scholarly journals Linguistics in the digital humanities: (computational) corpus linguistics

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (57) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Ebensgaard Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Computational Methods ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
Digital Humanities ◽  
Intimate Relationship ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Language Corpus

<p class="p1">Corpus linguistics has been closely intertwined with digital technology since the introduction of university computer mainframes in the 1960s. Making use of both digitized data in the form of the language corpus and computational methods of analysis involving concordancers and statistics software, corpus linguistics arguably has a place in the digital humanities. Still, it remains obscure and fi gures only sporadically in the literature on the digital humanities. Th is article provides an overview of the main principles of corpus linguistics and the role of computer technology in relation to data and method and also off ers a bird's-eye view of the history of corpus linguistics with a focus on its intimate relationship with digital technology and how digital technology has impacted the very core of corpus linguistics and shaped the identity of the corpus linguist. Ultimately, the article is oriented towards an acknowledgment of corpus linguistics' alignment with the digital humanities.</p>

State-run celebration of Liberation Day in Czechoslovakia (based on audiovisual sources)

2019 ◽  
pp. 251-268
Author(s):  
Timur Gimadeev
Keyword(s):  
Political Development ◽  
Communist Regime ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
The Political ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Military

The article deals with the history of celebrating the Liberation Day in Czechoslovakia organised by the state. Various aspects of the history of the holiday have been considered with the extensive use of audiovisual documents (materials from Czechoslovak newsreels and TV archives), which allowed for a detailed analysis of the propaganda representation of the holiday. As a result, it has been possible to identify the main stages of the historical evolution of the celebrations of Liberation Day, to discover the close interdependence between these stages and the country’s political development. The establishment of the holiday itself — its concept and the military parade as the main ritual — took place in the first post-war years, simultaneously with the consolidation of the Communist regime in Czechoslovakia. Later, until the end of the 1960s, the celebrations gradually evolved along the political regime, acquiring new ritual forms (ceremonial meetings, and “guards of memory”). In 1968, at the same time as there was an attempt to rethink the entire socialist regime and the historical experience connected with it, an attempt was made to reconstruct Liberation Day. However, political “normalisation” led to the normalisation of the celebration itself, which played an important role in legitimising the Soviet presence in the country. At this stage, the role of ceremonial meetings and “guards of memory” increased, while inventions released in time for 9 May appeared and “May TV” was specially produced. The fall of the Communist regime in 1989 led to the fall of the concept of Liberation Day on 9 May, resulting in changes of the title, date and paradigm of the holiday, which became Victory Day and has been since celebrated on 8 May.

The Discovery of Retrolental Fibroplasia and the Role of Oxygen: A Historical Review, 1942–1956

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Reedy
Keyword(s):  
Premature Infants ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Retrolental Fibroplasia ◽  
History Of ◽  
To Come ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Prematurely Born Infants ◽  
The U.S

Nearly 50 years after it was thought to be conquered, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) continues to cause vision disturbances and blindness among prematurely born infants. During the 1940s and early 1950s, researchers and caregivers first identified and struggled to eliminate this problem, which seemed to come from nowhere and was concentrated among the most advanced premature nurseries in the U.S. Research studies initially identified many potential causes, none of which could be proved conclusively. By the mid-1950s, oxygen was identified as the culprit, and its use was immediately restricted. The rate of blindness among premature infants decreased significantly. ROP was not cured, however. By the 1960s, it had reappeared. The history of ROP serves to remind us that, despite our best intentions, the care and treatment of premature newborns will always carry with it the possibility of iatrogenic disease. This caution is worth remembering as we work to expand the quality and quantity of clinical research.

Marxism and Historiography: Perspectives on Roman History

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Giardina
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Marxist Theory ◽  
History Writing ◽  
Italian History ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
Changing Role

Marxism has slowly declined in recent literature on the economic and social history of the ancient world. If one happens to run into the name of Marx or the term Marxism, it is generally within the context of polemical remark. In spite of recurrent attempts to resuscitate it as an ideal foil for anti-Communist polemic, Marxism made its final exit from the field of ancient historical studies in the 1960s, when new Marxist and Marxist-inspired historiography came to the fore. This chapter discusses the changing role of Marxism in Italian history-writing. It focuses on the historians who claim themselves as Marxists, and those who employ Marxist categories and draw on Marxist theory yet refuse to be defined as Marxists. The chapter examines the debates of the different groups on the historiographic phase marked by the circulation of Marxist concepts, analytical tools, and models outside the strictly Marxist milieu. One of the most striking aspects of this phase is the existence of a trend for the formation of research groups that shared not only an affinity or ideological adherence to Marxism, but also an interest in historical theory and a similar orientation in cultural politics. These interdisciplinary approaches stimulated the confluence of individual competences in group projects aimed at singling out new topics and developing investigational strategies. This historiographic phase also reflected a sense of community, a refusal of traditional academic hierarchies, a wish to keep individualism in check, and the rejection of erudite isolation. In Italy, these forms of association served as a means for ethical and political self-representation of cultural hegemony.

Eyes Down

2019 ◽  
pp. 61-87
Author(s):  
Kate Bedford
Keyword(s):  
State Intervention ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Mutual Aid ◽  
Gambling Regulation ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Step ◽  
National Life ◽  
Friendly Societies ◽  
The 1960S

Using legislation, case law, and official records (including Hansard), Chapter 2 outlines the early history of state intervention into bingo in England and Wales. The chapter traces the gradual liberalization of restrictions on small-scale gambling, and the subsequent backlash against bingo in the 1960s. It also tells a new story about gambling regulation and political economy. In particular, it excavates the key role of mutual aid to elite debates about the proper place of gambling in national life. Although many authors have argued that disavowal of gambling helped legitimize the forms of collective insurance developed by early friendly societies and similar associations, the chapter shows that gambling played a key role—as entertainment and mutual aid—within working men’s clubs, and that it was promoted by the state. This mutual aid dimension of gambling was heavily conflicted in gendered terms. Lawmakers were lobbied by bingo-organizing men, with women’s interests at least one step removed from Hansard. Unequal gender roles were hereby woven into dominant understandings of small-scale gambling.

Audience Response Systems

2006 ◽  
pp. 26-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Judson ◽  
Daiyo Sawada
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Integrated Systems ◽  
Audience Response ◽  
Audience Response Systems ◽  
History Of ◽  
Response Systems ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Effective Use

Surprising to many is the knowledge that audience response systems have been in use since the 1960s. Reviewing the history of their use from the early hardwired systems to today’s computer-integrated systems provides the necessary scope to reflect on how they can best be used. Research shows that the systems have had consistent effects on motivation, and varying effects on student achievement over the years. The intent of this chapter is to consider lessons learned, consider the relation of technology and pedagogy, and to highlight elements of effective use. This chapter emphasizes the crucial role of pedagogy in determining whether audience response systems can lead to greater student achievement.

Remembrance of Things Past: Marxism and the Study of Popular Music

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-155
Author(s):  
SIMON FRITH
Keyword(s):  
Popular Music ◽  
Sociology Of Knowledge ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Commercial Music ◽  
Popular Music Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cultural Ideology ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S

AbstractThis article considers the role of Marxism in the history of popular music studies. Its approach combines the sociology of knowledge with a personal memoir and its argument is that in becoming a field of scholarly interest popular music studies drew from both Marxist theoretical arguments about cultural ideology in the 1950s and 1960s and from rock writers’ arguments about the role of music in shaping socialist bohemianism in the 1960s and 1970s. To take popular music seriously academically meant taking it seriously politically. Once established as an academic subject, however, popular music studies were absorbed into both established music departments and vocational, commercial music courses. Marxist ideas and ideologues were largely irrelevant to the subsequent development of popular music studies as a scholarly field.

Raising workers' quality is key to global productivity

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Information And Computer Technology ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Investment Growth ◽  
Ageing Populations

Subject Total factor productivity. Significance The first estimates in the 1960s suggested that the growth of labour and capital inputs accounted for 20-30% of economic growth, implying that total factor productivity (TFP) improvements accounted for the remaining 70-80%. However, the skills embodied in labour and the technology embodied in capital can now be measured much more accurately. After these contributions are subtracted, the role of TFP in growth is reduced. Impacts Improvement in the quality of capital is closely tied to rising investment in capital, especially information and computer technology. If investment growth continues to slow, this will affect future output both through the volume of capital as well as its productive quality. Ageing populations and persistent ultra-low rates raise ‘secular stagnation’ fears; the future will depend on a better-educated workforce.

The Transplanted: International Dimensions

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-263
Author(s):  
Dirk Hoerder
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Community Formation ◽  
Lively Discussion ◽  
East European ◽  
New Methods ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
History Of Migration ◽  
Culture Of Origin

John Bodnar’s Study—which I consider “the standard survey on the history of migration to the United States, which for many years will remain unsurpassed” (Hoerder, 1987)—also merits a controversial and lively discussion. A synthesis of the immigrant experience has long been called for. Beginning in the 1960s, Rudolph J. Vecoli’s penetrating critique (1964) and Victor Greene’s detailed study of east European miners (1968) dismantled Oscar Handlin’s paradigm (1951). The two decades since the end of the old paradigm witnessed the introduction of new methods, new approaches, and a new sensitivity to the roots of the migrants in their old cultures. I will first place Bodnar’s study in the context of two other recent syntheses and then raise some conceptual questions; in a third section I will take up issues related to the culture of origin and to the role of female migrants in community formation.

scholarly journals Le rôle de l’État dans l’encadrement de la profession enseignante au Québec et en Ontario de 1960 à 2000

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Morales-Perlaza
Keyword(s):  
State Control ◽  
Historical Trends ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Professional Teacher ◽  
History Of ◽  
Analyse Comparative ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Political Governance ◽  
Year 2000

RésuméCet article présente une analyse comparative historique et sociologique du rôle de l’État dans la mise en place des formations professionnelles à l’enseignement au Québec et en Ontario pendant les années 1960 à 2000. Nous sommes d’accord avec Peter Grimmett en ce que nous trouvons une gouvernance « politique » au Québec, mais nous argumentons que la gouvernance en Ontario ne peut pas être considérée comme « professionnelle », mais plutôt comme « corporative » selon la thèse de Terrence James Johnson. Au-delà des différences entre ces deux provinces, nous établissons des tendances historiques de la professionnalisation de l’enseignement dans ces deux cas qui sont semblables avec celles de l’Europe et qui démontrent l’importance du contrôle étatique sur l’évolution de la professionnalisation de l’enseignement, ce qui diffère de l’histoire de la plupart des professions établies analysées par les sociologues. AbstractThis paper presents a historical and sociological comparative analysis of the role of the state in the implementation of professional teacher education in Quebec and Ontario during the 1960s to the year 2000. We agree with Peter Grimmett that we find “political” governance in Quebec, but we argue that governance in Ontario cannot be considered “professional”, but rather “corporate” according to Terrence James Johnson's theoretical approach. Beyond the differences between these two provinces, we establish historical trends in the professionalization of teaching in these two cases, which are similar to those in Europe, and which demonstrate the importance of state control over the evolution of professionalization of teaching, which differs from the history of most established professions that have been analyzed by sociologists.

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