scholarly journals A research institution framework for publishing open code to enable reproducible science

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R Etherington ◽  
Ben Jolly ◽  
Jan Zörner ◽  
Nick Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Computer Code ◽  
Research Institution ◽  
Research Organisation ◽  
Open Code ◽  
Scientific Computer ◽  
Institutional Benefits

Reproducible science is greatly aided by open publishing of scientific computer code. There are also many institutional benefits for encouraging the publication of scientific code, but there are also institutional considerations around intellectual property and risk. We discuss questions around scientific code publishing from the perspective of a research organisation asking: who will be involved, how should code be licensed, where should code be published, how to get credit, what standards, and what costs? In reviewing advice and evidence relevant to these questions we propose a research institution framework for publishing open scientific code to enable reproducible science.

scholarly journals A research institution framework for publishing open code to enable reproducible science

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R Etherington ◽  
Ben Jolly ◽  
Jan Zörner ◽  
Nick Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Computer Code ◽  
Research Institution ◽  
Research Organisation ◽  
Open Code ◽  
Scientific Computer ◽  
Institutional Benefits

Reproducible science is greatly aided by open publishing of scientific computer code. There are also many institutional benefits for encouraging the publication of scientific code, but there are also institutional considerations around intellectual property and risk. We discuss questions around scientific code publishing from the perspective of a research organisation asking: who will be involved, how should code be licensed, where should code be published, how to get credit, what standards, and what costs? In reviewing advice and evidence relevant to these questions we propose a research institution framework for publishing open scientific code to enable reproducible science.

Intellectual Property and Virtual Worlds

2010 ◽  
pp. 109-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Adrian
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Virtual Worlds ◽  
Real World ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
Computer Code ◽  
Property Law ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
Marginal Costs ◽  
Virtual Property

As stated previously, virtual worlds are created by computer code which is designed to act like real world property. (Fairfield, 2005) Also noted earlier was the emergent certainty that digital technology is detaching information from the physical plane, which, in turn, disrupts the foundations of property law. The next question posed was, should this virtual property be protected and regulated in the same manner as real world property? The answer was perhaps. However, first, another aspect of property law should be considered, intellectual property. A good deal of computer code is just one step away from pure idea. Like ideas, it is non-rivalrous; that is, one person’s use of the code does not stop another person from using it. (Fairfield, 2005) This kind of code is deemed to be protected by intellectual property law. (Lessig, 1999; Geist, 2003; O’Rourke, 1997) Intellectual property protects the creative interest in non-rivalrous resources. Richard Posner (2000) noted: “Intellectual property is characterized by heavy fixed costs relative to marginal costs. It is often very expensive to create, but once it is created the cost of making additional copies is low, dramatically so, in the case of software, where it is only a slight overstatement to speak of marginal cost as zero. Without legal protection, the creator of intellectual property may be unable to recoup his investment, because competitors can free-ride on it; and so legal protection can expand output rather than, as in the usual case of monopoly reduce it.”

Varieties of Software and their Implications for Effective Democratic Government

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Jean Camp
Keyword(s):  
Market Structure ◽  
Complex Network ◽  
Computer Code ◽  
Free Software ◽  
Digital Systems ◽  
Democratic Government ◽  
Open Code ◽  
The Relationship

As governmental processes and judgments become increasingly digital, the transparency of digital systems that implement the processes of government becomes increasingly important. Open code is a necessary but not sufficient prerequisite for maintaining transparency as democracy becomes digitized, and complete openness of process is not appropriate for every domain. This chapter explores some of the complexities in the relationship between openness of code and democratic government. Computer code controls and enables the actions of users, and for users to have true autonomy they must be able to examine, alter, and redistribute the code. A key issue for transparency is the degree to which this observation applies to the activities of government that are embedded in computer code. Free software creates a fundamentally different market structure than closed code. The philosophy of free software argues that the inability to view code that implements governance suggests totalitarian and Kafkaesque control, a constraining complex network of rules and regulations.

IP Fundamentals – What Every CEO Should Know About IP in Biotechnology

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Doyle
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Patent Protection ◽  
Computer Code ◽  
Trade Secret ◽  
Due Diligence ◽  
Trade Secrets ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Written Description ◽  
The U.S

This chapter addresses four essential components of Intellectual Property as it relates to patents: (1) patents and the patent process, (2) developing a strategy to maximize patent protection for a product or a process, (3) due diligence, and (4) issues of inventorship and ownership. By way of an overview, there are four basic types of Intellectual Property – Patents, Trademarks, Copyrights and Trade Secrets. Patents cover ideas that are novel, non‑obvious, have utility and satisfy the enablement and written description provisions of the U.S. patent Statute. Trademarks cover identification of goods and services. Copyrights protect tangible expression, including writings, computer code, websites and the like. A Trade Secret is a form of intellectual property where secrecy is maintained over a process or an ingredient of a product over a period of time. This chapter will focus almost exclusively on patents.

scholarly journals Code Sharing in Psychological Methods and Statistics: An Overview and Associations with Conventional and Alternative Research Metrics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Šimon Kucharský ◽  
Bobby Lee Houtkoop ◽  
Ingmar Visser
Keyword(s):  
Effective Means ◽  
Computer Code ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Scientific Databases ◽  
Code Sharing ◽  
General Article ◽  
Alternative Research ◽  
Citation Counts ◽  
Scientific Computer ◽  
Research Metrics

Towards discovering more effective means to promote code sharing as an open science practice, this study explores the current state of code sharing within the field of psychological methods and statistics and examines the association between this practice and conventional and alternative research metrics. Towards this purpose, a total of 815 articles from three major journals within the field of psychological methods and statistics were manually screened and encoded based on code sharing practices and general article characteristics. In addition, data on conventional (citation counts) and alternative research metrics (Altmetric Attention Score) was retrieved through online scientific databases (Web of Science and Altmetric.com). This input was then analysed using descriptive statistics and regression models suitable for count data, and robustness of the findings were assessed using multiverse analysis. The findings of this study suggest that the sharing of scientific computer code is not (yet) extensively practiced within the field of psychological methods and statistics. In the majority of academic articles included in this study, scientific computer code was not shared (66 %). Moreover, if such code was shared, it was frequently found to be improperly annotated (70 %) and/or incomplete (52 %). Nevertheless, the findings of this study also suggest a hopeful prospect, as the sharing of scientific computer code has increased between 2010 and 2017. The study revealed a robust positive connection with alternative research metrics. This study did not find robust positive connection between code sharing and citation counts.

scholarly journals DINAMIKA PUBLIKASI KARYA TULIS ILMIAH (KTI) PENELITI BBRLPP 2015-2018

Jurnal Pari ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Ketut Masiani
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Fish Health ◽  
Marine Aquaculture ◽  
Research Institution ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Published Paper ◽  
Research Institute

ABSTRAK:Karya tulis ilmiah merupakan kekayaan intelektual bagi suatu lembaga dan negara dan secaraindividu merupakan media aktualisasi diri seorang peneliti. Di lembaga riset hasil karya tulisilmiah merupakan salah satu point yang sering dipersyaratkan dalam keberhasilan pencapaian kinerja lembaga. BBRBLPP sebagai lembaga riset di bawah naungan BRSDMKP merupakansebuah lembaga riset dalam bidang budidaya laut. Karya tulis ilmiah yang dihasilkan oleh penelitibanyak digunakan sebagai indikator keberhasilan lembaga untuk memperoleh suatu pengakuandari lembaga lain. Untuk mengetahui perkembangan KTI yang dihasilkan dilakukan inventarisasi capaian KTI yang telah dipublikasikan oleh peneliti BBRBLPP dari tahun 2015-2018. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa jumlah KTI yang dipublikasikan dalam periode tahun 2015 - 2018 terbanyak terjadi pada tahun 2016 yaitu sebanyak 71 judul dan terendah pada tahun 2017 sebanyak 27 judul. Rata - rata jumlah KTI yang dihasilkan per peneliti pada tiap kelompok penelitian yang tertinggi ada pada kelti nutrisi dan teknologi pakan yaitu sebanyak 6 KTI dan terendah pada keltikesehatan ikan dan lingkungan sebanyak 4 KTI.ABSTRACT:Scientific paper is an institution and state intellectual property and individually is a media of self-actualization of a researcher. In research institution the numbers of its are one of the points that are often required in the successful achievement of the institution’s performance. IMRAFE as a research institute under the auspices of Agency for Marine & Fisheries Research & Human Resources is a research institute in the field of marine aquaculture. Scientific papers produced by researchers are widely used as indicators of the success of the Institute to obtain recognition from other institutions. To find out the development of paper produced in the period of 2015-2018, an inventory of published paper was made. The results show that the highest number of published papers in the period of 2015 - 2018 occurred in 2016 at 71 titles and the lowest in 2017 as many as 27 titles. The highest average number of papers produced per researcher in each study group was in the nutrition and feed technology as much as 6 titles and the lowest was in fish health and environmental as much as 4 titles

scholarly journals Prosecution of Property Rights of Intellectual Property to the Results of Works under the Contract for Research, Development and Engineering

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-110
Author(s):  
Roman Denysenko
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Industrial Design ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Utility Model ◽  
Research Institution ◽  
The Relationship

Keywords: results of work, subjects of property rights of intellectual property, jointproperty rights of intellectual property The article deals with an issue of allocation of rights to the results ofworks that are intellectual property subject-matter, created during research or developmentand engineering works. It is considered what can be the result of works andin what form.It analyses problematic issues of the multiplicity of subjects of intellectual propertyrights to the results of work under the contract and the relationship between themon the prosecution of the joint intellectual property rights to the results of work. It isdetermined that the subjects of contractual relations of research or development andengineering works in addition to the executor and the customer should also includethe creator (author, inventor) — a specialist working in a research institution or in acompany, whose creative work resulted in the intellectual property subject-matter.Attention is drawn to the joint rights to service subject-matters created as a consequenceof labour-related duties execution.The norms of special legislation on the relationship on the use of an invention(utility model) and an industrial design, the disposal of property rights of each of theholders (owners) of a patent (certificate) are studied.Laid out in the article gives the ground for making conclusion about the need to supplementthe regulation of relations on the prosecution of the joint intellectual propertyrights to the results of work by including general provisions on the procedure for the useof intellectual property subject-matter and disposal of property rights on conditions establishedby the contract for research or development and engineering in Article 896 ofthe Civil Code of Ukraine. The author proposes to supplement Article 896 of the CivilCode of Ukraine with Chapter 3 as follows: «3. If the results of works have features ofintellectual property subject-matter, then special details of prosecution of propertyrights of intellectual property can be provided in the contract».

scholarly journals GERAKAN KOMUNITAS CANGKIR KAMISAN MEMBANGUN EKONOMI KREATIF DI METRO LAMPUNG

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 394
Author(s):  
Dharma Setyawan
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
The State ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Student Activists ◽  
Research Institution ◽  
Multicultural Community ◽  
Waste Bank ◽  
The City

<p>This Research reveals the role of the Community Cup Kamisan.<br />A community that started its operations from discussions talk think<br />(cups) in the core of the house of the host. Anxiety the pegiatnya<br />consisting of academics, activists, journalists, citizen, teachers,<br />businessmen, were enterprising, and various creative community<br />city. Kamisan Cup community is attempting to revive the role of the<br />various entities in the City Metro Lampung with spirit to build the<br />collective intellectual property. Lampung province which is known<br />with various ethnic conflict, through collective intellectual movement<br />is starting to realize the importance of building togetherness. Borrowed<br />the term Arnold J. Toynbe namely build «creative minority” namely Cups<br />Kamisan community efforts to build the city with the empowerment of<br />various community entities.<br />Kamisan Cup community is a multicultural community who<br />are also trying to develop a creative economy. Consists of various<br />backgrounds from academics, Student activists, journalists, creative<br />citizens, religious leaders unite the idea of building a social movement.<br />Many changes occur from build Citizen journalism portal pojoksamber.<br />com, House Together, research institution Sai Wawai Institute,<br />publication of indie Sai Wawai Publishing, and establish Waste Bank<br />Green cups. In addition many movements of other creative economy<br />that is done by this community. E.g. with began to build the other<br />creative economy documentary, music, and handicrafts.<br />Intellectual Property and the community experienced a<br />because it is based on the logic of politics and keilmuwan at the time<br />of the formation of the term intellectual property. “intellectuals” born<br />from social classes who do claim against the injustice done by the state.<br />The state since the formation, have special characters in the form of<br />domination. In the second phase of the state that is free, that domination<br />continues to the community. In this case, researchers intend to explore<br />the role of the Community Cup Kamisan answer the challenge in<br />building the structure of the output of the community and are able<br />to progress and work for the community. The collective intellectual<br />discourse interesting to examined as part of the responsibility of<br />universities build changes through the way intellectualism naturally<br />dissipate namely knowledge. The meaning of this research is to<br />examine more in the role of the Community Cup Kamisan in building<br />the creative economy in the City of Metro Lampunng</p>

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