scholarly journals Evaluación e intervención psicológica en jugadoras de hockey sobre hierba femenino.

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-74
Author(s):  
Veronica Tutte Vallarino ◽  
Cristina Reche García ◽  
Viviana Álvarez Zecchini
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Psychological Skills ◽  
Competitive Anxiety ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Psychological Training ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Visualization Techniques

El objeto de este estudio de caso fue evaluar las habilidades psicológicas de jugadoras de hockey hierba, y, por otro lado, la eficacia de la participación en un programa de entrenamiento psicológico en las características psicológicas relacionadas con el rendimiento deportivo. Participaron 10 jugadoras de hockey de 16 a 26 años de la selección de hockey hierba femenino de categoría senior. La intervención psicológica se realizó en Montevideo-Uruguay, durante 16 sesiones a través de trabajo individualizado (voluntario) y trabajo grupal (obligatorio) con un enfoque cognitivo-conductual. La intervención estuvo formada por técnicas y estrategias como la reestructuración cognitiva; la autocaracterización; la técnica de la Rejilla de concentración y Stroop; habilidades de comunicación y de autoconocimiento; auto-registros conductuales; observaciones-confrontaciones e interpretaciones; y técnicas de relajación y visualización. Se administró el Cuestionario de Características Psicológicas relacionadas con el Rendimiento Deportivo en jugadores de fútbol (CPRD-f, Olmedilla, García y Martínez, 2007) antes y después de la intervención de 4 meses de duración. Los resultados indican que las habilidades psicológicas en estas deportistas son caracterizadas por niveles altos de autoconfianza; impermeabilidad a la evaluación del rendimiento; manejo de la ansiedad competitiva y de la atención-concentración. Aparecen diferencias significativas tras la intervención que favorecen la calma ante las diferentes situaciones relacionadas con la competición, con un aumento del manejo de la ansiedad competitiva. Se plantea la necesidad de transferir esta información a psicólogos del deporte que intervengan a jugadoras de hockey, facilitando la selección y ajuste de estrategias psicológicas específicas en los planes de entrenamiento con el objetivo de mantener y fortalecer sus habilidades psicológicas llegando a conseguir que se manifiesten al máximo nivel. Palabras clave: entrenamiento psicológico, hockey femenino, CPRD-f, rendimiento deportivo. The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the psychological skills of grass hockey players, and, on the other hand, the effectiveness of participation in a psychological training program on psychological characteristics related to athletic performance. Ten hockey players from 16 to 26 years old participated in the senior women's field hockey team. The psychological intervention was carried out during 16 sessions through individualized work (voluntary) and group The intervention consisted of techniques and strategies such as cognitive restructuring; self-characterization; the technique of the concentration grid and Stroop; communication and self-knowledge skills; behavioral self-records; observations-confrontations and interpretations; and relaxation and visualization techniques. The CPRD-f (Olmedilla, García and Martínez, 2007) was administered before and after the 4-month intervention. The results indicate that the psychological skills in these athletes are characterized by high levels of self-confidence; impermeability to performance evaluation; management of competitive anxiety and attention-concentration. Significant differences appear after the intervention that favor calm against the different situations related to the competition. The need arises to transfer this information to sports psychologists who intervene hockey players, facilitating the selection and adjustment of specific psychological strategies in training plans with the aim of maintaining and strengthening their psychological skills, getting them to manifest themselves to the maximum level.  Keywords: Psychological training, female hockey, CPRD-f, sports performance. O objetivo deste estudo de caso foi avaliar as habilidades psicológicas de jogadoras de hóquei na grama, assim como a efetividade durante a participação em um programa de treinamento baseado nas características psicológicas relacionadas com o desempenho esportivo. Dez jogadoras de hóquei entre 16 e 26 anos participaram da seleção feminina ha categoria sênior. A intervenção psicológica foi realizada em Montevidéu, Uruguai, por meio de 16 sessões, através de trabalho individualizado (voluntário) e trabalho em grupo (obrigatório) com uma abordagem cognitiva/comportamental. A intervenção foi realizada por técnicas com o emprego de estratégias como reestruturação cognitiva, autocaracterização, técnica da capacidade de concentração e habilidades de comunicação e autoconhecimento, registros autocomportamentais, observações, confrontos e interpretações e técnicas de relaxamento e visualização. Foi aplicado um questionário das características psicológicas relacionadas ao desempenho esportivo em jogadores de futebol (CPRD-f, Olmedilla, García y Martínez, 2007) antes e após a intervenção de quatro meses. Os resultados indicam que as habilidades psicológicas desses atletas são caracterizadas por altos níveis de autoconfiança e permeabilidade à avaliação do desempenho da gestão competitiva da ansiedade e concentração. Diferenças significativas apareceram após a intervenção que favorecem a calma diante das diferentes situações relacionadas à competição, com um aumento no gerenciamento da ansiedade competitiva. Surge a necessidade então de transferir essas informações aos psicólogos esportivos que intervêm junto aos jogadores de hóquei, facilitando a seleção e o ajuste de estratégias específicas nos planos de treinamento como objetivo de manter e fortalecer suas habilidades psicológicas, fazendo com que elas se manifestem no mais alto nível. Palavras-chave: Treinamento psicológico, hóquei feminino, CPRD-f, desempenho esportivo.  

A retrospective investigation of the impact of ‘eventing phase (dressage, show-jumping and cross-country)’ on pre-competition anxiety and self-confidence

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-281
Author(s):  
S. McGinn ◽  
D. Alcock ◽  
L.J. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Tension ◽  
Psychological Skills ◽  
Competitive Anxiety ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Equestrian Sports ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Equestrian Sport ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Show Jumping ◽  
The Impact

Working in the discipline of eventing (the triathlon of equestrian sport), the present study aims to extend current literature on the use of psychological skills within equestrian sports, by understanding and identifying differences in levels of self-confidence and competitive anxiety. Each eventing phase (dressage, show-jumping and cross-country) was considered and its impact on anxiety and self-confidence analysed. Level of competition was considered a covariate and its effect on specific eventing phases and any associated influence on anxiety and self-confidence within eventing phase was analysed. An experimental, 3×3 factorial, within-subjects design was used. 57 participants (52 female and 5 male; 18 professional, 36 amateur and 3 undefined) completed the Revised Competitive Sport Anxiety Inventory 2 (CSAI-2R), a 17-item questionnaire measuring anxiety and self-confidence. Descriptive statistics identified the show-jumping phase had the largest impact on rider somatic anxiety (SA) and cognitive anxiety (CA). The cross-country phase had the highest self-confidence mean score. Spearman’s rank correlations showed both SA and CA were debilitative for all competition levels. Both SA and CA were found to be more debilitating in the show-jumping phase when self-confidence was low. MANCOVA analysis showed that eventing phase had significant effect on anxiety and self-confidence when controlling for level of competition. Dependent on the eventing phase riders are competing in, they experience different levels of arousal and self-confidence. When SA and CA are a debilitative source of anxiety, this could result in rider muscle tension which is not conducive to effective horse-rider communication. Coaches or sports psychologists should consider how to help riders manage their anxiety levels in relation to the competition phase, with the intention of enhancing self-confidence and enabling facilitative SA and CA in preparation for eventing performance.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of the Psychological Intervention in Amateur Male Marathon Runners

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose C. Jaenes ◽  
Dominika Wilczyńska ◽  
David Alarcón ◽  
Rafael Peñaloza ◽  
Arturo Casado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Relaxation Techniques ◽  
Psychological Skills ◽  
Psychological Skills Training ◽  
Marathon Runners ◽  
Before And After

Background: The Marathon runners must have the proper technical preparation to reach excellence and to achieve adequate psychological preparation for the race. Against this background, the current study aims to describe the implementation results of a cognitive-behavioral intervention based on psychological skills training for marathon runners.Methods: Fourteen amateur male marathoners with an average age of 30 (SD = 5.75) were trained with various emotional and cognitive control techniques to enhance their performance in competition. Various psychological variables, related to the subjects level of perceived stress, and to qualitative characteristics of their thoughts were measured before and after the target marathon race. Results were analyzed through non-parametric tests for two related samples. The Cohen's d effect size for single-group pretest-posttest repeated measures were also performed.Results: Statistical analysis reveals that, controlling for age and running experience, the intervention decreased significantly the level of perceived stress and the occurrence of negative thoughts before the race, during, and after the race.Conclusion: Training in cognitive control and relaxation techniques, as part of the psychological skills training could determine the quality of performance of marathon runners.

The Intensity and Directional Interpretation of Anxiety: Fluctuations Throughout Competition and Relationship to Performance

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Butt ◽  
Robert Weinberg ◽  
Thelma Horn
Keyword(s):  
Skills Training ◽  
Psychological Skills ◽  
Psychological Skills Training ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Perceived Performance ◽  
Anxiety Measurement ◽  
Cognitive Anxiety ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
Retrospective Recall ◽  
The Relationship

The purposes of the present investigation were twofold: (a) to investigate the fluctuations of anxiety and self-confidence throughout competition by measuring these variables retrospectively before, during, and after competition and (b) to investigate the relationship between the intensity and directional interpretation of anxiety and perceived performance across competition. Field hockey players (N = 62) completed the modified Mental Readiness Form-Likert (MRF-2) within 30 minutes after competition using the method of retrospective recall. Results indicated significant fluctuations across competition for cognitive anxiety intensity and direction, somatic anxiety intensity, and self-confidence intensity. Results also revealed that the strongest predictors of performance across both halves were self-confidence intensity and direction and cognitive anxiety direction. These findings should have important implications for practitioners and sport psychologists because anxiety measurement and confidence are critical parts of most psychological skills training programs.

Training the Mind for Now and the Future: A Case Study of a Young Swimmer

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Jolly Roy
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Mental Toughness ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Competitive Anxiety ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
National Competition ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Mind

This case study describes how psychological intervention was associated with improved performance. Adopting a cognitive approach, this case highlights a psychological intervention provided to a young swimmer who wished to improve her performance in a butterfly event and qualify for the national competition in her age group. The intervention focused on developing mental toughness, managing competitive anxiety, and maintaining self-confidence before competition. The results indicated improvement in mental toughness, ability to manage competitive anxiety, and being in the right mood before competition. Reflective practice provides a tentative suggestion for sport psychology practitioners who wish to engage in consultancy services.

scholarly journals Resilient Resources in Youth Athletes and Their Relationship with Anxiety in Different Team Sports

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 5569
Author(s):  
Juan González-Hernández ◽  
Marcial Gomariz-Gea ◽  
Alfonso Valero-Valenzuela ◽  
Manuel Gómez-López
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Somatic Anxiety ◽  
Youth Athletes ◽  
Competitive Anxiety ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Psychological Training ◽  
The Face

The objective of this study is to show the links and differences in the expressions of competitive anxiety in the face of the existence of resilient resources in young athletes, according to sporting (years of experience) and personal (gender) characteristics. To meet these aims, the participants answered the Resilience Scale (RS-14) and the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2R (CSAI-2R). The sample consisted of 241 adolescent handball and basketball players between 14 and 17 years old. Different analyses were performed, including a differential and multivariate descriptive, a correlation, and a multiple regression. The results showed that anxiety was negatively related to resilience in its acceptance dimension. It was shown that girls showed higher levels of somatic anxiety, while boys showed higher levels of acceptance. Statistically significant differences were found in the resources for acceptance in favor of boys, while there were significantly different indicators in somatic anxiety and self-confidence in favor of girls. The sports experience was positively related to resilience and negatively to anxiety. Although the existence of indicators of cognitive anxiety (e.g., recurrent thoughts or rhyming), coaches and athletes need to understand that they are also indicators of a necessary activation for psychological functioning. Channeling such a process through psychological training of different skills will enhance the capacities for self-confidence.

scholarly journals 3D immersive environment as a psychological training tool to enhance self-confidence and reduce competitive anxiety for Malaysian volleyball athletes

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tan Mei Jing
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Peak Performance ◽  
Psychological Skills ◽  
Somatic Anxiety ◽  
Competitive Anxiety ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Cognitive Anxiety ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Immersive Environment

<p>Currently, great emphasis is placed on the development and intervention of psychology in sports in order to address the problem of athletes’ failure to achieve peak performance in actual competitions. This problem is primarily due to internal factors, such as anxieties, as well as external factors, such as the high pressure of the competitive environments athletes encounter. In this study, the cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety and self confidence levels amongst elite and sub-elite Malaysian volleyball players are defined (male sample n = 50; female sample n = 35; age range between 17 to 25 years). These parameters were measured using the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory (CSAI-2), in which the questionnaires were completed by all respondents 30 minutes prior to the start of a competition. The findings indicated that there was a significant difference (p &lt; 0.005) in cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety and self-confidence among elite and sub-elite Malaysian (male and female) volleyball athletes. According to the findings, the competitive anxiety levels of the sub-elite athletes were higher than the elite, mainly due to the inability of the sub-elite athletes to control their emotions using psychological skills. In order to minimize this problem, a novel approach that involves using virtual reality to reduce the athletes’ competitive anxiety was proposed. This approach utilizes a 3D immersive environment that was developed based on the challenging real-world situations encountered during a volleyball match. The design and development of this approach is predicted to enhance athletes’ psychological skills, and in turn ensure that they can achieve peak performance under high pressure conditions.</p>

scholarly journals RETHINKING THE ROLE OF ANXIETY AND SELF-EFFICACY IN COLLECTIVE SPORTS ACHIEVEMENTS

1970 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-115
Author(s):  
Dušanka Đurović ◽  
Stanislava Popov ◽  
Jelena Sokić ◽  
Slađana Grujić ◽  
Aleksandra Z. Aleksić Veljković
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Competitive Anxiety ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Cognitive Anxiety ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
General Self Efficacy

The influence of anxiety and self-confidence of an athlete with an emphasis on self-efficacy has been the subject of numerous research in the sport, but their relationship is not fully understood. In our research, we try to explain that competitive anxiety influences sports achievement only through the level of General Self-Efficacy. A lower level of General Self-Efficacy leads to lower sports achievement. In order to explore the relationship between General Self-Efficacy and anxiety on sports achievement, we examined 76 active athletes in collective sports, as well as their trainers. The following instruments were applied: Competitive Sports Anxiety Inventory, Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale, and Questionnaire of sports achievement (ad hoc made instrument). The results show that cognitive anxiety negatively correlates with sports achievement (r = -.38, p≤ .01), as opposed to somatic anxiety that does not show a significant association with achievement. However, the highest relationship is a positive correlation between General Self-Efficacy and sports achievement  (r = .51, p≤ .01). In Regression analysis, however, a significant predictor of sports achievement is only General Self-Efficacy (β = .389; p≤ .01) while the significance of cognitive anxiety is lost (β = -178; p = .339). Additional Bootstrapping analyses were conducted to examine the potential mediating effect of General Self-Efficacy in the relationship between competitive anxiety and sports achievement. We found a significant indirect effect of cognitive anxiety on achievement only through General Self-Efficacy (b= -.30, CI /-.73, -.07/), while the direct effect is not significant once the mediator is introduced. In the reversed analyses, with competitive anxiety as a mediator, the mediation was not significant, which means that high anxiety reduces sports achievement only through undermining self-efficacy, and not directly. The obtained result suggests that self-efficacy has the primary role in sports achievement. Consequently, for improving sports achievement, psychological intervention should primarily focus on increasing self-efficacy.

scholarly journals The role of a sports psychologist in competition trainin

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Alexandra-Cristina Nicolescu
Keyword(s):  
Mental States ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Mental Training ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Psychological Training ◽  
Visualization Techniques ◽  
And Training

Psychological training of athletes for competitions is intended to "develop the ability to self-regulate mental states and training and competition conducts" [7, p. 318], mental training programme including, among other things: relaxation and visualization techniques [8; 11; 17], goals setting [8; 11; 12; 17], as well as growing self-confidence [4; 10; 13; 19; 21].

scholarly journals Simulation-based Training for Pelvic and Breast Physical Examination: Effect on the Anxiety and Self-confidence of Medical Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 739-745
Author(s):  
Talles Dias Orsi ◽  
Ana Lucia Ribeiro Valadares ◽  
Paula Miranda Esteves Orsi ◽  
Isabella Miranda Esteves Orsi ◽  
Alexandre Sampaio Moura
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Student Anxiety ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Confidence Levels ◽  
Learning Satisfaction ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Breast Examination ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Objective To evaluate factors associated with anxiety and the effect of simulation-based training (SBT) on student anxiety, self-confidence and learning satisfaction in relation to pelvic and breast examination. Methods A longitudinal study was conducted with 4th year medical students at the Universidade José do Rosário Vellano. A 12-item, self-report questionnaire on student anxiety at performing gynecological examinations was applied before and after SBT, with answers being given on a Likert-type scale. After training, the self-confidence levels and satisfaction of the students related to the learning process were also evaluated. Results Eighty students with a mean age of 24.1 ± 4.2 years were included in the study. Of these, 62.5% were women. Pre-SBT evaluation showed that students were more anxious at performing a pelvic examination than a breast examination (2.4 ± 1.0 versus 1.7 ± 0.8, respectively; p < 0.001). The primary reason for anxiety regarding both pelvic and breast examination was fear of hurting the patient. SBT significantly reduced student anxiety (2.0 ± 0.8 versus 1.5 ± 0.5, respectively; p < 0.001). The satisfaction and self-confidence of the students were found to be high (6.8 ± 0.3 and 6.0 ± 0.9, respectively), with no difference between genders. Conclusion The use of SBT in teaching students to perform pelvic and breast examinations resulted in reduced anxiety and increased self-confidence in a group of medical students of both genders, with high levels of satisfaction in relation to the training.

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