scholarly journals Neuropsychologist

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen L. Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Health Care Team ◽  
Cognitive Tests ◽  
Brain Functioning ◽  
Independent Functioning ◽  
And Behavior

It has been estimated that at least half of individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience some degree of cognitive dysfunction, which can negatively affect employment status and quality of life. Many MS patients are referred for neuropsychological evaluation to assess their cognitive abilities. This article describes the evaluation process and the role of the neuropsychologist on a multidisciplinary MS health-care team. A neuropsychologist is trained in relationships between brain functioning and behavior and can administer cognitive tests and provide feedback on the individual's cognitive strengths and weaknesses. The findings can be used to recommend specific types of compensation strategies or other interventions that may help the patient maintain employment and independent functioning.

scholarly journals Effects of the physical and social environment on youth cognitive performance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley J Meredith ◽  
Carlos Cardenas-Iniguez ◽  
Marc Berman ◽  
Monica Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
National Database ◽  
Brain Functioning ◽  
Unique Variance ◽  
Children's Home ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Caregiver Report

Individual differences in children’s cognitive abilities impact life and health outcomes. What factors influence these individual differences during development? Here we test whether children’s environments predict cognitive performance, independent of well- characterized socioeconomic effects. We analyzed data from 9002 9–10-year-olds from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study, an ongoing longitudinal study with community samples across the U.S.A. Using youth- and caregiver-report questionnaires and national database registries (e.g., neighborhood crime, walkability), we defined principal components summarizing children’s home, school, neighborhood, and cultural environments. In two independent samples (ns = 3475, 5527), environmental components explained unique variance in children’s general cognitive ability, executive functioning, and learning/memory abilities. Furthermore, increased neighborhood enrichment was associated with a decreased relationship between sociodemographics and general cognitive abilities. Thus, the environment explains unique variance in cognitive performance in development and should be considered alongside sociodemographic factors to understand brain functioning and behavior.

Predictors of quality of life in people with intellectual disability in Bosnia and Herzegovina

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haris Memisevic ◽  
Selmir Hadzic ◽  
Sadeta Zecic ◽  
Edin Mujkanovic
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Support Programs ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Disability Employment

AbstractQuality of life (QOL) of people with intellectual disability is increasingly becoming the target for intervention and a measure of success of different support programs. Knowing the predictors of QOL might make the support programs more effective. In the present study, QOL of 152 persons with intellectual disability was assessed through the personal outcomes scale (POS)-self report. Total score on the POS was used as a dependent variable and age, sex, level of intellectual disability, employment status and marriage status were assessed as the potential predictors of QOL. The statistically significant predictors of QOL were level of intellectual disability and employment status. These predictors explained 19% of variance in POS scores. The results of this study indicate that the strategies aimed at increasing the QOL of people with disability must focus on finding and expanding the employment opportunities for people with intellectual disability. The role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) can be very significant in this regard. The article concludes with a discussion of how predictors of QOL outcomes reported by other investigators could be incorporated into the policies and practices of NGOs to enhance person-referenced QOL outcomes.

Relationship Connection: A Redux on the Role of Minding and the Quality of Feeling Special in the Enhancement of Closeness

2009 ◽  
pp. 384-392
Author(s):  
John H. Harvey ◽  
Brian G. Pauwels
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Patterns ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
History Of ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
Ending Process ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Achieving constructive relationship connections is an important step as an objective of positive psychology. In the context of a culture of dissolution in close relationships, minding serves as an antidote to the demise of feelings of closeness overtime. In this paper, we argue that minding the close relationship is a powerful pathway to developing and enhancing closeness. Minding is a combination of thought and behavior patterns that interact to create stability and feelings of closeness. Minding is formally defined as a reciprocal knowing process that occurs nonstop throughout the history of the relationship and that involves a complex package of interrelated thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. The components of minding are knowing and being known, achieved through reciprocal self-disclosure; attribution that is realistic about causality, but that also gives one's partner the benefit of doubt in questionable circumstances; acceptance of what one discovers in the knowing process and respect for one's partner revealed in this process; and reciprocity and continuity. The final component emphasizes the fact that minding must be done by both partners and that it is a never-ending process. The paper also describes other contemporary conceptions to which minding is closely related and addresses future direction for research on the minding process.

scholarly journals Ayurveda and Panchakarma: Measuring the Effects of a Holistic Health Intervention

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 272-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Conboy ◽  
Ingrid Edshteyn ◽  
Hilary Garivaltis
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Holistic Health ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Home Context ◽  
Ayurvedic Treatment ◽  
Using Data ◽  
And Behavior

Ayurveda, the traditional medical system of India, is understudied in western contexts. Using data gathered from an Ayurvedic treatment program, this study examined the role of psychosocial factors in the process of behavior change and the salutogenic process. This observational study examined associations with participation in the 5-day Ayurvedic cleansing retreat program, Panchakarma. Quality of life, psychosocial, and behavior change measurements were measured longitudinally on 20 female participants. Measurements were taken before the start of the program, immediately after the program, and 3 months postprogram. The program did not significantly improve quality of life. Significant improvements were found in self-efficacy towards using Ayurveda to improve health and reported positive health behaviors. In addition, perceived social support and depression showed significant improvements 3 months postprogram after the subjects had returned to their home context. As a program of behavior change, our preliminary results suggest that the complex intervention Panchakarma may be effective in assisting one's expected and reported adherence to new and healthier behavior patterns.

scholarly journals EMDR Resource Methods for Women With Breast Cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katy Murray
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Somatic Disorders ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Emdr Therapy

The diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer can involve a series of life-altering, traumatic experiences, leading to distress, reduced quality of life, and long-standing fears of recurrence. Distress may exacerbate physical symptoms, impair coping, impact health behaviors, and reduce compliance with cancer treatment. Psychological treatments have focused on alleviating distress and improving quality of life. Given the growing evidence of the role of stress and behavior on cancer outcomes, a biobehavioral approach to treatment may serve to achieve these traditional treatment goals while also impacting disease course. Shapiro’s (2001) eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) protocol for illness and somatic disorders was greatly informed by her interest in mind–body approaches to health and the newly emerging (1992) field of psychoneuroimmunology. The protocol includes first identifying and addressing the realistic fears and challenges a woman faces. Once appropriate, EMDR therapy turns to the reprocessing of past memories, present triggers, and the development of positive future templates of health. This article focuses on situations, usually in the early diagnosis and intensive phases of cancer treatment, when the reprocessing phases of EMDR therapy need to be delayed because of the demands of cancer treatment or insufficient client stability. Resourcing interventions that are compatible with biobehavioral goals are provided, with brief clinical examples.

scholarly journals The Role of Teachers in Enhancing Information and Communication Technology-Integrated Education in Cambodia

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-92
Author(s):  
Sineth Seng ◽  
Hyejeong Choi ◽  
Hyun S. Shin
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School Teachers ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Integrated Education ◽  
Ict Skills ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Teacher Training Programs ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
And Behavior

The integration of ICT in education can be an effective method of improving the quality of education in developing countries. This paper aims to examine the role that teachers play in enhancing ICT-integrated education by analyzing the perception, belief and behavior of secondary school teachers in Cambodia (N = 121). Its findings suggest that although the teachers have positive perception and belief towards ICT-integrated education, their usage of ICT in the classroom is notably limited. A number of barriers are identified such as inadequate ICT-related infrastructure and insufficient teacher training programs. Interestingly, ANOVA analysis reveals that female teachers have lower self-confidence with respect to ICT skills than do male teachers (p < .05). Policy implications regarding budget allocation and international public-private partnership are discussed.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF COMMUNICATION IN THE BUYING AND NEGOTIATION PROCESS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Oktri Permata Lani
Keyword(s):  
Price Competition ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Negotiation Process ◽  
Standard Quality ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
A Company

Individuals and individuals who are members of an organization cannot achieve their goals and cannot even carry out their lives if they do not cooperate with other parties. Today, competition among companies in Indonesia is growing, especially in the sale of cars and spare parts. These symptoms can be seen from the price competition for cars and spare parts which vary greatly from one company to another, namely from low prices with standard quality to high prices with good quality. This is what makes a company compete to improve the quality of basic car materials and spare parts at prices that are affordable by the community. Negotiation is a process of interaction in an offer made by two or more parties, who want to achieve their respective interests and realize that in order to achieve all of their interests, they must relate to each other and direct each other's interests in order to achieve the benefit of all parties. In this case, the agreement between the two parties on the price quote is carried out by the customer and the company's negotiator. Based on the background of the problem described above, the authors formulate the main problem as follows: "What is the role of communication in the process of buying and selling negotiations". From the formulation of the problem that has been described above, the researcher wants to achieve a goal in this study. The purpose of this research, is to determine the role of communication in the process of buying and selling negotiations and to determine the barriers to communication. This research method uses a literature review. Communication is a process, namely the process of conveying thoughts or feelings by someone (the communicator) to another person (the communicant) to change the opinions, attitudes and behavior of others. By communicating, humans can convey their experiences, desires, and feelings to others directly or through the means or media they have. Through communication individuals can plan their future, form groups for cooperation, convey information, opinions, ideas, concepts, knowledge and change attitudes. To achieve effective and efficient negotiations is not as easy as people imagine. Many things must be considered in communicating so that messages or statements conveyed to others can be understood and understood.

scholarly journals Family Caregiver Strain and Challenges When Caring for Orthopedic Patients: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1497
Author(s):  
Umile Giuseppe Longo ◽  
Maria Matarese ◽  
Valeria Arcangeli ◽  
Viviana Alciati ◽  
Vincenzo Candela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Health Care Team ◽  
Process Of Care ◽  
Orthopedic Patients ◽  
The Impact

Background: Caregivers represent the core of patients’ care in hospital structures, in the process of care and self-care after discharge. We aim to identify the factors that affect the strain of caring for orthopedic patients and how these factors are related to the quality of life of caregivers. We also want to evaluate the role of caregivers in orthopedic disease, focusing attention on the patient–caregiver dyad. Methods: A comprehensive search on PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL and Embase databases was conducted. This review was reported following PRISMA statement guidance. Studies were selected, according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, about patient–caregiver dyads. For quality assessment, we used the MINORS and the Cochrane Risk of BIAS assessment tool. Results: 28 studies were included in the systematic review; in these studies, 3034 dyads were analyzed. Caregivers were not always able to bear the difficulties of care. An improvement in strain was observed after behavioral interventions from health-care team members; Conclusions: The role of the caregiver can lead to a deterioration of physical, cognitive and mental conditions. The use of behavioral interventions increased quality of life, reducing the strain in caregivers of orthopedic patients. For this reason, it is important to consider the impact that orthopedic disease has on the strain of the caregiver and to address this topic.

scholarly journals Clinical Holistic Medicine: Social Problems Disguised as Illness

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 286-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Søren Ventegodt ◽  
Mohammed Morad ◽  
Isack Kandel ◽  
Joav Merrick
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Holistic Medicine ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
And Behavior

Many of the diseases seen in the clinic are actually symptoms of social problems. It is often easier for the physician to treat the symptoms than to be a coach and help the patient to assume responsibility in order to improve quality of life, social situation, and relations. If the physician ignores the signs of the disease as a symptom of social problems, and treats the patient with pharmaceuticals, he can give the patient the best justification in the world not to do anything about the situation. It is very important that the physician is not tricked by the games the socially troubled patient, more or less unconsciously, is playing. A firm and wise attitude that confronts the patient with his or her lack of responsibility for solving social problems seems to be a constructive way out. The physician can give holding and support, but the responsibility must remain with the patient. Often it is better for the patient that the physician abstains from giving drugs that can remedy the symptoms and takes the role of a coach instead. Suffering is not necessarily bad, suffering is actually highly motivating and often the most efficient source of learning. Coaching can help the patient canalize his motivation into highly constructive considerations and behavior. A holistic approach thus gives the patient learning and helps him rehabilitate his social reality. Concerning children with recurrent or chronic pain, we have observed an overuse of painkillers, where we believe part is of a psychosomatic nature due to poor thriving in the family. Here the physician has an important job helping the parents to develop as persons, teaching them the basic holding of awareness, respect, care, acknowledgment and acceptance of their child. Most of the chronic pain and discomfort with children can be improved if the physician understands how to use the holistic medical toolbox.

The Role of Podiatric Medicine in the Health-Care Team

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-199
Author(s):  
Leonard A. Levy
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Team ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Foot And Ankle ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Care Costs ◽  
And Training

As physicians, podiatric medical doctors should not define themselves as medical professionals who treat the foot and ankle but rather as medical professionals who prevent, diagnose, and treat people who have foot and ankle problems. Patients who come to see podiatric physicians often have other health-care issues, and because of the education and training that doctors of podiatric medicine receive, they are uniquely qualified to identify and respond to findings not only related to the pedal extremity but also that may affect overall health, have a major effect on quality of life, and even help reduce overall health-care costs. The role of podiatric medicine as a truly integrated branch of medical care needs to be reassessed.

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