the X-ray diffraction approach, our method showed similar trends for the same regions of the specimens.

scholarly journals PROTECTIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF ARMOUR MADE OF NANOBAINITIC STEEL

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-38
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Controlled Cooling ◽  
Protective Capacity ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
Firing Tests ◽  
Protective Effectiveness

The article presents the results of tests on resistance to perforation of nanobainitic steel plates with a thickness in the range of 6–9 mm with the use of projectiles with different perforation mechanisms. Firing tests were carried out using 7.62×39 mm BZ ammunition in accordance with the requirements of the NATO Stanag 4569A standard document (level 2) and 7.62×54R mm B32 ammunition to determine the V50 parameter for selected variants and plate thickness. The plates constituting the testing material were manufactured on an industrial scale from two heats with different chemical composition. The nanobainitic steel plates were subjected to heat treatment including austenitisation, controlled cooling and direct isothermal annealing, the parameters of which were optimised in order to achieve the highest protective capacity. Microstructure studies were carried out in places where the projectile and the plate interacted, in order to analyse the effects of firing in detail. The obtained test results indicated limit values of projectile velocities and plate thicknesses for which ballistic protection is effective. The range of mechanical properties determined in a static tensile test as well as the type of microstructure were determined, including the content and form of retained austenite, guaranteeing compliance with the required level of resistance to perforation. Based on the results of the firing tests, heat treatment variants were selected for plates of a certain thickness intended for the armour of an observation and protective container. The studies and tests were carried out as part of the POIR 04.01.04-00-0047/16 project, the main goal of which is to reduce the weight of a LOOK container armour.

Study on Cracking Resistance of Concrete Reinforced with Rib Stiffened Steel Plates

2014 ◽  
Vol 624 ◽  
pp. 596-603
Author(s):  
Xiao Dong Wang ◽  
Xie Dong Zhang ◽  
Jin Zhi Wang ◽  
Zhi Xiang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Crack Resistance ◽  
Composite Structure ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Failure Process ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Tension Stress ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Flexural Members ◽  
Stiffened Steel

Aimed at the question of excessive tension stress in local area in concrete structure, a ribbed steel plate-concrete composite structure (RSPC) which can improve crack resistance and prevent crack developing was proposed. Four specimens of RSPC flexural members were designed to be compared with common concrete flexural members. The test results show that RSPC, which cracks appeared in upper limb, have much more crack resistance ability than common concrete flexural members. According to energy absorption principle in failure process of composite materials, the crack mechanism of RSPC composite structure was studied.

Effect of Detailed Formations on the In-Plane Shear Capacity of Hairpin Connectors in Precast RC Floor Slabs

2010 ◽  
Vol 163-167 ◽  
pp. 1510-1514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Pang ◽  
Shu Ting Liang ◽  
Xiao Jun Zhu ◽  
Yao Meng
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Shear Capacity ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Deformation Capacity ◽  
Initial Stiffness ◽  
Plane Shear ◽  
Floor Slabs ◽  
Strength And Deformation

Detailed formation of precast floor slab connectors has significant effect on their shear capacity, but there is no such specific provision on it at present. The effects of detailed formations on the shear strength, stiffness and deformation capacity of hairpin connectors(HPC) were studied, through numerical simulation analysis under in-plane shear force. The imbedded depth (d), slug length (h), steel plate thickness (t) and its stickout(s) were taken as parameters. The analysis results show that: ⅰ) the increase of imbedded depth can improve the bearing capacity and stiffness of HPC, but decrease the deformation capacity; ⅱ) with the increase of slug length, the HPC strength, stiffness and deformation capacity raised a lot; ⅲ) the steel plates’ thickness has small effect on the stiffness, but has strong impact on the strength and deformation capacity of HPC. ⅳ) the stickout can affect the initial stiffness and yield strength of HPC slightly, but has a considerable impact on its ultimate strength and deformation capacity. On the basis of analysis, recommendations on formation details of HPC are proposed for design and construction.

Flexural bearing capacity of RC hollow slab beam strengthened by steel plates of different thicknesses

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Liu ◽  
Lifeng Wang ◽  
Ziwang Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Nonlinear Material ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Flexural Bearing Capacity

PurposeThe flexural reinforcement of bridges in-service has been an important research field for a long time. Anchoring steel plate at the bottom of beam is a simple and effective method to improve its bearing capacity. The purpose of this paper is to explore the influence of anchoring steel plates of different thicknesses on the bearing capacity of hollow slab beam and to judge its working status.Design/methodology/approachFirst, static load experiments are carried out on two in-service RC hollow slab beams; meanwhile, nonlinear finite element models are built to study the bearing capacity of them. The nonlinear material and shear slip effect of studs are considered in the models. Second, the finite element models are verified, and the numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results. Finally, the finite element models are adopted to carry out the research on the influence of different steel plate thicknesses on the flexural bearing capacity and ductility.FindingsWhen steel plates of different thicknesses are adopted to reinforce RC hollow slab beams, the bearing capacity increases with the increase of the steel plate thickness in a certain range. But when the steel plate thickness reaches a certain level, bearing capacity is no longer influenced. The displacement ductility coefficient decreases with the increase of steel plate thickness.Originality/valueBased on experimental study, this paper makes an extrapolation analysis of the bearing capacity of hollow slab beams reinforced with steel plates of different thicknesses through finite element simulation and discusses the influence on ductility. This method not only ensures the accuracy of bearing capacity evaluation but also does not need many samples, which is economical to a certain extent. The research results provide a basis for the reinforcement design of similar bridges.

Modified Equation to Predict Leak/Rupture Criteria for Axially Through-Wall Notched X80 and X100 Linepipes Having Higher Charpy Energy

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinobu Kawaguchi ◽  
Naoto Hagiwara ◽  
Mitsuru Ohata ◽  
Masao Toyoda
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Flow Stress ◽  
Pipe Material ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Absorbed Energy ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Full Scale Tests ◽  
Hoop Stresses ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Modified Equation

A method of predicting the leak/rupture criteria for API 5L X80 and X100 linepipes was evaluated, based on the results of hydrostatic full-scale tests for X60, X65, X80 and X100 linepipes with an axially through-wall (TW) notch. The TW notch test results clarified the leak/rupture criteria, that is, the relationship between the initial notch lengths and the maximum hoop stresses during the TW notch tests. The obtained leak/rupture criteria were then compared to the prediction of the Charpy V-notch (CVN) absorbed energy-based equation, which has been proposed by Kiefner et al. The comparison revealed that the CVN-based equation was not applicable to the pipes having a CVN energy (Cv) greater than 130 J and flow stress greater than X65. In order to predict the leak/rupture criteria for these linepipes, the static absorbed energy for ductile cracking, (Cvs)i, was introduced as representing the fracture toughness of a pipe material. The (Cvs)i value was determined from the microscopic observation of the cut and buffed Charpy V-notch specimens after static 3-point bending tests. The CVN energy in the original CVN-based equation was replaced by an equivalent CVN energy, (Cv)eq’ which was defined as follows: (Cv)eq = 4.5 (Cvs)i. The leak/rupture criteria for the X80 and X100 linepipes with higher CVN energies were reasonably predicted by the modified equation using the (Cvs)i value.

Research on mechanical behavior of L-shaped multi-cell concrete-filled steel tubular stub columns under axial compression

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiepeng Liu ◽  
Hua Song ◽  
Yuanlong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Thickness Ratio ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Finite Element Program ◽  
Element Program ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete ◽  
Stub Columns

A total of 11 L-shaped multi-cell concrete-filled steel tubular stub columns were fabricated and researched in axial compression test. The key factors of width-to-thickness ratio D/ t of steel plates in column limb and prism compressive strength of concrete fck were investigated to obtain influence on failure mode, bearing capacity, and ductility of the specimens. The test results show that the constraint effect for concrete provided by multi-cell steel tube cannot be ignored. The ductility decreases with the increase of width-to-thickness ratio D/ t of steel plates in column limb. The bearing capacity increases and the ductility decreases with the increase in prism compressive strength of concrete fck. A finite element program to calculate concentric load–displacement curves of L-shaped multi-cell concrete-filled steel tubular stub columns was proposed and verified by the test results. A parametric analysis with the finite element program was carried out to study the influence of the steel ratio α, steel yield strength fy, prism compressive strength of concrete fck, and width-to-thickness ratio D/ t of steel plates in column limb on the stiffness, bearing capacity and ductility. Furthermore, the design method of bearing capacity was determined based on mainstream concrete-filled steel tubular codes.

Field testing and probabilistic assessment of ballistic penetration of steel plates for small calibre military ammunition

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark G Stewart ◽  
Brianna Dorrough ◽  
Michael D Netherton
Keyword(s):  
Penetration Depth ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Predictive Models ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Hardened Steel ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Probabilistic Assessment ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Terminal Ballistics

The penetration of projectiles into semi-infinite targets helps in the understanding and modelling of terminal ballistics. The article describes field test results of 5.56×45 mm F1 Ball and 7.62×51 mm M80 Ball ammunition. The targets were 25-mm-thick mild and high strength steel plates of Grade 250 MPa and 350 MPa, respectively. The tests recorded penetration depth, muzzle and impact velocities, and bullet mass. Despite its smaller calibre, the 5.56 mm × 45 mm F1 Ball ammunition recorded deeper penetrations than the larger calibre 7.62 mm × 51 mm M80 Ball ammunition. This is due to the 5.56 mm ammunition comprising a hardened steel penetrator and lead core, whereas the 7.62 mm ammunition comprised only a lead core. Multiple shots were fired for each type of munition. The coefficient of variation of steel penetration is approximately 0.10 and 0.03 for 5.56 mm and 7.62 mm rounds, respectively. The article also presents predictive models of steel penetration depth and compares these to the field test results.

RELIABILITY OF CORRODED STIFFENED PLATE SUBJECTED TO UNIAXIAL COMPRESSIVE LOADING

2021 ◽  
Vol 162 (A4) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Woloszyk ◽  
Y Garbatov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Reliability Index ◽  
Structural Reliability ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Thickness Reduction ◽  
Stiffened Plates ◽  
Stiffened Plate ◽  
Initial Imperfections ◽  
Subsequent Decrease

The work is focused on the reliability of corroded stiffened plates subjected to compressive uniaxial load based on the progressive collapse approach as stipulated by the Common Structural Rules for Bulk Carriers and Oil Tankers, employing the limit state design. Two different cases have been investigated. In the first model, the corrosion degradation led to uniform thickness loss, whereas the mechanical properties were unchanged, as given in the Rules. In the second model, the plate thickness degradation was followed by mechanical properties reduction. The uncertainties related to the mechanical properties, thicknesses, and initial imperfections of the corroded stiffened plate were taken into account. Several initial design solutions of stiffened plates, as well as different severity levels of corrosion degradation were investigated. The results show that structural reliability significantly decreases with corrosion development, especially when in addition to the initial imperfections and corrosion plate thickness reduction, corroded plate surface roughness and the changes in the mechanical properties were considered. The uncertainties, their origins and confidence levels are discussed. It was found that non-linear time-dependent corrosion degradation accounting not only for the thickness reduction due to corrosion wastage but also the subsequent decrease of mechanical properties lead to a significant reduction in the reliability index. Additionally, it was defined that the reliability estimate is very sensitive to the uncertainties related to the initial thickness and the spread of corrosion degradation as a function of the time. Incorporating the probability of corrosion detection into the original reliability model introduces additional information about the validity of structural degradation that may lead to a higher beta reliability index estimate compared to the original model.

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