Dispositional Optimism and Well-Being in College Students: Self-Efficacy as a Mediator

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 783-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulan Yu ◽  
Jun Luo
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Dispositional Optimism ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
General Self Efficacy ◽  
Orientation Test

We used the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Life Orientation Test Revised, and the Revised Oxford Happiness Scale to investigate the correlations among dispositional optimism, self-efficacy, and subjective well-being in 2,578 college students. The results showed that self-efficacy, dispositional optimism, and well-being were significantly positively correlated with one another. In addition, the influence of dispositional optimism on subjective well-being was partially mediated by self-efficacy, with the mediating effect accounting for 31.6% of the total effect.

scholarly journals Relationship between Professional Commitment and Subjective Well-being of College Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Nan Li
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
College Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Professional Commitment ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Moderated Mediation Model ◽  
Indirect Path ◽  
Academic Self Efficacy

In order to explore the specific influence mechanism of professional commitment on subjective Well-being, this paper makes a research questionnaire based on professional commitment scale, subjective Well-being scale, academic Self-efficacy scale and social support scale, and surveys 356 college students nationwide. The obtained data are analyzed empirically using SPSS22.0 and Amos22.0. The results show that: (1) Professional commitment and academic Self-efficacy can positively predict subjective Well-being; (2) Academic Self-efficacy has a partial mediating effect on the relationship between professional commitment and subjective Well-being; (3) The moderating effect of social support occurs in the direct path of professional commitment’s influence on subjective Well-being and the indirect path of professional commitment’s influence on academic Self-efficacy. By constructing a moderated mediation model, this study reveals the mechanism of professional commitment on subjective Well-being, and provides reference for analyzing, predicting, shaping and correcting college students’ cognition and behavior, as well as helping to solve their psychological problems.

Internet Altruistic Behavior and Subjective Well-Being: Self-Efficacy as a Mediator

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1575-1583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianliang Zheng ◽  
Yaqin Wang ◽  
Lei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Altruistic Behavior ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
School Students ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
General Self Efficacy

We explored the mediating effect of self-efficacy in the association between Internet altruistic behavior (IAB) and subjective well-being (SWB). Chinese middle school students (N = 467; 216 boys and 251 girls, age range = 12–16 years) completed the Index of Well-Being, the Internet Altruistic Behavior Scale, and the General Self-Efficacy Scale. The results indicated that both IAB and self-efficacy had positive effects on SWB, and IAB affected SWB indirectly via self-efficacy, which showed that self-efficacy partially mediated the relationship between IAB and SWB. The results extend knowledge of how IAB functions.

scholarly journals Autoeficacia y optimismo en estudiantes universitarios según su espiritualidad y religiosidad y espiritualidad

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Félix Arbinaga ◽  
Lidia Torres-Rosado ◽  
Nehemías Romero-Pérez ◽  
María Isabel Mendoza-Sierra ◽  
Yojanan Carrasco-Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
Beliefs And Values ◽  
General Self Efficacy ◽  
Orientation Test ◽  
Estudiantes Universitarios

La espiritualidad/religiosidad, como factores de regulación verbal, influyen en sobre la manera en que una persona se comporta. En esta investigación se analiza cómo ambas variables interaccionan con la autoeficacia y el optimismo en estudiantes universitarios. Ha participado un total de 121 hombres y 198 mujeres estudiantes universitarios, con una edad media de 22.63 años (DT = 2.834). La espiritualidad fue evaluada mediante la Beliefs and Values Scale, el ateísmo con la Rejection of Christianity Scale, la autoeficacia general mediante la The General Self-Efficacy Scale y el optimismo con el Life Orientation Test. Los resultados indican que tras realizar una regresión lineal las puntuaciones en ateísmo mostrarían una capacidad explicativa del 22.7% sobre la varianza en la autoeficacia general reflejada por los estudiantes; sin embargo, el aporte realizado por la espiritualidad no es significativo. No obstante, es el optimismo quien mantiene la mayor capacidad explicativa (β = .401). Tomando la puntuación total del optimismo como variable dependiente, tanto la espiritualidad como el ateísmo hacen un aporte negativo y no significativo, siendo explicada por la autoeficacia general en un 40.9% de su varianza; el número de actos religiosos a los que se acude durante un mes explicarían el 13% de la varianza obtenida.

scholarly journals Subjective Well-being and Religiosity: A study of Optimists and Pessimists

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Amin Wani ◽  
Prof. Mahmood S. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
The Face ◽  
Orientation Test

Pessimist Individuals see difficulty in every opportunity where as Optimists see opportunity in every difficulty. Taking into consideration these characteristics of Optimism and Pessimism, this study was designed to conduct on the samples of the Optimist and Pessimist subjects in order to ascertain the influence of Religiosity on Subjective Well-being. Using Purposive Sampling technique, 50 Optimist and 50 Pessimist Post Graduate students were selected with the help of Life Orientation Test–Revised (LOT-R) developed by Scheier, Carver, & Bridges, (1994). Religiosity and Subjective Well-being among Optimists and Pessimists were assessed on the basis of scores on Religiosity Scale developed by Deka and Broota, (1985) and Subjective Well-being Inventory (SUBI) developed by Sell and Nagpal (1992). Data was analyzed with the help of Simple Linear Regression. The first finding revealed that Religiosity appeared as a significant predictor of Subjective well-being among Optimists. It means that there is a significant positive correlation „R‟= .774 between Religiosity and Subjective Well-being among Optimists whereas, the second finding also revealed that Religiosity appeared as a significant predictor of Subjective Well-being among Pessimists. This indicates that there is also a significant positive correlation „R‟= .497 between Religiosity and Subjective Well-being among Pessimists. Since, the Optimists and Pessimists were found in maintaining good Subjective Well-being but the value of „R‟ in case of Optimists was found to be much higher. So as on the basis of the obtained results , it is discussed that the Optimists look into more favorable side in the face of events and anticipate best possible outcomes in their favor as compared to the Pessimist counterpart. It is suggested that one has to make efforts to be Optimist rather than Pessimist to conquer challenges in their life.

scholarly journals DO EGO-RESILIENCY, SELF-EFFICACY AND LIFE ORIENTATION PREDICT SELF-ESTEEM OF TOP WORLD MAGICIANS? AN INTERNATIONAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-210
Author(s):  
Wojciech Napora
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
International Study ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
General Self Efficacy ◽  
Orientation Test ◽  
Ego Resiliency

Performing as an illusionist requires having adequate internal and personality resources. These determine the success of stage performance and have an impact on how an individual perceives self, and influence the self-esteem. The aim of the article is to determine how ego-resiliency, self-efficacy, and optimism influence the self-esteem of top-world magicians. A group of 50 top world magicians – world champions of magic – took part in the research. The participants were surveyed using the Self-Esteem Scale (SES), the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), the Ego-Resiliency Scale (ER11), and the Life Orientation Test (LOT-R). Results showed positive, statistically significant correlations between self-esteem and: self-efficacy, ego-resiliency dimensions, and positive life orientation amongst the surveyed sample. Moreover, stepwise regression analysis allowed determining predictors of self-esteem, where the strongest one was optimism.

Social support mediates the effect of forgiveness on subjective wellbeing in college students

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Junxiao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
College Students ◽  
Subjective Wellbeing ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Interpersonal Forgiveness ◽  
Self Forgiveness ◽  
Social Support Scale ◽  
The Relationship

I explored the relationship between forgiveness and subjective well-being (SWB), and the mediating effect of social support in this relationship. Participants were 443 college students from Henan, China, who completed the Heartland Forgiveness Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale, and Subjective Well-Being Scale. The results show that both interpersonal forgiveness and self-forgiveness were significantly correlated with SWB. Moreover, social support partially mediated the effects of both self-forgiveness and interpersonal forgiveness on SWB. These findings extend prior research and elucidate how forgiveness can influence SWB in college students.

scholarly journals Self-efficacy as a mediator of the relationship between subjective well-being and general health of military cadets

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 2309-2319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciane Albuquerque Sá de Souza ◽  
Ana Raquel Rosas Torres ◽  
Genário Alves Barbosa ◽  
Tiago Jessé Souza de Lima ◽  
Luana Elayne Cunha de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
General Health ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
General Self Efficacy

The objective of this study is to investigate the role of self-efficacy beliefs as a mediator of the relationship between the subjective well-being and general health of military cadets (police and firefighters). For this study, 228 cadets participated, the majority being Military Police officer candidates (65%), male (79%), between 17 and 34 years of age (99%), and unmarried (74%). They responded to questionnaires on general health (GHQ-12), perceived general self-efficacy, to the multiple scales that cover subjective well-being, and demographic questions. Initial regression analyses indicate the predictive power of subject well-being regarding general health. Subsequently, the mediation analyses provide satisfactory evidence for the role of perceived self-efficacy as a mediator of the relationship between the subjective well-being variables and the overall health of military cadets. The implications of these results for the professional training of the cadets are discussed.

scholarly journals Attitudes of Teenage Mothers towards Pregnancy and Childbirth

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1411
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Bałanda-Bałdyga ◽  
Anna Bogusława Pilewska-Kozak ◽  
Celina Łepecka-Klusek ◽  
Grażyna Stadnicka ◽  
Beata Dobrowolska
Keyword(s):  
Dispositional Optimism ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Teenage Mothers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Early Motherhood ◽  
Age Attitudes ◽  
Orientation Test

The problem of early motherhood is still a serious medical and social problem in many countries around the world. The aim of this study was to analyze the attitudes of teenage mothers towards pregnancy and childbirth. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted with the use of an original questionnaire containing a test to measure attitudes on a five-point Likert scale and a Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R) to assess dispositional optimism. The study involved 308 teenage mothers between 13 and 19 years of age. Attitudes of teenage mothers towards pregnancy and childbirth were more often positive (90.6%) than negative (9.4%). Sociodemographic features determining the attitudes of teenage mothers towards both their pregnancy and childbirth included their age, marital status, current occupation, and main source of income. The type of attitude adopted by teenage mothers towards pregnancy and childbirth was significantly related to the level of their dispositional optimism.

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