scholarly journals El Pacto Verde Europeo como antesala de la Ley Europea del Clima

Bioderecho.es ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Rando Burgos
Keyword(s):  
Resource Use ◽  
Growth Strategy ◽  
Legal Obligation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Political Commitment ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
European Climate ◽  
Sustainable Economy ◽  
Global Threat ◽  
Competitive Economy

El cambio climático y la degradación del medio ambiente constituyen, desafortunadamente, una amenaza a nivel mundial. Europa, en un firme propósito por superar los retos que supone, aboga por una nueva estrategia de crecimiento capaz de transformarla en una economía moderna, eficiente en el uso de los recursos y competitiva, con un triple objetivo de partida: dejar de producir emisiones netas de gases de efecto invernadero en 2050; un crecimiento económico disociado del uso de recursos; que ninguna persona ni lugar se queden atrás. El logro de una economía sostenible en la Unión Europea toma, en principio, como hoja de ruta el Pacto Verde Europeo, pero trata de ir más allá en su propósito de ser climáticamente neutra en 2050, para lo que se ha propuesto una Ley Europea del Clima que convierta el actual compromiso político en una obligación legal. Climate change and environmental degradation are unfortunately a global threat. Europe, in a firm resolve to overcome the challenges it poses, advocates a new growth strategy capable of transforming it into a modern, resource-efficient and competitive economy, with a threefold objective: to stop producing net greenhouse gas emissions by 2050; economic growth decoupled from resource use; that no person or place is left behind. The achievement of a sustainable economy in the European Union takes, in principle, as a roadmap the European Green Deal, but tries to go further in its aim to be climate neutral in 2050 for which it has proposed a European Climate Law that turns the current political commitment into a legal obligation.

Are Crypto-Assets Green Enough? – An analysis of draft EU Regulation on markets in crypto assets from the perspective of the European Green Deal

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-250
Author(s):  
Emanuel Wanat
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Growth Strategy ◽  
Environmental Footprint ◽  
Current Effect ◽  
Consensus Protocol ◽  
Consumption Energy ◽  
Competitive Economy ◽  
The Eu

In 2019 European Commission announced “The European Green Deal” a “a new growth strategy that aims to transform the EU into a fair and prosperous society, with a modern, resource-efficient and competitive economy where there are no net emissions of greenhouse gases in 2050 and where economic growth is decoupled from resource use”. The digital sector must also participate in the Green Deal effort. This articles analyzes questions of sustainability in the context of crypto assets, with particular emphasis on the question of whether Bitcon acutally represent a crypto asset, energy consumption, energy drain, the proof-of-work consensus protocol, the environmental footprint of crypto assets. The article concludes that Bitcoin’s current effect on environment remains controversial at best.

scholarly journals Postlaunch evidence-generation studies for medical devices in Spain: the RedETS approach to integrate real-world evidence into decision making

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Serrano-Aguilar ◽  
Iñaki Gutierrez-Ibarluzea ◽  
Pilar Díaz ◽  
Iñaki Imaz-Iglesia ◽  
Jesús González-Enríquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Real World ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Political Commitment ◽  
Real World Evidence ◽  
Health Policy Decision ◽  
Regional Health Authorities

Abstract The Monitoring Studies (MS) program, the approach developed by RedETS to generate postlaunch real-world evidence (RWE), is intended to complement and enhance the conventional health technology assessment process to support health policy decision making in Spain, besides informing other interested stakeholders, including clinicians and patients. The MS program is focused on specific uncertainties about the real effect, safety, costs, and routine use of new and insufficiently assessed relevant medical devices carefully selected to ensure the value of the additional research needed, by means of structured, controlled, participative, and transparent procedures. However, despite a clear political commitment and economic support from national and regional health authorities, several difficulties were identified along the development and implementation of the first wave of MS, delaying its execution and final reporting. Resolution of these difficulties at the regional and national levels and a greater collaborative impulse in the European Union, given the availability of an appropriate methodological framework already provided by EUnetHTA, might provide a faster and more efficient comparative RWE of improved quality and reliability at the national and international levels.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Regional Efficiency of European Funds in Spain from the Perspective of Renewable Energy Production: The Regional Dimension

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4553
Author(s):  
Paul Mugambi ◽  
Miguel Blanco ◽  
Daniel Ogachi ◽  
Marcos Ferasso ◽  
Lydia Bares
Keyword(s):  
Smart Growth ◽  
Renewable Energies ◽  
Growth Strategy ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Investment Bank ◽  
Structural Funds ◽  
Spanish Regions ◽  
European Investment

During the 2010–2020 period, the European Union (EU) launched a growth strategy based on three fundamental pillars: smart growth, sustainable growth, and inclusive growth. Aiming to finance the projects related to these growth pillars, the EU used mainly the Rural Development Funds, the Structural Funds, those derived from the R&D Framework Program, the Trans-European Networks, and the European Investment Bank. This research aimed to determine whether the Spanish regions maintain homogeneous efficiency levels by using these resources to improve the levels of environmental quality related to renewable energies. A methodology that is frequently used by researchers in efficiency analyses was chosen, the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The main findings revealed that the efficiency in the use of renewable energies is very uneven among the Spanish regions and these differences are maintained throughout the period analyzed. These results highlighted the need of changes regarding the proposed criteria for allocating European resources to finance the projects presented by each Spanish region.

Euphoria Versus Sufferings: Revolutionary Rolpa in Post Conflict Context

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-114
Author(s):  
Sachin Ghimire
Keyword(s):  
Deep Level ◽  
Political Commitment ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
A Value ◽  
Pain And Suffering ◽  
Social Separation ◽  
The Relationship

Armed conflict has left behind a legacy of social separation, physical loss of human lives and a population suffering from many kinds of physical and mental morbidities. In the post-conflict context, a lengthy political transition, coterie politics and the absence of a stable government are severely hindering the realisation of people's aspirations. Such hindrances have fostered a deep level of political frustration and promoted a culture of depoliticization. In Rolpa, lack of political commitment has meant people's health has become an overlooked agenda and has forced people to lose hope for change and survive with silent sufferings. Through the lens of a value-critical approach, this paper attempts to explore the relationship between politics of exclusion and its reflection on individual level pain and suffering in Rolpa.

The legal and ethical aspects of telemedicine. 1: Confidentiality and the patient's rights of access

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Stanberry
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Medical Data ◽  
Legal Obligation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Ethical Aspects ◽  
Patients Rights ◽  
Patient’S Rights ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Uk

This paper reviews the principle of confidentiality and the rights of access by patients to their medical records. Confidentiality has been germane to the ethics of medical practice since the time of Hippocrates but the nature of the legal obligation of confidence does not have such a clear pedigree. The introduction of crossborder telemedical consultations presents a very real danger to maintaining the confidentiality of medical data. While both the common law and statute law can be used to prevent the unauthorized interception and disclosure of medical data and protect the patient's rights of access and ownership in the UK, it is the harmonization regime of the European Union that will bring comprehensive regulation and legal clarity to the protection of patients' rights within an increasingly international medical super-specialty'.

scholarly journals Swiss Climate Change Law

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-47
Author(s):  
Julia Hänni ◽  
Tienmu Ma
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Climate Change Policy ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Climate ◽  
Change Policy ◽  
European Court ◽  
Recent Innovation ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Reduce Emissions

AbstractThis chapter explores the relationship between Swiss climate change law and the international and European climate change regimes. At the international level, the chapter reviews the three major international agreements regulating the field: the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Kyoto Protocol to the UNFCCC, and the Paris Agreement. And at the national and regional levels, the chapter briefly describes the CO2 Act—often considered the heart of Swiss climate change policy—and questions whether it will prove effective in achieving its explicitly stated emissions reduction targets. The chapter then reviews the most significant recent innovation in the evolution of Swiss climate change policy: joining the Emissions Trading System (ETS) established by the European Union. Due to long-standing problems afflicting the ETS, the authors raise doubts about whether Switzerland’s joining the scheme will lead to meaningful reductions in the country’s greenhouse gas emissions. As an alternative to an ETS-centric approach, the authors refer to an approach centered on human rights. Drawing on the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR), the major international climate change agreements, other sources of international law, and the recent Urgenda decision of the Supreme Court of the Netherlands, the authors argue that under the human rights approach, Switzerland would be obligated to take stronger measures to reduce emissions than it could hope to achieve through the ETS and the CO2 Act alone.

scholarly journals THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EUROPEAN GREEN DEAL

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melita Carević
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
European Union ◽  
Growth Strategy ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Public Investments ◽  
Environmental Objectives ◽  
Legislative Proposals

This paper aims to explore how the COVID-19 pandemic influenced the implementation of the European Green Deal and to which extent have the European Union’s green growth and sustainable development goals been incorporated into its COVID-19 Recovery Strategy. The European Union’s Green Deal, a ‘generation defining’ growth strategy, which lays down the strategic pathway of the European Union’s economic development for the upcoming two decades, has been faced with a major challenge shortly after its adoption in December 2019. However, despite the COVID-19 pandemic, which has continuously been putting all European Union member states to a harsh challenge during the past year, climate change and the green transition have been at the top of the political agenda in the European Union and have managed to occupy the attention of the mainstream politics and European Union citizens. Furthermore, the unprecedented levels of public financing which have been mobilised due to the pandemic have provided an opportunity for speeding up the green transition, without which the achievement of the Green Deal’s main aims and the fulfilment of the European Union’s obligations under the Paris Agreement would likely be put in question. In order to analyse how the has the COVID-19 pandemic influenced the implementation of the Green Deal, the paper first examines how the member states and the European Union institutions initially reacted to the idea of pursuing the implementation of the Green Deal simultaneously with economic recovery. This is accomplished through an analysis of statements given by the European Union and member state officials and the adopted measures and legislative proposals. The paper then focuses on publicly available data on legislative delays in regard to the implementation of the Green Deal which took place due to the pandemic and concludes that no significant postponements occurred. It subsequently turns to examine which measures have been adopted at the European Union level that link the economic recovery and the green transition. In this regard, special attention is paid to the Recovery and Resilience Facility and its measures aimed at ensuring that member states pursue climate change and environmental objectives in their recovery plans. Given the size of the public investments which will take place in the following years, the paper emphasises the importance of stringent environmental standards in order to ensure that they contribute to the green transition and avoid a fossil fuel lock-in.

scholarly journals Social Identity, Personality and Connectedness: Probing the Identity and Community Divides behind Brexit

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siobhan McAndrew ◽  
Paula Surridge ◽  
Neema Begum
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Racial Identity ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Racial Identities ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

The UK vote to leave the European Union in June 2016 surprised and confounded academics and commentators alike. Existing accounts have focused on anti-immigration attitudes, anti-establishment sentiment and on the ‘left behind’, as well as on national identity. This paper expands the range of possible explanations for the vote by considering a wider range of identity measures, including class and racial identities, and by considering in detail the role played by connectedness to others and to localities. We find evidence that racial identity was particularly important for White British voters, extending our understanding of the relationship between territorial identities, ethnicity and attitudes towards the European Union. Connectedness via networks also structures attitudes, with those with higher levels of and more diverse connections having more favourable attitudes towards the EU. Whilst these effects are smaller than those of education and age, they are nonetheless comparable with those of class and income, and suggest that we should be wary of accounts of attitudes towards the EU that fail to locate voters within their social contexts.

scholarly journals Modern Approach To Organizational Resources Based On The Example Of The Elbląg Furniture Cluster

Equilibrium ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
Rafał Kućmański
Keyword(s):  
The European Union ◽  
Lisbon Strategy ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
The World ◽  
New Type ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth ◽  
Competitive Economy

The Lisbon Strategy, which is implementing a new type of economic policy, is intended to change the economy of the European Union into a knowledge-based economy which will be the most competitive economy in the world. This should lead to sustainable economic growth by, among other things, providing a bigger number of better jobs and greater social cohesion. The issues of the development of competitiveness and innovativeness in European regions, which have their roots in the Lisbon Strategy and have transformed into the Regional Innovation Strategies, have become increasingly popular and significant. One of the tools facilitating this development is undoubtedly the cluster. The purpose of the present article is to outline new approaches to the world economy. It also presents an innovative dimension of co-operation as well as various forms of organizing contemporary entrepreneurship.

Global knowledge? Cooperation and conflict in the post-hegemonic era: Facing the pandemic crisis

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Miranda ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International System ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Global Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Cooperation ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Global Threat ◽  
The Impact

In recent decades, we have witnessed the consolidation of the knowledge society, based on a process of globalization, which promotes the consolidation of the knowledge economy as an emerging paradigm, as well as promoting new dynamics of scientific cooperation, especially from the European Union to the rest of the world. Agreements, summits, and a network of science diplomacy have been set up reflecting the impact of knowledge on new development models. From this process, conceived as a catalyst for value chains based on knowledge intensity, it is possible to glimpse new power conflicts related to other recent conflicts for economic and political hegemony on a global scale. This study aims to analyze countries’ behavior vis-à-vis the global threat of the COVID 19 pandemic, based on the correlation between their ability to face it and their levels of knowledge-based development as a differentiating element in terms of vulnerability. The results show a process where scientific cooperation has given way to a field of geopolitical competition between the actors of the international system, affecting their levels of vulnerability to global threats.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document