Effect of whole body extremely high frequency electromagnetic irradiation exposure on lipid peroxidation in rats

Background. Electromagnetic irradiation with extremely high frequencies (EHF EMI) and low intensity affects living organisms of a different level of organization, but the mechanism(s) of its influence is still not understood well. This study was undertaken to examine the effects of EHF EMI on tissue lipid peroxidation (LPO) of whole body exposure rats. Material and methods. Male Wistar rats were selected for this study. The animals were divided into two groups: sham exposed and experimental. The rats were exposed to the EMI of 42.2 and 50.3 GHz frequencies (power density 0.06 mW/cm2) for 20 min/ day, for five days. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) as the final product of the LPO was estimated in brain, liver, heart, and skeletal muscle of rats. Results. Treatment with EMI induced oxidative stress in different organs of the rats, which was indicated by the changes of MDA level depending on the EMI frequency used and exposure duration. The MDA rate shows significant increase in brain (P < 0.001) depending on the treatment duration for both EMI frequencies used. The slightly elevated levels of MDA in the liver were observed among rats in 50.3 GHz frequency EMI-exposed group. Concerning the skeletal muscle and especially the cardiac tissue, the MDA values remained at the same levels in experimental and control groups and did not differ significantly. Conclusions. The EHF EMI applied in the multiple mode significantly enhanced the lipid peroxidation level in the brain and slightly increased the same parameter in liver. The obtained data indicate possible health implications of such exposures, which may cause damage in brain.

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Trans-resveratrol supplement lowers lipid peroxidation responses of exercise in male Wistar rats

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000654 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Masoud Nasiri ◽

Saja Ahmadizad ◽

Mehdi Hedayati ◽

Tayebe Zarekar ◽

Mehdi Seydyousefi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽

Acute Response ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Exercise Induced ◽

And Control

Abstract. Physical exercise increases free radicals production; antioxidant supplementation may improve the muscle fiber’s ability to scavenge ROS and protect muscles against exercise-induced oxidative damage. This study was designed to examine the effects of all-trans resveratrol supplementation as an antioxidant to mediate anti-oxidation and lipid per-oxidation responses to exercise in male Wistar rats. Sixty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four equal number (n = 16) including training + supplement (TS), training (T), supplement (S) and control (C) group. The rats in TS and S groups received a dose of 10 mg/kg resveratrol per day via gavage. The training groups ran on a rodent treadmill 5 times per week at the speed of 10 m/min for 10 min; the speed gradually increased to 30 m/min for 60 minutes at the end of 12th week. The acute phase of exercise protocol included a speed of 25 m/min set to an inclination of 10° to the exhaustion point. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) activity, non-enzymatic antioxidants bilirubin, uric acid, lipid peroxidation levels (MDA) and the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured after the exercise termination. The data were analyzed by using one-way ANOVA. The result showed that endurance training caused a significant increase in MDA level [4.5 ± 0.75 (C group) vs. 5.9 ± 0.41 nmol/l (T group)] whereas it decreased the total antioxidant capacity [8.5 ± 1.35 (C group) vs. 7.1 ± 0.55 mmol/l (T group)] (p = 0.001). In addition, GPx and CAT decreased but not significantly (p > 0.05). The training and t-resveratrol supplementation had no significant effect on the acute response of all variables except MDA [4.3 ± 1.4 (C group) vs. 4.0 ± 0.90 nmol/l (TS group)] (p = 0.001) and TAC [8.5 ± 0.90 (C group) vs. 6.6 ± 0.80 mmol/l (TS group)] (p = 0.004). It was concluded that resveratrol supplementation may prevent exercise-induced oxidative stress by preventing lipid peroxidation.

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Increased uptake and phosphorylation of 2-deoxyglucose by skeletal muscles in endotoxin-treated rats

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.1987.253.1.e33 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 253 (1) ◽

pp. E33-E39 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

K. Meszaros ◽

G. J. Bagby ◽

C. H. Lang ◽

J. J. Spitzer

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Skeletal Muscles ◽

Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽

Glucose Utilization ◽

Abdominal Muscle ◽

Whole Body ◽

Fiber Types ◽

Double Labeling ◽

Lumped Constant ◽

And Control

Glucose metabolism of respiratory and nonrespiratory muscles of different fiber composition was investigated in conscious rats. The accumulation of phosphorylated 2-deoxyglucose (2DGP) was increased in skeletal muscles by 56-102% and in diaphragm by 236% at 3 h after treatment with 100 micrograms/100 g endotoxin. The increase was still marked at 24 h, whereas it diminished at 48 h in the diaphragm, abdominal muscle, and white portion of the quadriceps. In the red portion of this muscle 2DGP accumulation was less than that in time-matched controls at 24 and 48 h. Whole gastrocnemius (mixed-fiber types) showed no changes after 24 h. The high 2DGP accumulation in brain remained stable. The retention of 2DGP in tissues, studied by sequential double labeling, did not change 3 h after endotoxin. The lumped constant was similar in the isolated epitrochlear muscles of endotoxemic and control rats. Whole-body glucose utilization (Rd) was increased by 68% 3 h after endotoxin, but it was normal at 24 and 48 h. The increase of glucose utilization by the entire skeletal muscle mass was responsible for approximately 25% of the increase in Rd; therefore it appears that other tissues also contributed significantly to the endotoxin-induced alterations in carbohydrate metabolism.

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ETUDE DES REARRANGEMENTS CHROMOSOMIQUES PRODUITS DANS LES SPERMATOGONIES DU RAT ET DE LA SOURIS PAR UNE EXPOSITION AUX RAYONS X

Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology ◽

10.1139/g72-042 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 341-345 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

N. Gilliavod ◽

A. Léonard

Keyword(s):

Adult Male ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Whole Body ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

X Irradiation ◽

And Control

Adult male BALB/c mice and adult male Wistar rats were given whole body X-irradiation with 300 R. Irradiated and control animals were killed after 120 days to study in dividing spermatocytes the rate of translocation induced in spermatogonial stages. No significant difference was recorded between the two species with respect to the rate of cells with translocation configurations.

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Effects of Baru Almond and Brazil Nut Against Hyperlipidemia and Oxidative Stress In Vivo

Journal of Food Research ◽

10.5539/jfr.v4n4p38 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 38 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Daniela Canuto Fernandes ◽

Aline Medeiros Alves ◽

Gabriela Salim Ferreira Castro ◽

Alceu Afonso Jordao Junior ◽

Maria Margareth Veloso Naves

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Reference Group ◽

Brazil Nut ◽

High Fat ◽

High Fat Diets ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Hepatic Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Fat Diets ◽

And Control

This study evaluated the effect of baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) almond, an edible seed native from Brazilian Savanna, and Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa H. B. K.) on serum lipid profile and hepatic lipid peroxidation in rats fed high-fat diets. Four groups of eight young adult male Wistar rats were treated for nine weeks with one of the following diets: high-fat diets - 0.1% colic acid + 1% cholesterol + 5% lard + 15% of lipid from lard, baru almond or Brazil nut - and reference diet (7% soybean oil). Groups fed with baru almond and Brazil nut showed lower serum contents of total cholesterol and triacylglycerols than those of lard group. Baru almond group also showed higher HDL-c concentration than those of Brazil nut and lard groups, similar to that of reference group. Lipid peroxidation (through total malondialdehyde) was lower and vitamin E content was higher in the livers of the animals treated with baru almond and Brazil nut than those of lard group. These results indicate that the Brazilian native oilseeds, especially baru almond, have great potential for dietary use in dyslipidemia prevention and control.

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The effects of apelin treatment on skeletal muscle mitochondrial content

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.00422.2009 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 297 (6) ◽

pp. R1761-R1768 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Bruce C. Frier ◽

Deon B. Williams ◽

David C. Wright

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Protein Content ◽

Citrate Synthase ◽

Uncoupling Protein ◽

Whole Body ◽

Mitochondrial Content ◽

Ampk Signaling ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Whole Body Metabolism

Adipose tissue is recognized as a key player in the regulation of whole body metabolism. Apelin, is a recently identified adipokine that when given to mice results in increases in skeletal muscle uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) content. Similarly, acute apelin treatment has been shown to increase the activity of 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a reputed mediator of skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis. Given these findings, we sought to determine the effects of apelin on skeletal muscle mitochondrial content. Male Wistar rats were given daily intraperitoneal injections of apelin-13 (100 nmol/kg) for 2 wk. We made the novel observation that the activities of citrate synthase, cytochrome c oxidase, and β-hydroxyacyl coA dehydrogenase (βHAD) were increased in triceps but not heart and soleus muscles from apelin-treated rats. When confirming these results we found that both nuclear and mitochondrial-encoded subunits of the respiratory chain were increased in triceps from apelin-treated rats. Similarly, apelin treatment increased the protein content of components of the mitochondrial import and assembly pathway. The increases in mitochondrial marker proteins were associated with increases in proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1 (PGC-1β) but not PGC-1α or Pgc-1-related co-activator (PRC) mRNA expression. Chronic and acute apelin treatment did not increase the protein content and/or phosphorylation status of AMPK and its downstream substrate acetyl-CoA carboxylase. These findings are the first to demonstrate that apelin treatment can induce skeletal muscle mitochondrial content. Given the lack of an effect of apelin on AMPK signaling and PGC-1α mRNA expression, these results suggest that apelin increases skeletal muscle mitochondrial content through a mechanism that is distinct from that of more robust physiological stressors.

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Topiramate treatment causes skeletal muscle insulin sensitization and increased Acrp30 secretion in high-fat-fed male Wistar rats

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.00169.2005 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 289 (6) ◽

pp. E1015-E1022 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Jason J. Wilkes ◽

M. T. Audrey Nguyen ◽

Gautam K. Bandyopadhyay ◽

Elizabeth Nelson ◽

Jerrold M. Olefsky

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Drug Treatment ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Whole Body ◽

Glucose Disposal ◽

High Fat ◽

Fourfold Increase ◽

Male Wistar Rats

We show that Topiramate (TPM) treatment normalizes whole body insulin sensitivity in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed male Wistar rats. Thus drug treatment markedly lowered glucose and insulin levels during glucose tolerance tests and caused increased insulin sensitization in adipose and muscle tissues as assessed by euglycemic clamp studies. The insulin-stimulated glucose disposal rate increased twofold (indicating enhanced muscle insulin sensitivity), and suppression of circulating FFAs increased by 200 to 300%, consistent with increased adipose tissue insulin sensitivity. There were no effects of TPM on hepatic insulin sensitivity in these TPM-treated HFD-fed rats. In addition, TPM administration resulted in a three- to fourfold increase in circulating levels of total and high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin (Acrp30). Western blot analysis revealed normal AMPK (Thr172) phosphorylation in liver with a twofold increased phospho-AMPK in skeletal muscle in TPM-treated rats. In conclusion, 1) TPM treatment prevents overall insulin resistance in HFD male Wistar rats; 2) drug treatment improved insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue associated with enhanced AMPK phosphorylation; and 3) the tissue “specific” effects are associated with increased serum levels of adiponectin, particularly the HMW component.

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Seasonal changes in enzymes of aerobic heat production in the white-footed mouse

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.1981.240.5.r289 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 240 (5) ◽

pp. R289-R294 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

S. J. Wickler

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Heat Production ◽

Cardiac Tissue ◽

Citrate Synthase ◽

Whole Body ◽

Primary Role ◽

Beta Oxidation ◽

Brown Adipose ◽

Cyt C ◽

Hydroxyacyl Coa Dehydrogenase

During seasonal acclimatization in white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus), there is a substantial increase in the capacity for aerobic heat production under cold stress (Mmax) in winter animals. The possibility that increases in levels of enzymes involved in aerobic heat production could be responsible for the increase in Mmax was investigated in mice captured in summer and winter. Activities of citrate synthase (CS) and beta-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (HOAD) and concentrations of cytochrome c (cyt c) were measured in the two primary thermogenic tissues of small mammals, skeletal muscle and brown adipose tissue (BAT). Additionally, cyt c was measured in heart, liver, and whole-body samples. CS and cyt c were used as indicators of aerobic capacity, and HOAD was used to indicate the capacity for beta-oxidation. In winter CS, cyt c, and HOAD increased (expressed per g wet mass) in skeletal muscle and BAT. There was an increase in cyt c of whole-body samples, liver, and skeletal muscle of between 55 and 78%, but no change was observed in cardiac tissue. There was an approximately 80% increase in CS and HOAD in skeletal muscle. The highly aerobic nature of BAT and its primary role in heat production are supported by the high activities in summer animals and the increase observed in winter (200, 1,570, and 220% increase in CS, HOAD, and cyt c, respectively).

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ABOUT UNIFORMITY OF THE PHENOMENOLOGY AND THE MATHEMATICAL DESCRIPTION OF SO-CALLED « JOINED» ACTION OF HAZARDS AND COMBINED TOXICITY (ON THE EXAMPLE OF A COMBIBATION OF THE FLUORIDE AND THE STATIC MAGNETIC FIELD)

Токсикологический вестник ◽

10.36946/0869-7922-2016-5-13-20 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 13-20

Author(s):

B. A. Katsnelson ◽

M. P. Sutunkova ◽

N. A. Tsepilov ◽

V. G. Panov ◽

A. N. Varaksin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Static Magnetic Field ◽

Point Of View ◽

Whole Body ◽

Surface Model ◽

Combined Toxicity ◽

Fluoride Solution ◽

Adverse Action ◽

Biochemical Indices ◽

And Control

Sodium fluoride solution was injected i.p. to three groups of rats at a dose equivalent to 0.1 LD50 three times a week up to 18 injections. Two out of these groups and two out of three groups were sham-injected with normal saline and were exposed to the whole body impact of a 25 mT static magnetic field (SMF) for 2 or 4 hr a day, 5 times a week. Following the exposure, various functional and biochemical indices were evaluated along with histological examination and morphometric measurements of the femur in the differently exposed and control rats. The mathematical analysis of the combined effects of the SMF and fluoride based on the a response surface model demonstrated that, in full correspondence with what we had previously found for the combined toxicity of different chemicals, the combined adverse action of a chemical plus a physical agent was characterized by a tipological diversity depending not only on particular effects these types were assessed for but on the dose and effect levels as well. From this point of view, the indices for which at least one statistically significant effect was observed could be classified as identifying (I) mainly single-factor action; (II) additive unidirectional action; (III) synergism (superadditive unidirectional action); (IV) antagonism, including both subadditive unidirectional action and all variants of contradirectional action.

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Neural control of glucose uptake by skeletal muscle after central administration of NMDA

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.1995.268.2.r492 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 268 (2) ◽

pp. R492-R497 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C. H. Lang ◽

M. Ajmal ◽

A. G. Baillie

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Glucose Uptake ◽

Neural Control ◽

Plasma Insulin ◽

Regional Blood Flow ◽

Muscle Blood Flow ◽

Whole Body ◽

Glucose Disposal ◽

Central Administration

Intracerebroventricular injection of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) produces hyperglycemia and increases whole body glucose uptake. The purpose of the present study was to determine in rats which tissues are responsible for the elevated rate of glucose disposal. NMDA was injected intracerebroventricularly, and the glucose metabolic rate (Rg) was determined for individual tissues 20-60 min later using 2-deoxy-D-[U-14C]glucose. NMDA decreased Rg in skin, ileum, lung, and liver (30-35%) compared with time-matched control animals. In contrast, Rg in skeletal muscle and heart was increased 150-160%. This increased Rg was not due to an elevation in plasma insulin concentrations. In subsequent studies, the sciatic nerve in one leg was cut 4 h before injection of NMDA. NMDA increased Rg in the gastrocnemius (149%) and soleus (220%) in the innervated leg. However, Rg was not increased after NMDA in contralateral muscles from the denervated limb. Data from a third series of experiments indicated that the NMDA-induced increase in Rg by innervated muscle and its abolition in the denervated muscle were not due to changes in muscle blood flow. The results of the present study indicate that 1) central administration of NMDA increases whole body glucose uptake by preferentially stimulating glucose uptake by skeletal muscle, and 2) the enhanced glucose uptake by muscle is neurally mediated and independent of changes in either the plasma insulin concentration or regional blood flow.

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