scholarly journals Addressing occupational stress among health staff in non-government controlled Northern Syria: Supporting resilience in a dangerous workplace

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 104-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmood Othman ◽  
Zachary Steel ◽  
Catalina Lawsin ◽  
Ruth Wells
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Health Staff ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Health Clinics ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
The People ◽  
Programme Staff ◽  
Organisational Level

Introduction: Syrian medical staff working in non-government controlled areas of Syria operate in situations that expose them to great personal danger, while they must often face the same challenges as the people they help. Supporting the wellbeing of these staff is crucial to the operation of health services for internally displaced Syrians given the large-scale destruction of healthcare infrastructure. Methods: Findings from a staffcare programme designed by a grassroots Syrian psychosocial organisation in Southern Turkey and implemented in a medical nongovernment organisation in Idlib in Northern Syria are presented. An iterative and collaborative process employed individual, team and organisational level consultation to identify occupational stresses within the workplace. A six-month programme involved group sessions across eight sites with 56 staff working in three primary health clinics, two mobile teams and one sexual and reproductive health clinic, serving eight internally displaced persons camps in Idlib. Results: Following the programme, staff reported significant reductions in role ambiguity, and improvements in the nature of their work, personal relationships with colleagues and superiors and physical conditions in the workplace. There were no significant differences in reported organisational structure or job satisfaction. Discussion: This evaluation of a grassroots programme, designed to address the expressed needs of displaced staff, suggests that reductions in daily living stresses can be achieved even in the context of ongoing crisis.

scholarly journals Primary health clinic toilet/bathroom surface swab sampling can indicate community profile of sexually transmitted infections

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip M. Giffard ◽  
Jiunn-Yih Su ◽  
Patiyan Andersson ◽  
Deborah C. Holt
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Stochastic Effects ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Health Clinics ◽  
Primary Health

Background The microbiome of built environment surfaces is impacted by the presence of humans. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that analysis of surface swabs from clinic toilet/bathroom yields results correlated with sexually transmitted infection (STI) notifications from corresponding human populations. We extended a previously reported study in which surfaces in toilet/bathroom facilities in primary health clinics in the Australian Northern Territory (NT) were swabbed then tested for nucleic acid from the STI agents Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Trichomonas vaginalis. This was in the context of assessing the potential for such nucleic acid to contaminate specimens collected in such facilities. STIs are notifiable in the NT, thus allowing comparison of swab and notification data. Methods An assumption in the design was that while absolute built environment loads of STI nucleic acids will be a function of patient traffic density and facility cleaning protocols, the relative loads of STI nucleic acids from different species will be largely unaffected by these processes. Another assumption was that the proportion of swabs testing positive for STIs provides a measure of surface contamination. Accordingly, “STI profiles” were calculated. These were the proportions that each of the three STIs of interest contributed to the summed STI positive swabs or notifications. Three comparisons were performed, using swab data from clinics in remote Indigenous communities, clinics in small-medium towns, and a single urban sexual health clinic. These data were compared with time and place-matched STI notifications. Results There were significant correlations between swab and notifications data for the both the remote Indigenous and regional data. For the remote Indigenous clinics the p values ranged from 0.041 to 0.0089, depending on data transformation and p value inference method. Further, the swab data appeared to strongly indicate known higher relative prevalence of gonorrhoeae in central Australia than in northern Australia. Similarly, the regional clinics yielded p values from 0.0088–0.0022. In contrast, swab and notifications data from the sexual health clinic were not correlated. Discussion Strong correlations between swab and notifications were observed. However, there was evidence for limitations of this approach. Despite the correlation observed with the regional clinics data, one clinic yielded zero positive swabs for C. trachomatis, although this STI constituted 25.1% of the corresponding notifications. This could be ascribed to stochastic effects. The lack of correlation observed for sexual health clinic data was also likely due to stochastic effects. It was concluded that toilet/bathroom surface swab sampling has considerable potential for public health surveillance. The approach may be applicable in situations other than primary health clinics, and for targets other than STIs.

scholarly journals Changes in prescriptions on opioids in primary health care during the years 2008-2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 107 (10) ◽  
pp. 455-459
Author(s):  
Sigríður Óladóttir ◽  
◽  
Jón Steinar Jónsson ◽  
Margrét Ólafía Tómasdóttir ◽  
Hannes Hrafnkelsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Pain Treatment ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Defined Daily Dose ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Opioid Prescription ◽  
Health Clinics ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Research Period

INTRODUCTION: In recent decades there has been a notable increase in the prescription of opioids in western countries. With this rise in use of opioids the risk of side effects, opioid abuse and deaths linked to opioids have become more apparent. The increase in opioid prescription may partly stem from a change in attitude in relation to pain management. Research has shown that pain is among the most common reasons people seek medical care and chronic pain is prevalent. Iceland is leading the Nordic countries in opioid prescriptions. OBJECTIVE: To examine prescriptions of opioids in primary car in Iceland for all age group from 2008 to 2017. METHODS: The research included all opioid prescription in every health clinic in the capital area in Iceland the between 2008 and 2017. Population in the capital area in this time period was between 201 and 222 thousand people. Data was collected from medical records database of the primary health care and approximatley 68.000 individuals had received a prescription for opioids during the research period. RESULTS: During the research period there was a 17,2% (p<0,01) increase in DDD/1000 inhabitants/day (Defined daily dose) for opioids. About a third of those who got the prescription were men and that ratio did not change during the period. proportionately, the biggest change in DDD/1000 inhabitants/day was in the age group made of people 90 years old and older, about 40,5% (p<0,01). The biggest increase in number of people getting a prescription for opioids was in the age group 30-39, about 25,5% (p<0,01). Number of prescriptions increased in every category of opioids, measured in DDD/1000 inhabitants/day,15,3% (p<0,01) in parkódin, 20,7% (p<0,01) in parkódín forte, 4,7% (p<0,01) in tramadol and 85,6% (p<0,01) in the strongest opioids. Discussion: the evolution of prescriptions for every type of opioid to the clients of the health clinics in the capital area that occured in the years from 2008 to 2017, proportionately highest for the strongest opioids, should encourage a review of pain treatment within the health clinics and development within that field.

Audit of Bloemfontein Primary Healthcare Clinics' Emergency Preparedness

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk T Hagemeister ◽  
Molibeli Makhoathi ◽  
Lerato Sekhutsoanyane ◽  
Nqobile Dladla ◽  
Sinenhlanhla Mbongo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Audit Tool ◽  
Magill Forceps ◽  
Health Clinics ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Medical Emergencies ◽  
Primary Healthcare Clinics ◽  
Mean Compliance ◽  
External Defibrillator

Primary health clinic staff must be prepared to manage medical emergencies until an ambulance arrives. This study aimed to determine how well prepared clinics in Bloemfontein, South Africa, are to manage common emergencies regarding consumables, equipment and medication, secondarily to identify common emergencies. This was an observational descriptive study and included all 16 public primary health clinics in the Bloemfontein sub-district. Data were collected using a walk-through audit tool based on current provincial equipment lists. Mean compliance was 45 per cent (range 32–67%) for consumables, 53 per cent (range 46–63%) for equipment, and 58 per cent (range 36–77%) for medication. None of the clinics achieved a level of above 90 per cent in any of these three categories. Six clinics (38%) scored below 40 per cent for consumables, one (6%) for equipment and two (13%) for medication. Items not found in any of the clinics were paediatric or neonatal Magill forceps, size 6.5 cuffed and 4.5 uncuffed endotracheal tubes, and 14 g intravenous cannulas. Two clinics had an automated external defibrillator. Respiratory (asthma), metabolic (hypo- and hyperglycaemia) and cardio circulatory (hypertension) were the most common emergencies. Almost half of all the clinics scored less than 40 per cent in at least one of the three categories, suggesting a general “poor culture” of maintaining emergency trolleys. The utilisation of an easy-to-use audit tool to monitor the emergency preparedness of clinics appears essential. Identified challenges with such a tool need to be dealt with and clear audit rules must accompany such a tool. Audit results should be used in the performance assessment of responsible managers.

scholarly journals Patient Experience of Primary Health Care Users in KwaZulu-Natal

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hope Padayachee ◽  
Muhammad E Hoque ◽  
Emmanuel Mutambara
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Patient Experience ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Clinics ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Kwazulu Natal

This study was conducted to evaluate Patient Experience in primary health clinics in the province of KwaZulu-Natal (KZN). A quantitative study approach included 280 participants. The descriptive cross sectional study utilised a self-administered questionnaire as the research instrument, which was distributed to the target population of primary health care (PHC) users. The overall Patient Experience-Satisfaction showed that more than half of the respondents were not satisfied with the current Patient Experience in the primary health clinic. There was a significant association with age and the overall Patient Experience-Satisfaction (p<0.05). Older patients indicate a favourable Patient Experience when compared to younger patients, who are more critical of the Patient Experience elicited in primary health clinics. The results showed that gender did not significantly affect the overall Patient Experience-Satisfaction (p=0.957). Race significantly affected Patient Experience (p value = 0.011) with black respondents having a significantly lower mean rank of Patient Experience when compared to Indian respondents. There was an overall negative perception toward the Patient Experience elicited in users. There is an urgent need to review the service delivery of clinics. The need for a Patient Experience Model is highlighted for the health sector in South Africa.

Etude de l'aménagement d'une forêt classée au Mali avec la participation des populations riveraines - Données du problème et éléments de méthodologie | A Study of the Management of a State-Owned Forest in Mali with the Participation of the Population Living nearby - Issue under Investigation and Elements of Methodology

2000 ◽  
Vol 151 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-83
Author(s):  
Pascal Schneider ◽  
Jean-Pierre Sorg
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Environmental Context ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
The State ◽  
Commercial Use ◽  
Economic Context ◽  
The People

In and around the state-owned forest of Farako in the region of Sikasso, Mali, a large-scale study focused on finding a compromise allowing the existential and legitimate needs of the population to be met and at the same time conserving the forest resources in the long term. The first step in research was to sketch out the rural socio-economic context and determine the needs for natural resources for autoconsumption and commercial use as well as the demand for non-material forest services. Simultaneously, the environmental context of the forest and the resources available were evaluated by means of inventories with regard to quality and quantity. According to an in-depth comparison between demand and potential, there is a differentiated view of the suitability of the forest to meet the needs of the people living nearby. Propositions for a multipurpose management of the forest were drawn up. This contribution deals with some basic elements of research methodology as well as with results of the study.

Popular Resource Sovereignty

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leif Wenar
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Good Reason ◽  
Resource Curse ◽  
Civil Conflict ◽  
Popular Sovereignty ◽  
State Sovereignty ◽  
The People ◽  
Rich Countries

Article 1 of both of the major human rights covenants declares that the people of each country “shall freely dispose of their natural wealth and resources.” This chapter considers what conditions would have to hold for the people of a country to exercise this right—and why public accountability over natural resources is the only realistic solution to the “resource curse,” which makes resource-rich countries more prone to authoritarianism, civil conflict, and large-scale corruption. It also discusses why cosmopolitans, who have often been highly critical of prerogatives of state sovereignty, have good reason to endorse popular sovereignty over natural resources. Those who hope for more cosmopolitan institutions should see strengthening popular resource sovereignty as the most responsible path to achieving their own goals.

scholarly journals Impact of Pharmacist Insulin Injection Re-Education on Glycemic Control Among Type II Diabetic Patients in Primary Health Clinics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selvakumari Selvadurai ◽  
Kit Yee Cheah ◽  
Min Wei Ching ◽  
Hanisah Kamaruddin ◽  
Xiao You Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Insulin Injection ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Health Clinics ◽  
Primary Health

scholarly journals The Low-redshift Intergalactic Medium

1999 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Michael Shull ◽  
Steven V. Penton ◽  
John T. Stocke
Keyword(s):  
Galaxy Formation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Intergalactic Medium ◽  
Hubble Space Telescope ◽  
Characteristic Size ◽  
Baryon Density ◽  
Frequency Space ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Low Metallicity ◽  
Set Up

AbstractThe low-redshift Lyα forest of absorption lines provides a probe of large-scale baryonic structures in the intergalactic medium, some of which may be remnants of physical conditions set up during the epoch of galaxy formation. We discuss our recent Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations and interpretation of low-z Lyα clouds toward nearby Seyferts and QSOs, including their frequency, space density, estimated mass, association with galaxies, and contribution to Ωb. Our HST/GHRS detections of ∼ 70 Lyα absorbers with Nhi ≥ 1012·6 cm−2 along 11 sightlines covering pathlength Δ(cz) = 114,000 km s−1 show f (>Nhi) α Nhi−0·63±0·04 and a line frequency dN/dz = 200 ± 40 for Nhi > 1012·6 cm−2 (one every 1500 km s−1 of redshift). A group of strong absorbers toward PKS 2155–304 may be associated with gas (400–800) kpc from four large galaxies, with low metallicity (≤0·003 solar) and D/H ≤ 2 × 10−4. At low-z, we derive a metagalactic ionising radiation field from AGN of J0 = × 10−23 erg cm−2 s−1 Hz−1 sr−1 and a Lyα-forest baryon density Ωb =(0·008 ± 0·004)[J−23N14b100]½ for clouds of characteristic size b = (100 kpc)b100.

scholarly journals The Jordanian primary healthcare practitioner in cancer control

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (03) ◽  
pp. 261-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nour A. Obeidat ◽  
Feras I. Hawari ◽  
Malek A. Habashneh ◽  
Rawan A. Shihab
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Related Services ◽  
Cancer Early Detection ◽  
Health Clinics ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Specialized Care

AimTo measure the knowledge, perceptions, and practices of Jordanian primary healthcare practitioners (PHCPs) (physicians, nurses, midwives, and nurse aids) employed in Jordanian Ministry of Health (MoH) primary health clinics with respect to counseling on cancer (cancer screening, the signs and symptoms of cancer, and referral for specialized care).BackgroundIntegration of oncology services within primary care is a means of enhancing cancer early detection, and requires involvement of skilled. In the Middle East, little is known about PHCPs’ potential to be providers of such services.MethodsA questionnaire measuring PHCP perceptions and practices related to counseling on cancer screening and diagnosis was distributed to PHCPs across MoH clinics covering the main regions of Jordan.FindingsA total of 322 practitioners responded (75.1% response). Across most activities involving cancer detection, no more than 30% reported performing activities. Roughly half of PHCPs expressed discomfort at providing cancer-related counseling and at least 43% of non-physicians expressed limited confidence in cancer-related counseling. Confidence was a consistent predictor of provision of counseling and confidence in turn was associated with having greater knowledge, having positive a valuation of counseling, and being a physician. Results reveal points where educational efforts can strengthen PHCPs’ provision of cancer control-related services.

Long-term Planning: Its Importance in the Effective Administration of Social Change

1954 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Annette Rosenstiel
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Technology Research ◽  
The People ◽  
Effective Administration ◽  
Cultural Pattern ◽  
Modern Knowledge ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
The Government

In its program for underdeveloped areas, the United Nations faces on a large scale the need to effect concrete adaptations of the habits of indigenous peoples to modern knowledge and technology. Research to determine the best methods of procedure has disclosed that, in certain areas, previous attempts on the part of administrators to introduce innovations and make changes which could not be integrated into the cultural pattern of the indigenous people proved unsatisfactory to them and costly to the government concerned. In most cases, changes in diet, crops and habits of work—let alone the introduction of industrial disciplines—may not be pressed down like a cookie-cutter on a going society. The administration of change often proves a disconcertingly stubborn affair, exasperating both to the administrator and to the people whom he seeks to catch up into the ways of "progress."

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