Speech etiquette and speech act in intercultural communication

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1623-1627
Author(s):  
Solieva Munavvar Ahmadovna
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Speech Act

LATGALIAN JOKES: EXPRESSIONS OF LINGUISTIC CONTACTS

Via Latgalica ◽  
2012 ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Antra Kļavinska
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Territorial Identity ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
Linguistic Interference ◽  
The Impact

<p>The research interest of the author of the article in the ethnosis living in Latgale, intercultural communication is related to the compilation of the entries for „Latgalian Linguo-Territorial Dictionary” with ESF project „Linguo-Cultural and Socio-Economic Aspects of Territorial Identity in the Development of the Region of Latgale” (Nr. 2009/0227/1DP/1.1.1.2.0/09/APIA/VIAA/071). The tasks of this research: 1) to prepare a review about the frequency of linguistic contacts and themes for conversations in jokes; 2) to determine the linguistic attitude of the addressee and the sender; 3) to trace linguistic processes in the event of intercultural communication.</p><p>The theoretical background of the research is based on the speech act in theory (J. Searle), highlighting the impact of social and historical factors on the speech act (D. Hymes). In order to describe the results of linguistic contacts linguistic, social and historical factors shall be taken into consideration. Jokes (131 unit in total) have been selected according to the following components of the speech act: form of message – dialogue; sender and addressee – Latvians and non-ethnic Latvians (Russians, Poles, Jews, Gypsies, etc.) of Latgale and representatives of other regions; communication channel – oral and written communication; code – patois, dialect, language; theme – daily life, culture, religion, politics etc.; situation – Latgale of 20th century (episodically – Latvia, Russia, Germany, USA, Lithuania).</p><p>The analysis of the expressions of language contacts in the texts of jokes lets conclude how intensive the mutual contacts of various languages and their users were in Latgale in the 20th century: if in the first half of the century the linguistic contacts were extremely diverse (interaction of Latgalian Latvians, Russians, Jews, Gypsies, Polish), then in the second half of the century mostly the linguistic contacts of Latvian (Latgalian) and Russian speaking population were domineering under the impact of the russification policy.</p><p>The result of linguistic contacts are: 1) a tolerant attitude towards other languages and their users is typical for a Latgalian (character of jokes), but he/she has a negative position to an strange language (Latvian, Russian) as an expression of enforced power; 2) in the communication process one can observe intentional of code-switching and unintentional of code-mixing (basis of the comic: interlinguistic homonyms, homoforms); 3) linguistic interference: phonetic, lexical and grammatical borrowings (from Latvian, Russian, English); 4) foreign language skills (in the beginning of 20th century the modest foreigner language skills led to more frequent misunderstandings).</p><p>The achievement of the aim put forward, result is a significant component of the speech act. The analyzed material of jokes proves that in many communicative situations this aim is not reached due to the weak communicative competence of the addressee and addresser (lack of awareness, understanding and recognition of the linguistic and cultural features of the representative of another ethos). Therefore, a conversation takes place, but an intercultural dialogue is not formed. Under current complex economic, political and linguistic situation in Latvia these are significant reasons for splitting of the society.</p>

scholarly journals SPEECH ACTS PREFERENCE IN COMPUTER – MEDIATED INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION VIA FACEBOOK MESSENGER: A NETNOGRAPHIC STUDY

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yehezkiel Adhi Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Direct Speech ◽  
Indirect Speech Acts ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Native Speakers Of English

<p>People will not only use language for sharing message but also due to do an action. Through language, people will ask, promise, refuse, greet, invite, thank, and so on. The purpose of this research is to identify the speech acts preference used by Indonesian and Filipino non – native speakers of English via Facebook Messenger. Besides, to identify the similar or different of speech acts preference they used.</p><p>             The source of data are utterances of conversation in Facebook Messenger. The researcher applies documentation and an observation (reading the book and internet as the references) in collecting the data. After collecting the data, the researcher analyzes the data by focusing the speech acts theory. In order to support the evidence of the result, the researcher needs to describe and compare the high context-cultures and low context-cultures by Hall (1976) and also cultural dimension of Indonesia and Philippines by Hofstede.</p>The result of the analysis shows that the most speech acts preference used by Indonesian and Filipino non - native speakers of English is direct speech act. Similar and different types of speech acts are found. The similar speech act preferences are found in declarations and representatives. The different speech acts preferences are found in expressives, directives, commissives, direct, and indirect speech acts. The result of this research also shows that the communication of Indonesian and Filipino are included into low contex-cultures. It is contrary with the theory of Hall and Hofstede which shows that Indonesia and Philippines factually should be high context-cultures.

scholarly journals NONVERBAL MEANS OF INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION: A PROBLEM OF CONFORMITY

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-114
Author(s):  
Durdona ABDUAZIZOVA
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Nonverbal Communication ◽  
Nonverbal Behavior ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Speech Melody ◽  
Verbal Utterance

The article substantiates the need to study the features of nonverbal behavior of representatives of different cultures due to the discrepancy of kinesic systems. English, Russian and Uzbek non-speech behavior, and the divergence of gestures are analyzed using the example of English, Russian and Uzbek kinesic cultures. Emotions can have a significant impact on the development, success or failure of the speech act and on the expression of the emotional state of each participant in communication. Gestures characterize national, territorial and social peculiarities of the communicant observed in temperament, emotional state and attitude to the interlocutor and, therefore, the author considers the problem of intercultural conformity, closely associated with interpretation of non-verbal text by different cultures. It is argued, for a complete and clear interpretation of the meaning of the statement transmitted by non-verbal means; it is necessary to avoid incorrect, incomplete, and excessive interpretation of non-verbal speech. The special nature of nonverbal communication explains the presence of universal, understandable signs, as well as specific signals used only within one culture. It is also analyzed the phonation phenomena of speech: melody, timbre, rhythm and strength of voice, articulation activity, which have the functions of supplementing and replacing a verbal utterance, which determine the physical and psycho-emotional state of the interlocutor.

Culture-Specific Communicative Styles as a Framework for Interpreting Linguistic and Cultural Idiosyncrasies

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Larina
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Speech Act Theory ◽  
Interpersonal Interaction ◽  
Politeness Theory ◽  
Standard Language ◽  
Cultural Scripts ◽  
Typical User

This paper attempts to define a culture-specific communicative style which I call communicative ethno-style and determine the factors which lead to its formation. While defining communicative ethno-style some generalizations are unavoidable and reference is made to a typical user of standard language and his/her communicative behaviour in interpersonal interaction in everyday situations. At the same time it is not possible to take a dichotomous approach in describing the communicative styles as they form a continuum and need to be viewed in comparison. In this paper I demarcate the dominant features of Russian communicative style as opposed to British and emphasize the importance of a systemized description of culture specific communicative differences through communicative ethno-styles. This is important for developing pragmatic and discourse competence necessary for intercultural communication. The study is based on empirical data obtained through questionnaires, interviews and observations and follows contextual, pragmatic, discourse analyses. The theoretical framework is based on Politeness Theory (Brown and Levinson, 1987; Leech, 1983, 2005; Watts, 2003), Speech Act Theory (Austin, 1962; Searle, 1969) and the Theory of Cultural Scripts (Wierzbicka, 1991/2003, 2002, 2006).

scholarly journals DEVELOPING CONSECUTIVE INTERPRETER’S COMMUNICATIVE SKILLS OF EMOTIVE-EMPATHIC INTERACTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 115-131
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Oral Communication ◽  
Communicative Skills ◽  
Communicative Ability ◽  
Language Communication ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Different Cultures

Consecutive interpretation is a special form of oral communication between people speaking different languages, representing different cultures, and it is carried out in any situation of intercultural communication in order to exchange thoughts, information, knowledge, labor results, products, emotions, values, relationships in the process of interaction. A consecutive interpreter is a mediator of intercultural communication, and the development of emotive-empathic interaction skills of an interpreter promotes the successfullness of such communication. Interpreters’ communicative skills of emotive-empathic interaction within consecutive interpretation may be defined as a communicative and speech act in a foreign language communication implemented independently and in an optimal way. The act is accomplished at the level of interaction-exchange of emotions and relations both in the frames of independent component and in the frames of processing the cognitive and interactive components. This enables to carry out the emotive-empathic interaction under any conditions and new situations of consecutive interpretation thanks to the full totality of qualities. The aim of the paper is to consider issues related to emotions, empathy, their role in the process of communication, and their levels of empathy. Skills of emotive-empathic interactions and relevant to national culture, also the issues of the development of communicative skills in the mentioned interaction of the future interpreters, determined the conditions for their formation are described. In addition the paper presents definition of the communicative ability of the emotive-empathic interaction of future interpreters; considers a set of exercises aimed at the formation of these skills. The results of the scientific research are presented by the set of exercises.

scholarly journals Discourse Approach to Teaching Language and Communication Skills

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (2 (9)) ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
Gohar Hovsepyan
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Teaching Language ◽  
Linguistic Patterns ◽  
Approach To Teaching ◽  
Sociocultural Background ◽  
The Given ◽  
Different Levels

The successful realization of speech acts is a challenge which supposes general sociocultural background knowledge about the types of speech acts and strategies that are applicable under certain circumstances and the appropriateness and relevance of the given speech act, etc. However, the necessity of such a comprehensive approach is not always understood and accepted in the process of teaching speech acts. There is a primitive tendency to identify speech acts with certain linguistic patterns. The investigation shows that discourse analysis can provide valuable material for efficient language teaching at different levels and in various spheres in courses of grammar, vocabulary, communication strategies, intercultural communication and socio-linguistics.

scholarly journals Interlanguage Pragmatics Failure among Javanese Learners of Japanese

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Rina Supriatnaningsih ◽  
Tatang Hariri ◽  
Djodjok Soepardjo ◽  
Lisda Nurjaleka ◽  
Silvia Nurhayati
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Japanese Language ◽  
Interlanguage Pragmatics ◽  
Native Japanese Speakers ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Pragmatic Knowledge

In the Japanese language, Keigo refers to the politeness in language that one must adhere to during interactions with native speakers. Japanese language students are obliged to pay attention to this principle and behave politely in spoken communication. In the Javanese language, the manner in which speech is delivered, undha usuk, comprises a variety of registers applied to different social contexts, such as krama (High or formal Javanese) and ngoko (Low or vernacular Javanese). Still, other politeness principles are to be taken into account. This study, driven by such a concern, was devoted to examining politeness violations in communications between 108 university students, most of whom were native Javanese speakers. The politeness principle was employed to unravel the issue. Data were collected by recording conversations between participants and native Japanese speakers. A follow-up interview with each subject was also conducted. The results revealed that most students failed to build intercultural communication in Japanese conversation, due to their lack of socio-pragmatic knowledge. Based on the interview results, in daily communication, the students rarely used the Javanese speech act level of krama, instead using basa ngoko or Indonesian. These findings emphasize the socio-pragmatic concept, and more precisely the politeness principles other than the Keigo style, to students. This should minimize the violation of politeness maxims in the Japanese language.

scholarly journals Politeness research: Key trajectories and their applicability in intercultural communication

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvie Válková
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Context Sensitive ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Language Data ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Social Deixis ◽  
Authentic Language

With the plethora of studies on politeness in general and linguistic politeness in particular, it is difficult for those who want to apply the theoretical findings to authentic language data, to find a roadmap to theoretical framework on which to base the data processing and achieve relevant results. The pre-requisite for such objectives is the familiarity with the existing politeness theories of which to choose with a particular aim in mind, but since there are so many, also the knowledge of their potential taxonomies and the pros and cons of such taxonomies when applied to overt language manifestations of politeness (e. g. in addressing or apologizing). Consequently, the multiple aim of this study is to survey the approaches to the concept of politeness and its layering, outline the taxonomies of various approaches to polite-ness, and discuss the ways of their applicability (based on my hands-on experience with overt language manifestations of social deixis in addressing and strategies of apologizing). In the application section, the importance of a dynamic, context-sensitive approach to language data is advocated, followed by proposed changes in speech act taxonomies. The conclusion then sums up possible perspectives in intercultural communication which remain a challenge to new insights into politeness research and ELT methodology.

scholarly journals Expressions of indirect refusal in Vietnamese (compared with Russian)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. first
Author(s):  
Truong Thi Lan Huong
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Efficiency Enhancement ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face ◽  
Face Saving ◽  
To Receive ◽  
The Russian Language

In Pragmatics, verbal behavior is a behavior that is most interested by many linguists. One of the behaviors is the act of rejection, the universal behavior of all languages. In intercultural conversations, the act of rejection is a very important behavior. Politeness in communication is a general principle in the social interaction of each culture. It is not easy to be polite when performing the acts of refusing without losing the other person's face. Refusal is a common act in communication, especially in intercultural communication. In the case that the proposed invitations, suggestions or requests, etc. are not suitable to receive, refusal in a proper manner is needed. Moreover, choosing the form of indirect refusal is an effective way of responding. They both express the declination of requests and the face saving for the listener. Based on literary works either published or uploaded onto the internet, this study focuses on formulas expressing indirect refusals in Vietnamese (compared with Russian). Thereby, contributing to the efficiency enhancement of the learning of this speech act used for both Vietnamese learners of the Russian language and Russian-speaking learners of the Vietnamese language.

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