Publishing patterns in Pharmacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-91
Author(s):  
Terhi Sandgren
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Research Information ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Using Data ◽  
National Languages ◽  
Selection Of

Pharmacy is a multidisciplinary research field that combines natural sciences, health sciences and social sciences to study drugs and pharmaceutical preparations from multiple perspectives. The study explores publishing patterns in pharmacy via bibliometric methods, that is statistical methods applied to study scientific literature. Earlier bibliometric studies focusing on pharmacy have used data from the international citation databases Web of Science and Scopus. In most of these studies, pharmacy has been operationalized by focusing on journals categorized as pharmacy journals. This study provides a new approach to the study of publishing patterns, by using data from institutional Current Research Information Systems (CRIS), and by using pharmacy organizations as the basis of operationalization of pharmacy. It seeks to provide a more comprehensive picture of publishing patterns, since the data covers all publication types used in pharmacy and is not limited to pharmacy journals. The objective of this study is thus to explore whether the selection of databases and operationalization of the discipline affects the results concerning publishing patterns in pharmacy.  The results obtained in this study are very similar to earlier studies utilizing international databases. However, the results show that pharmacy researchers also publish in national languages, and that there are several national journals amongst the core journals that are not covered by the international databases. The multidisciplinary nature of pharmacy can be seen in the wide range of journals in which pharmacy researchers publish their articles.

scholarly journals El establecimiento de reglas de la Organización Mundial de Comercio sobre laayuda interna. Una evaluación del enfoque de la Ronda de Doha

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
David Blandford
Keyword(s):  
Uruguay Round ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Doha Round ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Domestic Support ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Uruguay Round Agreement

<div data-canvas-width="513.466583333333">The elements of the approach to disciplining domestic support for agriculture in the Doha round of WTO negotiations are evaluated using data for a selection of OECD countries. Despite a substantial increase in complexity in comparison to the Uruguay Round Agreement, the new approach is unlikely to require real reductions in trade-distorting support. As a result it is unlikely to stimulate further reforms in domestic agricultural policies in OECD countries.</div>

Modeling Biomass Gasification: A New Approach to Utilize Renewable Sources of Energy

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Vaezi ◽  
M. Passandideh-Fard ◽  
M. Moghiman ◽  
M. Charmchi
Keyword(s):  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Specific Biomass ◽  
Thermochemical Equilibrium ◽  
Biomass Materials ◽  
Gasification Efficiency ◽  
Selection Of

Thermochemical equilibrium modeling is the basis of the numerical method implemented in this study to predict the performance of a biomass gasifier. To validate the model, a close agreement is shown between numerical and experimental results. The model is then used in order to optimize the selection procedure of a specific biomass for a certain application. For this purpose, the minimum and maximum amount of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen for 55 different biomass materials are extracted to calculate the range of variation of oxygen content and carbon/hydrogen ratio. The influences of such variations on syngas characteristics are then studied. Syngas characteristics are comprised of syngas calorific value, outlet gas temperature, gasification efficiency, and the volume of syngas obtained. The results are plotted in a generalized format that may be used for a wide range of biomass materials. These plots can be used for the selection of a biomass material based on desired conditions. Therefore, the developed model in this study provides a tool for design optimization of a biomass downdraft gasifier.

scholarly journals Oxidic 2D Materials

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5213
Author(s):  
Oliver Dubnack ◽  
Frank A. Müller
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
2D Materials ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Two Dimensional Materials ◽  
Application Potential ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
Selection Of

The possibility of producing stable thin films, only a few atomic layers thick, from a variety of materials beyond graphene has led to two-dimensional (2D) materials being studied intensively in recent years. By reducing the layer thickness and approaching the crystallographic monolayer limit, a variety of unexpected and technologically relevant property phenomena were observed, which also depend on the subsequent arrangement and possible combination of individual layers to form heterostructures. These properties can be specifically used for the development of multifunctional devices, meeting the requirements of the advancing miniaturization of modern manufacturing technologies and the associated need to stabilize physical states even below critical layer thicknesses of conventional materials in the fields of electronics, magnetism and energy conversion. Differences in the structure of potential two-dimensional materials result in decisive influences on possible growth methods and possibilities for subsequent transfer of the thin films. In this review, we focus on recent advances in the rapidly growing field of two-dimensional materials, highlighting those with oxidic crystal structure like perovskites, garnets and spinels. In addition to a selection of well-established growth techniques and approaches for thin film transfer, we evaluate in detail their application potential as free-standing monolayers, bilayers and multilayers in a wide range of advanced technological applications. Finally, we provide suggestions for future developments of this promising research field in consideration of current challenges regarding scalability and structural stability of ultra-thin films.

scholarly journals Identifying technical synergy effects for organic micro-pollutants removal

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 346-354
Author(s):  
T. Fundneider ◽  
M. P. Herrling ◽  
E. P. Kahl ◽  
S. Lackner
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Complex State ◽  
Synergy Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Pollutants Removal ◽  
Process Combination ◽  
Economical Process ◽  
Micro Pollutants ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Processes for the removal of organic micro-pollutants (OMPs) from wastewater treatment plant's (WWTPs) effluents have been tested over decades, and have recently found their way into practice. Operators of WWTPs are confronted with the question of efficiency and the choice of economical process (combination). So far, a systematic approach regarding the selection of the appropriate process (combinations) is missing. There is no information available which technology is best suited for removal of OMPs and other conventional pollutants for good conditions in waterbodies. This study evaluates 52 pilot and full-scale studies regarding their removal efficiencies of various OMPs by advanced processes (adsorption and ozonation) in combination with/without filtration. The results provide a comprehensive picture of the complex state of knowledge and show that technical synergy effects enable the reduction of a wide range of OMP in combination with other conventional parameters, e.g. solids and phosphorous.

scholarly journals A New Approach for Centrifugal Impeller Preliminary Design and Aerothermal Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangyuan Lou ◽  
John C. Fabian ◽  
Nicole L. Key
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Study ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
New Method ◽  
Centrifugal Impeller ◽  
Preliminary Design ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Relative Diffusion ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Effectiveness Parameter ◽  
Selection Of

This paper introduces a new approach for the preliminary design and aerothermal analysis of centrifugal impellers using a relative diffusion effectiveness parameter. The relative diffusion effectiveness is defined as the ratio of the achieved diffusion to the maximum available diffusion in an impeller. It represents the quality of the relative diffusion process in an impeller. This parameter is used to evaluate impeller performance by correlating the relative diffusion effectiveness with the impeller isentropic efficiency using the experimental data acquired on a single-stage centrifugal compressor (SSCC). By including slip, which is appropriate considering it is an inviscid effect that should be included in the determination of maximum available diffusion in the impeller, a linear correlation between impeller efficiency and relative diffusion effectiveness resulted for all operating conditions. Additionally, a new method for impeller preliminary design was introduced using the relative diffusion effectiveness parameter, in which the optimal design is selected to maximize relative diffusion effectiveness. While traditional preliminary design methods are based on empirical loss models or empirical knowledge for selection of diffusion factor (DF) in the impeller, the new method does not require any such models, and it also provides an analytical approach for the selection of DF that gives optimal impeller performance. Validation of the method was performed using three classic impeller designs available in the open literature, and very good agreement was achieved. Furthermore, a sensitivity study shows that the method is robust in that the resulting flow angles at the impeller inlet and exit are insensitive to a wide range of blockage factors and various slip models.

scholarly journals Geodiversity and Biodiversity of the Postglacial Landscape (Dębnica River Catchment, Poland)

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicja Najwer ◽  
Janina Borysiak ◽  
Joanna Gudowicz ◽  
Małgorzata Mazurek ◽  
Zbigniew Zwoliński
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Natural Vegetation ◽  
New Approach ◽  
River Catchment ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Analytical Algorithm ◽  
Landscape Ecological ◽  
Factor Maps ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract The preparation of a proper zoning plan or landscape-ecological plan requires taking into account recognition of the natural values of an area covered by the plan and evaluating its abiotic and biotic diversities. The aim of the paper is to present the new approach to the procedure of geodiversity and biodiversity assessment. This procedure is used to characterise abiotic and biotic heterogeneity of the postglacial landscape modified by a man, tested on Dębnica River catchment (Western Pomerania, Poland). This catchment is a representative example illustrating the landscape of Central European Plain. The analytical algorithm of the geodiversity assessment is based on appropriate selection of the evaluation criteria: lithological, relative heights, landform fragmentation, hydrographical elements and mesoclimatic conditions. Biodiversity was assessed on the basis of real vegetation, potential natural vegetation and the degree of anthropisation of the natural vegetation with respect to syngenesis of plant associations. Seven factor maps were obtained: five for the diversity of abiotic elements, and two for the diversity of biotic elements, which became the basis for the creation of total geodiversity and biodiversity maps. Maps produced in accordance with given methodology may find a wide range of applications.

Innovative Approach to Information Search by Example of a Patent Analysis of an Important Substitution Plan

2020 ◽  
pp. 143-157
Author(s):  
Maria A. Milkova
Keyword(s):  
Information Search ◽  
Topic Modeling ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Innovative Approach ◽  
Iterative Search ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Priori Information ◽  
Selection Of

Nowadays the process of information accumulation is so rapid that the concept of the usual iterative search requires revision. Being in the world of oversaturated information in order to comprehensively cover and analyze the problem under study, it is necessary to make high demands on the search methods. An innovative approach to search should flexibly take into account the large amount of already accumulated knowledge and a priori requirements for results. The results, in turn, should immediately provide a roadmap of the direction being studied with the possibility of as much detail as possible. The approach to search based on topic modeling, the so-called topic search, allows you to take into account all these requirements and thereby streamline the nature of working with information, increase the efficiency of knowledge production, avoid cognitive biases in the perception of information, which is important both on micro and macro level. In order to demonstrate an example of applying topic search, the article considers the task of analyzing an import substitution program based on patent data. The program includes plans for 22 industries and contains more than 1,500 products and technologies for the proposed import substitution. The use of patent search based on topic modeling allows to search immediately by the blocks of a priori information – terms of industrial plans for import substitution and at the output get a selection of relevant documents for each of the industries. This approach allows not only to provide a comprehensive picture of the effectiveness of the program as a whole, but also to visually obtain more detailed information about which groups of products and technologies have been patented.

COMBINATORIAL POLYNOMIALLY COMPUTABLE CHARACTERISTICS OF SUBSTITUTIONS AND THEIR PROPERTIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR NIKONOV ◽  
◽  
ANTON ZOBOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Expectation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Computational Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bijective Function ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Element Base ◽  
Selection Of

The construction and selection of a suitable bijective function, that is, substitution, is now becoming an important applied task, particularly for building block encryption systems. Many articles have suggested using different approaches to determining the quality of substitution, but most of them are highly computationally complex. The solution of this problem will significantly expand the range of methods for constructing and analyzing scheme in information protection systems. The purpose of research is to find easily measurable characteristics of substitutions, allowing to evaluate their quality, and also measures of the proximity of a particular substitutions to a random one, or its distance from it. For this purpose, several characteristics were proposed in this work: difference and polynomial, and their mathematical expectation was found, as well as variance for the difference characteristic. This allows us to make a conclusion about its quality by comparing the result of calculating the characteristic for a particular substitution with the calculated mathematical expectation. From a computational point of view, the thesises of the article are of exceptional interest due to the simplicity of the algorithm for quantifying the quality of bijective function substitutions. By its nature, the operation of calculating the difference characteristic carries out a simple summation of integer terms in a fixed and small range. Such an operation, both in the modern and in the prospective element base, is embedded in the logic of a wide range of functional elements, especially when implementing computational actions in the optical range, or on other carriers related to the field of nanotechnology.

Factors Affecting Molecular Self-Assembly and Its Mechanism

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hueyling Tan
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Molecular Engineering ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Polymer Science ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Dna Structures ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Wide Range

Molecular self-assembly is ubiquitous in nature and has emerged as a new approach to produce new materials in chemistry, engineering, nanotechnology, polymer science and materials. Molecular self-assembly has been attracting increasing interest from the scientific community in recent years due to its importance in understanding biology and a variety of diseases at the molecular level. In the last few years, considerable advances have been made in the use ofpeptides as building blocks to produce biological materials for wide range of applications, including fabricating novel supra-molecular structures and scaffolding for tissue repair. The study ofbiological self-assembly systems represents a significant advancement in molecular engineering and is a rapidly growing scientific and engineering field that crosses the boundaries ofexisting disciplines. Many self-assembling systems are rangefrom bi- andtri-block copolymers to DNA structures as well as simple and complex proteins andpeptides. The ultimate goal is to harness molecular self-assembly such that design andcontrol ofbottom-up processes is achieved thereby enabling exploitation of structures developed at the meso- and macro-scopic scale for the purposes oflife and non-life science applications. Such aspirations can be achievedthrough understanding thefundamental principles behind the selforganisation and self-synthesis processes exhibited by biological systems.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document