scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of the Life Orientation Test (LOT-R) for Sport

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-268
Author(s):  
Daniela Lopes Angelo ◽  
Diógenes Bido ◽  
Mariana Corrêa ◽  
Bruno Hupfer ◽  
Maria Regina Brandão
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
Average Variance ◽  
Orientation Test

El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue adaptar y evaluar culturalmente las propiedades psicométricas del Life Orientation Test para el contexto deportivo (LOT-S). La muestra consistió en 953 jóvenes atletas brasileños de ambos sexos, con una edad media de 16 años. Los resultados del análisis factorial confirmatorio produjeron dos dimensiones correlacionadas, que reflejan optimismo y pesimismo, y brindaron apoyo para un modelo de dos factores. Se encontró un ajuste satisfactorio para LOT-S con 6 ítems (χ2=10.96, df=8; RMSEA=.020 (IC 90%=.021-.049); CFI=.995; TLI=990; NFI=.980; GFI=.996; SRMR=.032). También se generaron pruebas satisfactorias de consistencia interna a través del análisis de cargas factoriales y valores t. Los índices alfa de Cronbach (.68/ .65) y la Fiabilidad Compuesta (.72/ .65) fueron adecuados en las variables latentes Optimismo y Pesimismo, respectivamente. Los valores de varianza promedio extraídos fueron insatisfactorios, sin embargo, las correlaciones positivas con Optimismo y las correlaciones negativas con Pesimismo entre Motivación, Resiliencia y Bienestar fueron indicativas de validez convergente. Las correlaciones entre las variables latentes en comparación con las raíces cuadradas de los valores de varianza promedio extraídos de cada constructo mostraron que el modelo tiene validez discriminante. Se logró la invariancia configuracional, métrica y escalar, lo que indica que LOT-S puede medir atletas de ambos sexos por igual. Aunque se necesitan más estudios para confirmar las propiedades psicométricas del instrumento, la adaptación de LOT al contexto deportivo fue el primer paso en el futuro sobre la influencia del Optimismo en el rendimiento deportivo Palabras clave: optimismo; pesimismo; dimensionalidad; estudio de validación   The main objective of this research was to culturally adapt and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Life Orientation Test version for the sports context (LOT-S). The sample consisted of 953 young Brazilian athletes of both sexes, with a mean age of 16 years. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis produced two correlated dimensions, reflecting optimism and pessimism, and provided support for a two-factor model. A satisfactory fit for LOT-S with six items was found (χ2=10.96, df=8; RMSEA=.020 (IC 90%=.021-.049); CFI=.995; TLI=990; NFI=.980; GFI=.996; SRMR=.032). Satisfactory tests of internal consistency were also generated through the analysis of factorial loads and t-values. Cronbach's alpha (.68/ .65) and Composite Reliability (.72/ .65) were adequate in Optimism and Pessimism, respectively. The values of average variance extracted were unsatisfactory, however, positive correlations with optimism and negative with pessimism between Motivation, Resilience and Well-Being were indicative of convergent validity. The correlations between the latent variables compared to the square roots of the average variance extracted values of each construct showed that the model has discriminant validity. The configural, metric and scalar invariance was achieved, indicating that the LOT-S can measure athletes of both sexes equally. Although more studies are needed to confirm the psychometric properties of the instrument, adapting the LOT to the sport context was the first step in the future works about the influence of Optimism on sports performance. Keywords: optimism; pessimism; dimensionality; validation study. O principal objetivo desta pesquisa foi adaptar culturalmente e avaliar as propriedades psicométricas do Life Orientation Test para o contexto esportivo (LOT-S). A amostra foi composta por 953 jovens atletas brasileiros de ambos os sexos, com idade média de 16 anos. Os resultados da análise fatorial confirmatória produziram duas dimensões correlacionadas, refletindo otimismo e pessimismo e forneceram suporte para um modelo de dois fatores. Foi encontrado um ajuste satisfatório para LOT-S com seis itens (χ2=10.96, df=8; RMSEA=.020 (IC 90%=.021-.049); CFI=.995; TLI=990; NFI=.980; GFI=.996; SRMR=.032). Testes satisfatórios de consistência interna foram gerados através da análise de cargas fatoriais e valores-t. Os índices alfa de Cronbach (.68/ .65) e de Confiabilidade Composta (72/ .65) foram adequados para Otimismo e Pessimismo, respectivamente. Os valores de variância média extraída foram insatisfatórios, no entanto, correlações positivas entre Otimismo e negativas entre Pessimismo e Motivação, Resiliência e Bem-Estar foram indicativos de validade convergente. As correlações entre as variáveis latentes comparadas às raízes quadradas dos valores de variância média extraída de cada construto mostraram que o modelo possui validade discriminante. A invariância configural, métrica e escalar foi alcançada, indicando que o LOT-S pode medir atletas de ambos os sexos igualmente. Embora sejam necessários mais estudos para confirmar as propriedades psicométricas do instrumento, a adaptação do LOT ao contexto esportivo foi o primeiro passo no futuro para a influência do otimismo no desempenho esportivo Palavras-chave: otimismo; pessimismo; dimensionalidade; estudo de validação.  

Examining the Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties of the Chinese Version of the Life Orientation Test in Older Chinese Immigrants

2019 ◽  
Vol 123 (6) ◽  
pp. 2617-2636
Author(s):  
Vivian Huang ◽  
Kitty Ching Lo ◽  
Alexandra J. Fiocco
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Chinese Immigrants ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Chinese Version ◽  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
Older Chinese ◽  
Orientation Test

The current study examined the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Revised Life Orientation Test (CLOT-R) in a sample of 342 community-dwelling older Chinese immigrants in Canada (mean age = 71.99, SD = 5.62; 58.5% female). Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that the CLOT-R yields a two-factor model with one item cross-loading on two latent constructs of optimism and pessimism. Analysis further revealed poor internal consistency and convergent validity. Evidence for discriminant and convergent validity was found between optimism and perceived stress, as well as optimism and quality of life. Compared with the factor structure reported in previous Chinese-speaking samples, the modified two-factor structure found in the current group of older Chinese immigrants could be attributed to the heterogeneity of the sample and possible configural variance across culture and age. Overall, the current findings suggest that the CLOT-R may not be a reliable and valid measure to assess dispositional optimism and pessimism among older Chinese immigrants. Theoretical implications and suggestions for further scale development and research is discussed.

Psychometric Properties of Scheier and Carver's Life Orientation Test in a Sample of Australian Prisoners

2008 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 305-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria M. Allan ◽  
Margaret Giles
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Sentence Length ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Orientation Test

The psychometric properties of Scheier and Carver's 1985 Life Orientation Test (LOT), which is a measure of optimism, were examined as part of a study of education, training, work experience, and expectations of sentenced adult prisoners in Western Australia. All prisoners at five metropolitan public prisons were invited to participate and 453 accepted. This represented a response rate overall of about 41%, with response rates at each of the individual prisons ranging from 13% to 90%. The average age of the prisoner sample was 34.4 yr. ( SD= 10.2 yr.). The proportion of men in the sample was 79.7%. Mean sentence length was 66.9 mo. (58.5 for women and 69.2 for men), and the number of months of sentence remaining averaged 44.4 mo. (41.0 for women and 45.3 for men). Means and standard deviations of the LOT scores for prisoners were similar to those of other groups, and demographic differences between prisoners were not statistically significantly related to scores. The internal reliability of the LOT scores was acceptable. Confirmatory factor analyses indicated that the two-factor item-keying model fitted the prisoner data better than a one-factor model. However, the two factors did not simply reflect underlying optimism and pessimism constructs but were substantially affected by item keying.

scholarly journals The Life Orientation Test: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis Across Three Age Groups

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 459-459
Author(s):  
Robert Intrieri ◽  
Paige Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Model Comparisons ◽  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Orientation Test

Abstract The Life Orientation Test (LOT; Scheier & Carver, 1985) was developed as a measure of dispositional optimism. Optimism has been linked to positive life outcomes and is associated with psychological (Carver & Gaines, 1987; Scheier & Carver, 1985) and physical (Scheier & Carver, 1987; Scheier et al. 1989) well-being. The current study assessed 520 people placed into three age groups: young adult (n =149), middle-age adult (n = 252), and older adult (n = 119). The mean age for the young group was 19.24 (SD = 2.01), middle-aged (47.68 (SD = 4.75), and old was 71.99 (SD = 7.21). Data were submitted for a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) which tested for invariance across the age groups. Previous factor analyses have identified two distinct factors representing optimism and pessimism. Results from the CFA showed that both Configural and Metric invariance models demonstrated acceptable fit for the two factor model (□2(df=57) = 61.92, p = 0.3047; □2(df=69) = 78.77, p = 0.1974). In contrast, Scalar invariance resulted in a poor fit across the three age groups (□2(df=81) = 139.288, p < 0.0001). Model comparisons revealed no significant differences between Configural and Metric models (□2(df=12) = 16.996, p = 0.1498). Model comparisons between Configural and Scalar and Metric and Scalar were (□2(df=24) = 78.947, p < 0.0001; □2(df=12) = 61.764, p < 0.0001). These results confirm previous research that shows a correlated two factor model consistent with the concept that optimism and pessimism are correlated elements rather than two ends of a continuum.

Dispositional Optimism and Well-Being in College Students: Self-Efficacy as a Mediator

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 783-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulan Yu ◽  
Jun Luo
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Dispositional Optimism ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
General Self Efficacy ◽  
Orientation Test

We used the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Life Orientation Test Revised, and the Revised Oxford Happiness Scale to investigate the correlations among dispositional optimism, self-efficacy, and subjective well-being in 2,578 college students. The results showed that self-efficacy, dispositional optimism, and well-being were significantly positively correlated with one another. In addition, the influence of dispositional optimism on subjective well-being was partially mediated by self-efficacy, with the mediating effect accounting for 31.6% of the total effect.

Cognitive Bias of Optimism and its Influence on Psychological Well-Being

1999 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 627-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Schweizer ◽  
Alexandra Beck-Seyffer ◽  
Rainer Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Cognitive Bias ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Multiple Correlation ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Orientation Test

An investigation of the cognitive bias observed in optimism and the influence of optimism on psychological well-being was conducted. The cognitive bias was assumed to be related to the repressive style of information processing, represented by the trait scale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Social Desirability scale. Optimism and well-being were measured by the Life Orientation Test and the Social Optimism scale as well as by the Life Satisfaction and Depression scales, respectively. These scales were applied to a sample of 200 individuals. Trait Anxiety and Social Desirability led to a high multiple correlation with the Life Orientation Test ( R = .54) and a moderate multiple correlation with the Social Optimism scale ( R = .30). Higher correlations were obtained for the expectation of a positive than of a negative future. Both the Life Orientation Test and the Social Optimism scale contributed to the high multiple correlation with psychological well-being ( R= .52).

scholarly journals Optimism and pessimism in the general population: Psychometric properties of the Life Orientation Test (LOT-R)

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Hinz ◽  
Christian Sander ◽  
Heide Glaesmer ◽  
Elmar Brähler ◽  
Markus Zenger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
Orientation Test

scholarly journals Drop-the-p: Bayesian CFA of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support in Australia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Henrique Ribeiro Santiago ◽  
Adrian Quintero ◽  
Dandara Haag ◽  
Rachel Roberts ◽  
Lisa Smithers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Bayes Factor ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Significant Other ◽  
Australian Population ◽  
Three Factor

AimWe aimed to investigate whether the 12-item Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) constitutes a valid and reliable measure of social support for the general adult Australian population.MethodsData were from Australia’s National Survey of Adult Oral Health 2004–2006 and included 3899 participants aged 18 years old and over. The psychometric properties were evaluated with Bayesian confirmatory factor analysis. One-, two-, and three-factor (Significant Other, Family and Friends) structures were tested. Model fit was assessed with the posterior predictive p-value (PPPχ2), Bayesian root mean square error of approximation (BRMSEA), and Bayesian comparative fit index (BCFI). Dimensionality was tested by comparing competing factorial structures with the Bayes factor (BF). Reliability was evaluated with the Bayesian ΩH. Convergent validity was investigated with the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and discriminant validity with the Perceived Dental Control scale (PDC-3).ResultsThe theoretical three-factor model (Significant Other, Family, and Friends) provided a good fit to the data [PPPχ2 < 0.001, BRMSEA = 0.089-95% credible interval (CrI) (0.088, 0.089); BCFI = 0.963-95% CrI (0.963, 0.964)]. The BF provided decisive support for the three-factor structure in relation to the other structures. The SO [BΩH = 0.95 - 95% CrI (0.90, 0.99)], FA (BΩH = 0.92 - 95% CrI (0.87, 0.97), and FR (BΩH = 0.92 - 95% CrI (0.88, 0.97)] subscales displayed excellent reliability. The MSPSS displayed initial evidence of convergent and discriminant validity.ConclusionThe MSPSS demonstrated good psychometric properties and excellent reliability in a large Australian sample. This instrument can be applied in national surveys and provide evidence of the role of social support in the Australian population.

The measurement of optimism: the psychometric properties of the Hungarian version of the Revised Life Orientation Test (LOT–R)

2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márk Bérdi ◽  
Ferenc Köteles
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
Hungarian Version ◽  
Orientation Test

A Scheier és Carver (1985) által kidolgozott Életszemlélet Teszt (Life Orientation Test, LOT) a vonásoptimizmus mérésére leggyakrabban használt mérőeszköz. Az optimizmus (fizikai) egészségre (úm. testi tünetek száma, gyógyulás sebessége, mortalitás és immunfunkciók) vonatkozó prediktív erejét számos vizsgálatban igazolták. A mérőeszköz eredeti (LOT), majd annak átdolgozott (LOT–R) változatát, valamint az optimizmus konstruktumát azonban sok kritika érte és éri a mai napig, amelyek egy része a mérőeszköz faktorszerkezetét, másik része pedig a vonásoptimizmus diszkriminációs validitását, illetve az úgynevezett harmadik változó problémát érinti. A skála és a fogalom, valamint az azokat ért kritikák rövid bemutatása után ismertetjük a LOT–R magyar változatának validitási, reliabilitási adatait és a feltáró és konfirmatív faktorelemzéssel kapott eredményeket. A teszt hazai változatának reliabilitás- és validitásadatai a külföldi eredményekkel összhangban jónak adódtak. A LOT–R faktorszerkezetére vonatkozó eredmények azonban nem támasztják alá egyértelműen a teszt egy- vagy kétfaktoros modelljét.

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