Rereading of the genetic origins of cancer: the puzzle of all eras

10.7287/peerj.preprints.27952 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Berjas Abumsimir ◽

Yassine Kasmi ◽

Moulay Mustapha Ennaji

Keyword(s):

Driving Force ◽

Development Process ◽

Evolution Process ◽

Biological Phenomenon ◽

Genetic Origins ◽

Genetic Phenomenon

This is a scientific introduction to review the concept of cancer from a purely genetic perspective in which we try to link the development of tumors by the driving force of the evolution of living beings: the mutations. And to prove the assumption that cancer diversity has a parallel route instead of the whole development process of the cell. Calling for expanding the rolling concept of cancer and tumors definition in general. Which may contribute to altering the angle of our vision to this dangerous biological phenomenon. This call is based on the hypothesis that cancer is a genetic phenomenon that has arisen on the margins of the evolution process, that has continued since the beginning of creation. The pieces of evidence and indications that support this view were presented successively.

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Comparative Research on Evolution Process of Urban Planning of Songyuan City

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.501 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 584-586 ◽

pp. 501-506

Author(s):

Jing Lv ◽

Yan Zong

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Urban Planning ◽

Comparative Research ◽

Development Process ◽

City Planning ◽

Evolution Process ◽

City Development ◽

Land Use Structure ◽

The City

In the process of city development and construction, an oriented urban planning can reasonably determine the direction of the development,the population and land use structure of the city,in order to make overall arrangements and coordinate all aspects of the contradictions. Urban planning has become a necessary part in the development of the city. This paper summarizes the overall plannings of the city of Songyuan over the years, so that readers can clearly grasp the Songyuan city planning and development process and get some enlightenment.

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Improving the mechanism for the implementation of state youth policy

LAPLAGE EM REVISTA ◽

10.24115/s2446-6220202173d1686p.21-27 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3D) ◽

pp. 21-27

Author(s):

Margarita Albertovna Kazaryan ◽

Alexander Valentinovich Kosevich ◽

Azamat Akhmetovich Albogachiev ◽

Natalya Petrovna Tomashevskaya ◽

Elena Borisovna Tretyak

Keyword(s):

Social System ◽

Driving Force ◽

Development Process ◽

State Regulation ◽

Educational Institutions ◽

Youth Policy ◽

Management Processes ◽

The Social ◽

Social Partners ◽

The Russian Federation

The study is devoted to improving the mechanism for the implementation of state youth policy. Youth is the driving force behind the development of society, which requires the participation of all elements of the social system in its formation and direction of the development process along the path of progress. Assessing the experience of management processes in the Russian Federation, it can be argued that state regulation and the solution of youth problems, and especially with regard to graduates of vocational schools and higher educational institutions, is generally imperfect. Therefore, the development of an effective youth policy should be based on the principle most acceptable for today’s youth – partnership in a comprehensive solution to pressing problems of both young people and society as a whole, as well as on equal interaction of the state with all interested social partners and public structures.

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Aktuelle Forschungsansätze für den Sondermaschinenbau*/Research on special purpose machinery - Scope and definition

wt Werkstattstechnik online ◽

10.37544/1436-4980-2016-11-12-73 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 106 (11-12) ◽

pp. 851-856

Author(s):

S. Pöschl ◽

T. Helbig ◽

H.-F. Jacobi ◽

T. Prof. Bauernhansl

Keyword(s):

Product Development ◽

Driving Force ◽

Development Process ◽

Scientific Literature ◽

Product Development Process ◽

Customer Demand ◽

High Quality ◽

Specific Research ◽

Research Fields

Der Sondermaschinenbau ist in Deutschland ein beachtlicher Innovationsmotor. Er beeinflusst zudem die Produktindividualisierung – einen der maßgeblichen Trends im Maschinenbau. In der wissenschaftlichen Literatur werden die aktuellen Herausforderungen im Sondermaschinenbau nur an wenigen Stellen thematisiert. Eine Aufarbeitung dieses Forschungsgebiets ist insbesondere mit Blick auf das weltweite Kundenverlangen, in immer kürzeren Zeitabständen individualisierte, qualitativ hochwertige und kostengünstig hergestellte Produkte oder Systemlösungen bereitzustellen, dringend geboten. Nach einer Kategorisierung des Sondermaschinenbaus werden Forschungsfelder vorgestellt, in den Produktentstehungsprozess eingeordnet und anschließend drei Forschungsansätze veranschaulicht.   The industry of special purpose machinery is a significant driving force for innovation in Germany. Additionally, it has an impact on one of the key trends in engineering, the product individualization. In scientific literature current challenges in special machinery are rarely considered. A workup of the field is urgently required, in particular due to global customer demand. Customers demand a supply of individualized, high quality and inexpensive products or system solutions in continuously decreasing intervals. Following, a categorizing of special machinery and specific research fields are presented. Concluding, three research approaches are presented and classified in the product development process.

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In situ TEM Studies of agglomeration of sub-nanometer Ru layers in Ru/C multilayers

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100121685 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 256-257

Author(s):

Tai D. Nguyen ◽

Ronald Gronsky ◽

Jeffrey B. Kortright

Keyword(s):

Layered Structure ◽

Driving Force ◽

High Energy ◽

Superior Performance ◽

In Situ Tem ◽

Rayleigh Instability ◽

Practical Applications ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Diffraction Patterns

Nanometer period Ru/C multilayers are one of the prime candidates for normal incident reflecting mirrors at wavelengths < 10 nm. Superior performance, which requires uniform layers and smooth interfaces, and high stability of the layered structure under thermal loadings are some of the demands in practical applications. Previous studies however show that the Ru layers in the 2 nm period Ru/C multilayer agglomerate upon moderate annealing, and the layered structure is no longer retained. This agglomeration and crystallization of the Ru layers upon annealing to form almost spherical crystallites is a result of the reduction of surface or interfacial energy from die amorphous high energy non-equilibrium state of the as-prepared sample dirough diffusive arrangements of the atoms. Proposed models for mechanism of thin film agglomeration include one analogous to Rayleigh instability, and grain boundary grooving in polycrystalline films. These models however are not necessarily appropriate to explain for the agglomeration in the sub-nanometer amorphous Ru layers in Ru/C multilayers. The Ru-C phase diagram shows a wide miscible gap, which indicates the preference of phase separation between these two materials and provides an additional driving force for agglomeration. In this paper, we study the evolution of the microstructures and layered structure via in-situ Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and attempt to determine the order of occurence of agglomeration and crystallization in the Ru layers by observing the diffraction patterns.

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The nucleation of cavities at grain boundaries

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100126299 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 45 ◽

pp. 288-291

Author(s):

P. J. Goodhew

Keyword(s):

Surface Tension ◽

Surface Energy ◽

Grain Boundaries ◽

Radiation Damage ◽

Impurity Concentration ◽

Driving Force ◽

Nucleation And Growth ◽

Phase Boundaries ◽

Cavity Nucleation ◽

Spherical Bubble

Cavity nucleation and growth at grain and phase boundaries is of concern because it can lead to failure during creep and can lead to embrittlement as a result of radiation damage. Two major types of cavity are usually distinguished: The term bubble is applied to a cavity which contains gas at a pressure which is at least sufficient to support the surface tension (2g/r for a spherical bubble of radius r and surface energy g). The term void is generally applied to any cavity which contains less gas than this, but is not necessarily empty of gas. A void would therefore tend to shrink in the absence of any imposed driving force for growth, whereas a bubble would be stable or would tend to grow. It is widely considered that cavity nucleation always requires the presence of one or more gas atoms. However since it is extremely difficult to prepare experimental materials with a gas impurity concentration lower than their eventual cavity concentration there is little to be gained by debating this point.

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Language in mental retardation: Individual and syndromic differences, and neurogenetic variation 1Based on a keynote presentation at the Third European Conference on Psychological Theory and Research in Mental Retardation, Geneva, September 1st, 2000.

Swiss Journal of Psychology ◽

10.1024//1421-0185.60.3.161 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

pp. 161-178 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Jean A. Rondal

Keyword(s):

Mental Retardation ◽

Language Development ◽

Oral Language ◽

Psychological Theory ◽

Genetic Syndromes ◽

Explanatory Variables ◽

Keynote Presentation ◽

Genetic Origins ◽

The Sixties ◽

The Individual

Predominantly non-etiological conceptions have dominated the field of mental retardation (MR) since the discovery of the genetic etiology of Down syndrome (DS) in the sixties. However, contemporary approaches are becoming more etiologically oriented. Important differences across MR syndromes of genetic origin are being documented, particularly in the cognition and language domains, differences not explicable in terms of psychometric level, motivation, or other dimensions. This paper highlights the major difficulties observed in the oral language development of individuals with genetic syndromes of mental retardation. The extent of inter- and within-syndrome variability are evaluated. Possible brain underpinnings of the behavioural differences are envisaged. Cases of atypically favourable language development in MR individuals are also summarized and explanatory variables discussed. It is suggested that differences in brain architectures, originating in neurological development and having genetic origins, may largely explain the syndromic as well as the individual within-syndrome variability documented. Lastly, the major implications of the above points for current debates about modularity and developmental connectionism are spelt out.

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