scholarly journals Developing value-orientations in family therapy trainees: A three-year investigation

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 644-664
Author(s):  
Claude-Hélène Mayer ◽  
Rudolf M. Oosthuizen
Keyword(s):  
Family Therapy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Family Therapist ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Self Transcendence ◽  
Value Model

Family therapy has advanced as an important therapeutic approach in Europe and, in Germany, future family therapists enter a three-year-training programme every year. Family therapist trainees (FTTs) have hardly been studied in terms of their value-orientations (VOs) and how they see the world. This study aims at researching the value-orientation developments in FTTs during the three-year training period and based on the Schwartz value model. A longitudinal study was carried out over a three-year period. The sample consisted of 65 FTTs. VOs were investigated using open questions in self-developed questionnaires. The findings show that FTTs focus mainly on VOs in the Schwartz value domain of "benevolence", followed by "self-direction" and "universalism". This shows that the well-being of others is in the centre of interest in FTTs. However, VOs which indicate a freedom to make decisions and be self-directed are also extremely important. The least-mentioned value domains include "power" and "stimulation", showing that FTTs are neither focused on status, wealth or richness, nor on excitement or a varied life. With regard to the Schwartz value dimensions, the dimension of "self-transcendence" was the most frequently mentioned, followed by "conservation", "openness to change" and "self-enhancement". Self-transcendence includes the value domains of benevolence and universalism and shows that the preservation and enhancement of welfare of other individuals are highly important, as well as VOs such as understanding, appreciation, tolerance and protection of human beings and the environment. So-called collectivist VOs seem to be more important to German FTTs than individualistic VOs: they focus on the needs of the social group and their VOs show that the systemic view is inherent in their social VOs. Findings further show that FTTs develop their professional identity while consciously strengthening their VOs. This study contradicts previous research which claims that FTs are, to a large extent, unconscious in respect of their VOs. The study shows that FTTs are aware of their VOs and this supports them in facilitating client-centred approaches and develop themselves as FT professionals. Recommendations for future research and practice are provided.

Psychometric Properties of the Measure of Love for Nature

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Pasca ◽  
David Paniagua ◽  
Juan Ignacio Aragonés
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Large Cluster ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Validity Study ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Psychometric Study ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Care Study

Abstract Several instruments have been developed to measure the human beings-nature relationship, one of which is the Love and Care for Nature Scale. Three studies were conducted with the aim of analyzing to what extent the construct of love and care for nature, responds to two empirically different dimensions, as well as conducting a psychometric study of the scale. The analysis of construct components showed a large cluster formed by two others (connectedness and well-being), considered “love for nature”, and one two-items cluster referring to “care” (Study 1, n = 51). Considering the “love” items, it was found that ten of the items present adequate psychometric properties (Study 2, n = 1071), and adequate levels of reliability and validity (Study 3, n = 151). Consequently, an appropriate measure of love of nature is established, while an interesting future research line would be to separately study the scale’s two components.

The science of well-being: evidence of Eastern therapies enhancing the character traits associated with well-being- well-being psychiatry

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1711-1711
Author(s):  
R.F. D'Souza
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Interpersonal Neurobiology ◽  
Happy Life ◽  
Self Transcendence

Northern Psychiatry Research Centre, Melbourne University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia Mental health professionals and their patients are increasingly aware of the basic need of all human beings for a source of meaning that is greater than one's self. This growth in awareness is driven by the professional's practical goal of reducing disability from mental disorders and by the heart felt wishes of the suffering for their therapists to recognize of the need for self transcendence. This has resulted in mental health professionals and the general public's growing awareness of the need to foster spirituality and well-being in clinical practice. We now see a groundswell of professional work to focus on the development of health and happiness, rather than merely to fight disease and distress.This presentation will consider the practical necessity to reduce disability, and understanding the science of well-being including the stages of self-awareness on the path to well-being. Considering the interpersonal neurobiology view of well-being. Ultimately discussing the developing of well-being through therapies such as Cloninger's “The happy life- Voyages to well-being” and D'Souza's Evidence based East-West Spiritually Augmented Well-being therapy. seven catalylectic exercises for each day of the week. This allows attention to spirituality based on principles of psychobiology with roots in compassion and tolerance, rather than on the basis of dogmatic judgments that are rooted in fear and intolerance. Thus only by addressing spirituality in a scientific and non judgmental manner can we make psychology and psychiatry into a science of well-being that is able to reduce stigma and disability of psychological disorders

scholarly journals For a Definition of Gratitude, in Order to Study its Correlation with Well-being and Self Transcendence

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 89-98
Author(s):  
Sheena Necole McMahon
Keyword(s):  
Coping Skills ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Self Transcendence ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Trait Gratitude ◽  
Insight Into

This paper provides a definition for gratitude and for trait gratitude. It also describes several useful measurement tools to study gratitude and states how gratitude relates to personality characteristics. In addition, current gratitude research is reviewed and future research questions are proposed. Not only is gratitude associated with well-being but also with sleep quality, dematerialization, social skills, coping skills, and spirituality. An advanced understanding of this emotion and/or affective trait could provide insight into how to live a happy, productive, and fulfilling life. KEYWORDS Gratitude, wellbeing, behavior, mindfulness, optimism.

scholarly journals Self-Transcendence as a Buffer Against COVID-19 Suffering: The Development and Validation of the Self-Transcendence Measure-B

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul T. P. Wong ◽  
Gökmen Arslan ◽  
Victoria L. Bowers ◽  
Edward J. Peacock ◽  
Oscar Nils Erik Kjell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Self ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
True Self ◽  
Transcendence Measure ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Transcendence ◽  
Development And Validation

The age of COVID-19 calls for a different approach toward global well-being and flourishing through the transcendence suffering as advocated by existential positive psychology. In the present study, we primarily explained what self-transcendence is and why it represents the most promising path for human beings to flourish through the transformation of suffering in a difficult and uncertain world. After reviewing the literature on self-transcendence experiences, we concluded that the model of self-transcendence presented by Frankl is able to integrate both of the characteristics associated with self-transcendence. Afterward, we discussed how the self-transcendence paradigm proposed by Wong, an extension of the model by Frankl, may help awaken our innate capacity for connections with the true self, with others, and with God or something larger than oneself. We presented self-transcendence as a less-traveled but more promising route to achieve personal growth and mental health in troubled times. Finally, we presented the history of the development and psychometrics of the Self-Transcendence Measure-Brief (STM-B) and reported the empirical evidence that self-transcendence served as a buffer against COVID-19 suffering. The presented data in the current study suggested that the best way to overcome pandemic suffering and mental health crises is to cultivate self-transcendence.

scholarly journals Assessing the Implementation of Biophilic Design Strategies in Selected office Buildings in Lagos State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 292-295
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Design Strategy ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Biophilic Design ◽  
Lagos State

With the ever-increasing rate of urbanization and organisations opting to discard biophilic designs for minimalist designs at the detriment of productivity, the natural environment has been cast-off as a critical feature in determining the quality of human life. It has been discovered that there is an innate desire for human beings to connect with nature, which is being described as biophilia. Thus, organisations are seeking innovative measures of integrating the natural environment into the workplace as it has been proven to enhance well-being and productivity while saving cost. The study area, Lagos state is a densely populated city whose rise in population has been poorly managed with increasing pollution levels that reduce the quality of life, which is why it is imperative for organisations to create a sustainable environment that enhances work activities. To this end, this study seeks to evaluate the implementation of biophilic design strategies in selected office buildings in Lagos, Nigeria. Data is obtained using questionnaires and analysed using both content analysis for qualitative data and descriptive statistics for quantitative data. Purposive sampling was used to select the buildings that were studied while the respondents were selected by means of the stratified sampling technique. The findings reveal that daylight is the most implemented biophilic design strategy. The benefits of biophilic integration have been reviewed, as well as areas for future research. With more attention being placed on conducive workplace environment this research helps to ascertain the most utilized biophilic design strategy and how it can be easily incorporated in buildings.

‘We deal with human beings’

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Huey ◽  
Hina Kalyal
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Labor ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Criminal Investigation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Central Feature ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Police Services ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Related Stress

Dealing with emotions is a central feature of everyday police work. This is especially the case in relation to criminal investigation work, in which police investigators must grapple with both their own emotions and those of the victims and families with whom they deal. Despite the importance of emotional labor in understanding criminal investigation work, this aspect of their work remains understudied. This study is based on data from 13 in-depth qualitative interviews with members of the Canadian police services. Within it, we explore how officers engage in emotional labor, as well as its impact on these individuals. Although our results are preliminary in nature, they do reveal how managing emotions according to organizationally sanctioned display rules can affect officers’ well-being, and highlight the need for future research to enable police organizations to deal more effectively with this form of work-related stress.

scholarly journals Age Differences in Self-Continuity in the German Socioeconomic Panel

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 390-391
Author(s):  
Corinna Loeckenhoff ◽  
Denis Gerstorf
Keyword(s):  
Age Differences ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Developmental Point ◽  
Moral Choices

Abstract Self-continuity, the sense that one’s personal past, present, and future selves are meaningfully connected, is unique to human beings. Self-continuity varies across individuals with higher levels conveying benefits for mental health and well-being, physical health and health-related behaviors, as well as financial planning and moral choices (for a review see Hershfield, 2019). From a developmental point of view, self-continuity emerges over the course of childhood, but less is known about its development in adulthood. Recent evidence indicates that higher chronological age is associated with higher perceived self-continuity among healthy adults. Studies further suggest that age effects are more pronounced for more distant time intervals but fairly symmetrical for past and future (for a review see Loeckenhoff & Rutt, 2017). However, prior work has predominantly relied on U.S. convenience samples raising questions about generalizability to broader population samples as well as cross-national consistency of the findings. To address these concerns, the present study examined self-continuity in the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP, 2017 Innovation Sample, n = 1659, aged 18-92, M = 62.8, SD = 18.1, 53% female). In addition to replicating the previously reported positive association between age and self-continuity (r = .17, p < .001) and testing for curvilinear effects, we report on the role of temporal direction (past vs. future), temporal distance (1, 5, and 10 years), and demographic factors (i.e., gender, education, and wealth). The present findings add to the literature on adult age differences in self-continuity. Practical implications and directions for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals On kitsch and kic: Comparing kitsch concepts from Bavaria, Serbia and Slovenia

Psihologija ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Ortlieb ◽  
Ivan Stojilovic ◽  
Danaja Rutar ◽  
Uwe Fischer ◽  
Claus-Christian Carbon
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Ambiguity Tolerance ◽  
Multilevel Regression ◽  
German Word ◽  
Crossed Random Effects ◽  
Self Transcendence

The German word kitsch has been internationally successful. Today, it is commonly used in many modern languages including Serbian and Slovenian (kic)-but does it mean the same? In a pilot study, thirty-six volunteers from Bavaria, Serbia and Slovenia rated two hundred images of kitsch objects in terms of liking, familiarity, determinacy, arousal, perceived threat, and kitschiness. Additionally, art expertise, ambiguity tolerance, and value orientations were assessed. Multilevel regression analysis with crossed random effects was used to explore crosscultural differences: Regardless of cultural background, liking of kitsch objects was positively linked to emotionally arousing items with non-threatening content. Self-transcendence was positively linked to liking, while ambiguity of the parental image was concordantly associated with kitschiness. For participants from Serbia and Slovenia, threatening content was correlated with kitschiness, while participants from Bavaria rated determinate items as kitschier. Results are discussed with regard to literature on kitsch and implications for future research.

scholarly journals Human Character in the IPIP: Towards Shorter, More Content-Valid, and Cross-Culturally Comparable IPIP-VIA Character Strength Scales

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Bluemke ◽  
Melanie Viola Partsch ◽  
Gerard Saucier ◽  
Clemens M. Lechner
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Character Strengths ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Personality Item ◽  
Self Transcendence ◽  
Using Data

The “Values in Action” (VIA) framework is currently the most prominent approach to conceptualizing human character. VIA posits 24 character strengths that are purportedly valued across cultures and promote the well-being of both individuals and communities. However, unresolved limitations in the assessment of these character strengths continue to hamper theoretical progress in research on human character based on the VIA framework. Here we sought to lay a new foundation for ad-vanced assessment of strengths by refining and extensively validating an existing open-science inventory from the International Personality Item Pool (IPIP). Using data from a U.S. community sample and four quota samples from the United Kingdom and Germany, we investigated whether valid, cross-culturally comparable, and economical assessment of the VIA character strengths is possible with the IPIP. Experts selected suitable items with the aim to obtain 24 balanced-keyed short scales. Different experts then translated these items to German. Through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, we established essential unidimensionality and well-fitting measure-ment models for each scale. All scales achieved at least partial scalar invariance across languages. Reliability estimates were satisfactory. Extensive analyses of the strengths’ nomological network placed character strengths between Big Five personality traits and basic human values, confirming that VIA strengths emphasize self-transcendence rather than self-enhancement. With few excep-tions, the 24 character strengths scales were sufficiently distinct from the Big Five, and many showed incremental predictive validity, also for “good life” criteria. The 96-item inventory “IPIP-VIA-R” offers a sound and fully open-science approach to future research on character strengths.

Challenges of subjectivity in team performance evaluation

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Team Performance ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Perceived Fairness ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Performance Effects

Purpose This paper aims to analyze challenges of subjective performance evaluation (SPE) and their effects on team performance. It focuses on discretionary bonus allocations in teams and challenges driven by cognitive biases on the superior or the employee side. This is important as efficient teamwork is a relevant source of competitive advantages in firms, and firms often rely on teams to coordinate various, mutually supportive organizational activities. Design/methodology/approach The author analyzes results that have recently been discussed in the literature and link them to each other to create a more holistic picture about potential performance effects of SPE. Based on the analyses, the author develops avenues for future research and point out open questions. Findings Exploring employees’ fairness perceptions in team settings in which there is no clear standard for a “fair” team bonus allocation, the author finds that perceived fairness of team bonus allocation may decrease under SPE because employees interpret the “fairness” of the bonus allocation from an egocentric perspective. Such decrease in perceived fairness can eventually even lead to decreased team performance. Likewise, on the superior side, more complex, but highly relevant team can cause cognitive biases of superiors in assessing employee performance, thereby decreasing the potentially positive effects of SPE on team performance. Originality/value This paper contributes to the literature by analyzing recently discovered challenges of SPE in teams and linking them to each other to draw more general conclusions about the performance effects of SPE. For practice, my findings imply that firms may want to be cautious when evaluating the potential effects of SPE – as it is made by human beings with their cognitive biases. For research, the paper opens up new research possibilities and points out open questions.

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