Yielding and quality indicators of new buckwheat varieties Kamianchanka

Aim. To compare the new variety of buckwheat Kamianchanka by individual indicators of suitability for distribution, difference, uniformity and stability with a conditional national variety-standard. Methods. The creation, study, evaluation, reproduction and transfer to the State trials of a new variety was carried out in accordance with the generally accepted methods of state trials. Results. The article presents the main identification indicators of the Kamianchanka buckwheat variety, created in the Podilskyi State Agrarian Engineering University. In terms of the suitability of the variety for distribution, difference, uniformity and stability, the Kamianchanka buckwheat variety exceeds the average yield of the varieties that have passed state registration in the previous five years in the Forest-Steppe Zone. The average yield of the new variety was higher than the conventional standard by 1.7 and 3.7 c / ha, or by 9.3 and 19.6%, respectively. Plant height varied from 73 to 156 cm and was on average 15 cm higher than the standard. The mass of 1000 seeds varied from 25.4-35 g and was higher in the Forest-steppe zone by 3.7-5 g (11.4-11.7%) compared with the conventional standard. A new variety of buckwheat Kamenchanka is sufficiently resistant to biotic and abiotic factors, suitable for cultivation in intensive technologies and mechanized harvesting. Сonclusions. A new variety of buckwheat Kamianchanka is listed in the Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine for 2019. Recommended for growing farms of various forms of ownership. Keywords: buckwheat, yield, qualitative parameters, state test.

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“FLAGMAN” - NEW VARIETY OF BROMUS INERMIS

Vestnik of the Russian agricultural science ◽

10.30850/vrsn/2019/1/17-19 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 17-19

Author(s):

N. I. Kashevarov ◽

R. I. Polyudina ◽

I. N. Kazarinova ◽

D. А. Potapov

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Western Siberia ◽

Steppe Zone ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Mass Selection ◽

New Variety ◽

Fodder Crops ◽

Experimental Base ◽

Siberian Research Institute ◽

Academy Of Sciences

A new cultivar of smooth bromegrass (Bromopsis inermis Leyss) Flagman was developed by methods of mass selection and polycross. Breeding and wild forms of various ecological and geographical origins are used as an initial material. The authors of the cultivar: Kazarinova I.N., Polyudina R.I., Straub A.A., Gomasco S.K. Studies were conducted on the Central experimental base of the Siberian research Institute of fodder crops of the Siberian Federal Scientific Centre of Agro-BioTechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, located in the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia (Novosibirsk region, Novosibirsk district, Krasnoobsk). The cultivar is mid-ripening: the period from the beginning of spring aftergrowing to mowing ripeness is 63-75 days and to full maturing of seeds is 95-111 days. The yield of dry matter is 8.3 t/ha, which exceeds the standard by 8%, seed yield - 0.62 t/ha, higher than the standard by 28%. The dry matter yield of the cultivar Flagman for the fourth year of use exceeded the standard by 23% and reached to 11.4 t/ha. The 1000 seeds weight is 3.0-3.4 g. The plant height is 90-140 cm. Tilling capacity is up to 40 stems per tuft. Foliage varies from 32 to 50% depending on the age of the grass and environment conditions. The resistance of the cultivar to brown rust and helminthosporiosis is higher than of the standard. The copyright certificate No. 71916 and patent No. 9653 were received.

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Agrotechnical methods ofreducing root rot for cultivating spring wheat in organic farming

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202016101102 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 161 ◽

pp. 01102

Author(s):

Alfia Razina

Keyword(s):

Spring Wheat ◽

Root Rot ◽

Arable Land ◽

Steppe Zone ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

New Variety ◽

Wheat Cultivation ◽

New Varieties

Energy-saving technologies of wheat cultivation limit the buffer role of the agrotechnical method in reducing the spread of root rot. This situation calls for using increased volumes of pesticides in order to decrease harvest losses arising from actions of harmful organisms, which does not allow to produce organic food.Considering this, evaluation of the efficiency of agrotechnical methods of cultivating spring wheat aimed at enhancing phytosanitary conditions of crops is very important. The goal of our work was to evaluate the role of predecessors, methods of soil preparation,organic fertilizers, new varieties of spring wheat, and the timing of planting in limiting the spread and reducing the harmfulness of root rot. Our study has been conducted in the forest-steppe zone of Eastern Siberia. We have established that green manure in crop rotationandfallow arable land with introduction of 30 t/ha of organic manure fertilizer with a disc harrow to a depth of 10–12 cmreduce the spread and severity of root rot and increase wheat yields. In the plantings of the new variety of spring wheat Marsianka, the spread of the disease was reliably less,and the yield was higher compared to the control variety Tulunskaya 11. The optimal planting date for the average of two years was May 25, the crops planted then compared to those planted on May 30 were 9.4% less affected by the disease and gave a reliable increase in the harvest of 0.15 tons/ha. Our studies have shown that during production of organic wheat we can limit the spread andharmfulness of root rot withagrotechnical methods.

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Creation of source breeding material of oat with high bioenergy indicators and variety ‘Denka’ on its basis

Bioenergy ◽

10.47414/be.1.2020.224951 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

L. P. Necheporenko ◽

S. D. Orlov

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Energy Performance ◽

High Energy ◽

Fungal Diseases ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Energy Yield ◽

Average Yield ◽

Breeding Material ◽

Resistance To Fungal Diseases

The purpose of the study was to create a source breeding material and a variety of oat with high productivity, resistance to fungal diseases and high energy performance. Research methods. Field, laboratory, analytical and statistical. Results. When creating a new source breeding of oat, we used an individual offspring of hybrid material obtained as a result of long-term hybridization. According to the results of studies of five oat lines, breeding numbers of 12–5, 437–99, and 570–6 were selected, which have high grain yield of 5.3–6.4 t/ha, oil content of 4.2–6.1%, protein content of 10.7–15.6% and estimated energy yield from 243.6 / 1023.1 to 349.7 / 1469.0 kcal/kJ. The affection of the oat sowing lines by flying smut averaged 8–9 points and the crown rust 7–9 points. Line 12–5 had an average yield of 6.30 t/ha, which exceeded the average group standard by plant height by 4 cm, shorter vegetation period by 13 days, resistance to smut by 2 points, to rust by 1 point, lodging and shedding of grain by 0.5–1.5 points, low husk share of 23.1%, weight of 1000 grains 35.2 g under contrasting weather conditions. The line of oat ‘Denka was transferred to the State Scientific and Technical Expertise, where it was found that the growing season averaged 92 days, plant height 81–90 cm, resistance to lodging 8.5 points, high resistance to fungal diseases (8.5–9.0 points) and drought (9 points), grain yield was 4.31 (Polissia) and 4.80 t/ha (Forest-Steppe), respectively that by 0.99 and 1.25 t/ha exceeded the average yield of varieties. Conclusions. The lines of oat by plant height, panicle length, 1000 grains weight, grain nature, resistance to fungal diseases, productivity, quality, energy value were created. The ‘Denka’ oat cultivar had an average yield of 4.31 (Polissia) and 4.80 t/ha (ForestSteppe), which, respectively, exceeded the average yield of the varieties resistant to flying smut by 0.99 and 1.25 t/ha, respectively. The variety is listed in the Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine Suitable for Distribution in the Forest-Steppe and Polissia since 2018.

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Syntaxonomy and ecological differentiation of the pioneer vegetation of Ukraine Classes: Isoëto-Nanojuncetea, Bidentetea

Environmental & Socio-economic Studies ◽

10.2478/environ-2021-0016 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 32-52

Author(s):

Dmytro V. Dubyna ◽

Tetiana P. Dziuba ◽

Svitlana M. Iemelianova ◽

Lyubov M. Felbaba-Klushyna

Keyword(s):

Abiotic Factors ◽

Steppe Zone ◽

Water Bodies ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Soil Humidity ◽

Ecological Differentiation ◽

Pioneer Vegetation ◽

Phytosociological Relevés ◽

And Cluster Analysis ◽

High Level

Abstract The studies of the pioneer vegetation of freshwater shorelines of water bodies are of particular interest owing to the specific ecology of these habitats and the short cycle for their development in which periods of flooding and subsequent drainage alternate. Using the methods of phytosociological classification and cluster analysis based on the interpretation of 414 phytosociological relevés, the syntaxonomic structure of the pioneer vegetation of freshwater shorelines of the water bodies of Ukraine has been established that are represented by the phytosociological classes Isoëto-Nanojuncetea and Bidentetea. The class Isoëto-Nanojuncetea includes 8 associations that belong to 2 alliances and 1 order and the class Bidentetea includes 10 associations belonging to 2 alliances and 1 order. Phytocoenoses of both classes are more typical for the Polissia region and the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine, where there are favourable habitats with a flat relief, low degree of dissection and a high level of soil humidity. Using a DCA ordination analysis of associations their position in ecological space was determined. It was established that the main factors of ecological differentiation for Isoëto-Nanojuncetea habitats are soil humidity, soil aeration, nitrogen content, as well as temperature regime. Differentiation in the hyperspace of abiotic factors of the class Bidentetea occurs mainly along the gradients of soil humidity, salt regime and acidity. The ecological distribution of syntaxa of this class is also significantly influenced by the concentration of mineral nitrogen compounds in the soil.

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VARIABILITY OF SPRING SOFT WHEAT PLANT HEIGHT IN THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION FOREST-STEPPE CONDITIONS

Vestnik of the Russian agricultural science ◽

10.30850/vrsn/2021/6/45-49 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 45-49

Author(s):

T. Yu. Taranova ◽

Е. А. Demina ◽

А. I. Kincharov ◽

O. S. Mullayanova ◽

K. Yu. Chekmasova

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Growing Season ◽

Steppe Zone ◽

Volga Region ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Middle Volga Region ◽

Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽

Spring Soft Wheat ◽

Middle Volga

The results of the study of 250 collection samples of spring soft wheat of various ecological and geographical groups are presented in order to identify the source material that combines optimal plant height and high productivity for the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region. The work was carried out in 2017–2020 in the Samara region. The study and evaluation of samples was carried out according to the Methodology of the state variety testing and the methodological recommendations of the VIR. The average height of plants in the samples over the years of research varied within 68.5-109.2 cm, the coefficient of variation of the trait was 11.86-13.72 %. The presence of a positive average and weak correlation between the yield and plant height, regardless of the moisture conditions of the year (r = 0.15-0.47), was revealed. A strong positive relationship was observed between the height of the samples and the following weather factors: precipitation in June (r = 0.94), precipitation during the growing season (r = 0.87), hydrothermal coefficient of June (r = 0.93), hydrothermal coefficient for the growing season (r = 0.83). The highest grain yield was formed by samples from the group of undersized and medium-grown, on average 416 and 428 g/m2, respectively. A number of highly productive varieties were identified: 3 medium-grown samples (105 cm) with a yield of 419.7-435.7 g/m2 and 21 undersized samples (85-102 cm) with an average grain yield of 485.0-585.7 g/m2. Dwarf specimens sample a stable manifestation of short-stemmed growth over the years and high resistance to lodging were noted. According to the research results, it was found that the optimal height of plants for the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region is in the range of 85-105 cm. The selected undersized and medium-grown samples with high grain yield and dwarf samples with high resistance to lodging are recommended for use in breeding programs of the region and places with similar conditions.

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Efficiency of Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) Cultivation in the Ukrainian Forest-Steppe Zone and Development of Its New Lines

The Open Agriculture Journal ◽

10.2174/1874331502014010273 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 273-289

Author(s):

Svitlana O. Rakhmetovа ◽

Olena M. Vergun ◽

Maksym I. Kulyk ◽

Rostislav Y. Blume ◽

Oleksandr P. Bondarchuk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Panicum Virgatum ◽

Steppe Zone ◽

Biofuel Production ◽

Energy Crop ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

New Variety ◽

Ecological Features ◽

Wide Range

Background: Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a promising C4-photosynthetising perennial grass and an important energy crop. It is resistant to drought, cold and winter frost, endures flooding and shows high performance at minimal energy consumption for cultivation. Methods: The purpose of the work was to develop and introduce high-yielding genotypes of switchgrass and develop effective cultivation technologies for the Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine. The objective of the study was to evaluate the introduction potential of switchgrass, to establish biologically productive parameters and energy values of different genotypes and the effectiveness of cultivation techniques in the specific geo-climatic zone of Ukraine. To achieve the objectives, a wide range of introductory, biological-morphological, breeding-biotechnological, and agronomic methods have been used. Results: The gene pool of P. virgatum was collected (33 accessions), ten of which have been investigated, including both introduced genotypes and newly developed breeding lines. The bio-morphological, ecological features, the biochemical composition of plants have been evaluated. The productivity of the above-ground biomass and seeds, as well as the energy value of plants, has been evaluated. High-performance forms with specified yield parameters, biomass sugars, total energy and biofuel output per unit area have been determined. Conclusion: A new variety of P. virgatum (cv. Zoriane) has been introduced for cultivation. Among the accessions of newly developed genotypes, the most productive lines have been identified. New efficient technologies have been developed to increase the yield potential of switchgrass as a source of raw materials for biofuel production.

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Content of valuable substances in barley grain grown under contrast climate conditions

Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science ◽

10.26898/0370-8799-2020-1-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 23-31

Author(s):

A. V. Sumina ◽

V. I. Polonskiy

Keyword(s):

Protein Content ◽

Abiotic Factors ◽

Steppe Zone ◽

Barley Grain ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

The Republic ◽

Production Characteristics

The inﬂuence of abiotic factors and genotype on the quality of barley yield was studied. The research was conducted in various agroclimatic conditions at two state variety-testing sites in 2019. The ﬁrst is located in the steppe zone of foothills on the ordinary and southern chernozems of the Republic of Khakassia, the second – in the forest-steppe soilclimate zone of the Republic of Tuva. During the experiment, a more contrasting difference in the daily temperature range in the conditions of Tuva was noted. The following varieties of spring chaffy barley of Siberian breeding were used as an object of the study: Uvatsky, Krasnoyarsky 91, Emelya (multi-rowed), Acha, Biom, Tanay, Buyan, Takmak, Abalak, Olenek (two-rowed). Production characteristics of the varieties (weight of 1000 grains, yield), the content of protein, sugars, fat and ﬁber in grain were determined by using standard methods. More stringent conditions for growing plants in the Republic of Tuva, compared to the Republic of Khakassia, caused a 20% decrease in the weight of 1000 grains and yield, a 47% decrease in protein content in grain, and an increase in the accumulation of fat and ﬁber in it (by 24 and 48%, respectively). When growing barley in Tuva, less signiﬁcant intervarietal differences were noted in the production characteristics of the crop and in the content of valuable substances in the grain (except for protein). Varieties of barley with a high content of valuable substances in grain for cultivation in the Republic of Tuva in contrasting climatic conditions were determined. Variety Krasnoyarsky 91 was recommended (there was no decrease in the mass of 1000 grains and the level of productivity) and Biome (the smallest decrease in protein content, the largest increase in the content of fat and sugars in grain).

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Economic and biological assessment of Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’

Plant varieties studying and protection ◽

10.21498/2518-1017.16.4.2020.224050 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Л. А. Вільчинська ◽

Т. М. Хоменко ◽

О. В. Ночвіна

Keyword(s):

Abiotic Factors ◽

Steppe Zone ◽

Biological Indicators ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Tartary Buckwheat ◽

Research Center ◽

Biological Assessment ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Common Buckwheat ◽

The Common

Purpose. To evaluate Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ according to morphological, productive and quality indicators in the conditions of the Research Center “State Agrarian and Engineering University in Podilia”. Methods. The studies were carried out in the field crop rotation of the Research Center “Podillia” of the State Agrarian and Engineering University in Podilia (SAEU) in 2015–2020. The soil cover of the experimental field is represented mainly by low-humus, weakly leached soils. Experiment setting, material evaluation, analysis of plants, yield and grain quality were carried out in accordance with the generally accepted methods of state variety testing. An assessment of the Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ was carried out in comparison with the common buckwheat variety ‘Victoriia’. Results. The growing season duration of Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ was 87 days (38 days vegetative and 49 days generative). In the studied variety, a larger number of the 1st order branches up to 5.5 pcs was observed. The number of leaves on the plant was 22–28 pcs./plants. In the studied variety, more than 50% of the grains were located on the main stem and the first order branches, while in common buckwheat this indicator was only 30%. Productivity was 2,28 t/ha, the number of grains in inflorescences was 4,4 grains, in common buckwheat – 0,72 t/ha, and 2.2 grains/inflorescence, respectively. The thousand kernel weight in Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ is 10.2 g less than in common buckwheat variety ‘Victoriia’ and is 17.4 g, with hulls – 19.5%, which is 3.2% less then in common buckwheat variety.Assessment of Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ for resistance to the effects of bio- and abiotic factors indicates that it was at the level of common buckwheat variety ‘Victoriia’.In terms of resistance to abiotic factors, ‘Kalyna’ variety is characterized by high resistance to spontaneous fallof grain (5 scores) and has simultaneous grain ripening (5 scores). Conclusions.The morphological and economic-biological indicators of Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ are significantly higher than the common buckwheat variety ‘Victoriia’. It is recommended to grow Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ as a valuable cereal crop in the Western Forest-Steppe zone.

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