Neoteny and Social Cognition: A Neuroscientific Perspective on Embodiment

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittorio Gallese
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Somatic Development ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Evo Devo

The chapter will address the notion of embodiment from a neuroscientific perspective, by emphasizing the crucial role played by bodily relations and sociality on the evolution and development of distinctive features of human cognition. The neurophysiological level of description is here accounted for in terms of bodily-formatted representations and discussed by replying to criticisms recently raised against this notion. The neuroscientific approach here proposed is critically framed and discussed against the background of the Evo-Devo focus on a little explored feature of human beings in relation to social cognition: their neotenic character. Neoteny refers to the slowed or delayed physiological and/or somatic development of an individual. Such development is largely dependent on the quantity and quality of interpersonal relationships the individual is able to establish with her/his adult peers. It is proposed that human neoteny further supports the crucial role played by embodiment, here spelled out by adopting the explanatory framework of embodied simulation, in allowing humans to engage in social relations, and make sense of others’ behaviors.This approach can fruitfully be used to shed new light onto non propositional forms of communication and social understanding and onto distinctive human forms of meaning making, like the experience of man-made fictional worlds.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF PEDAGOGICAL TOLERANCE OF FUTURE TEACHERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 157-166
Author(s):  
Наталья Ростиславовна Скребнева ◽  
Изабелла Арташесовна Арутюнян
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Education ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
World Culture ◽  
Future Teachers ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Secondary Vocational Education ◽  
The Individual

В статье анализируется возможность применения современных педагогических технологий (на примере интегративного подхода) в процессе преподавания дисциплин студентам педагогических специальностей СПО в целях формирования педагогической толерантности. Рассмотрены понятия «толерантность», виды, формы, классификации толерантности, а также понятие «педагогическая толерантность» и его структурные компоненты. Выявлены противоречия в процессе формирования педагогической толерантности будущих педагогов на социально-педагогическом и научно-методическом уровнях. Сущность педагогической толерантности выражается в построении социальных отношений с участниками образовательного процесса на диалогической основе и на основе понимания, признания и принятия их отличительных особенностей. Для определения уровня сформированности педагогической толерантности будущих педагогов был предложен диагностический комплекс заданий. Формирование педагогической толерантности возможно на основе интегративного подхода. Отмечено, что в условиях организации учебной деятельности студентов педагогических специальностей СПО формирование педагогической толерантности личности возможно средствами искусства, через приобщение к сокровищам мировой культуры. The article analyzes the possibility of using modern pedagogical technologies (on the example of an integrative approach) in the process of teaching disciplines to students of pedagogical specialties of secondary vocational education in order to form pedagogical tolerance. The concepts of«tolerance», types, forms, classifications of tolerance, as well as the concept of «pedagogical tolerance» and its structural components are considered. Contradictions in the process of forming pedagogical tolerance of future teachers at the socio-pedagogical and scientific-methodological level are revealed. The essence of pedagogical tolerance is expressed in building social relations with the participants of the educational process on a dialogical basis and on the basis of understanding, recognition and acceptance of their distinctive features. To determine the level of formation of pedagogical tolerance of future teachers, a diagnostic set of tasks was proposed. The formation of pedagogical tolerance is possible on the basis of an integrative approach. It is noted that in the conditions of the organization of educational activities of students of pedagogical specialties of secondary vocational education, the formation of pedagogical tolerance of the individual is possible by means of art, through familiarization with the treasures of world culture.

scholarly journals PERSONALITY AND ITS FORMATION IN ONTOGENESIS AND PHYLOGENESIS

2018 ◽  
pp. 341-351
Author(s):  
Dmitriy E. Frolov ◽  
Alla N. Somkina
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Outer Space ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Labor Theory ◽  
Primitive Society ◽  
Extraterrestrial Origin ◽  
The Individual

Introduction. The article is devoted to the problem of the emergence and formation of personality in the process of ontogeny and phylogenies. Methods. This issue is still open. The answers to it fit within the framework of three main research paradigms: the evolutionary (labor) theory, the creationist (human created by God) and the theory of extraterrestrial origin of human (intelligent life is brought to our planet from outer space). Supporters of each approach advocate arguments in favor of their theories. Discussion and Results. The authors’ point of view is that a person is a system of spiritual, psychological and socio-spiritual properties of a person, which, genetically based on natural inclinations and properties, is individually formed and manifested in different types of activity and social relations. Ontologically the personality of the individual is formed in a modern society, approximately by 14 years. At the same time, he or she goes through the processes of socialization and acculturation. Phylogenetically, the personality arose in a primitive society. The distinctive features of the individual and the primitive and civilized societies are considered. It is stated that the alienation of the individual elements are preserved in modern society. Conclusion. Thus, summing up, we can state that the person first emerged in primitive society with the emergence and formation of social relations and ties, the primary carrier and agent of which was the personality of the primitive communal human.

Confucianism and Western International Law in 1900

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Carty ◽  
Jing Tan
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
The West ◽  
Late Imperial China ◽  
Late Imperial ◽  
Internal Relations ◽  
Imperial China ◽  
The Individual

In late imperial China, interpersonal relationships played a crucial role in Chinese officials’ reactions to international law in 1900. Shaped by Confucianism, interpersonal relationships significantly influenced Li Hongzhang in his internal relations with his rivals and his relations with foreign diplomats. They determined his strategy for dealing with the West more than the contents of any Confucian code. However, there was nothing mysterious about the Chinese system. The British ambassador, Ernest Satow was fully competent to penetrate Chinese bureaucracy and could work to uphold a British understanding of the balance of power, which included maintaining the unity of China. Satow formed partnerships with many other senior Chinese officials besides Li. So, neither the ideologies nor idea systems of Confucianism and Western international law as bodies of rules played a significant role. Everything depended upon the individual skills and sense of responsibility of particular persons such as Li and Satow.

Einstein

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Stachel
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Theoretical Physics ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
The Individual

This lecture discusses the nature of creativity; creativity is defined in terms of the interaction between the individual and the field of experts in a certain domain. This interaction eventually determines the form and content of the results that are admitted into the domain. The lecture considers the nature of his cognitive processes and presents evidence that supports the crucial role played by social relations in shaping the domain-specific cognitive apparatus. It also looks at the myth of Einstein as magus and some of the dynamical polarities in his personality that allowed him to contribute to changes in theoretical physics.

Interrelation of Architectural Concepts and Principles of Artificial Lighting in the Moscow Concert Hall Zaryadye

2019 ◽  
pp. 4-13
Author(s):  
Maria M. Ilyevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Concert Hall ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Building Type ◽  
Concert Halls ◽  
Architectural Language ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Architectural Planning ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Formal Features

The article is focused on the analysis of the Zaryadye Concert Hall building in Moscow in terms of the significance of artificial lighting for the creation of the imagery and perception of this facility within the typology of entertainment music-oriented buildings. Through the example of modern places of entertainment, the author reveals a number of formal features (typological attributes), which, being common to buildings of this function, constitute the basis of their image and become obvious due to the realized lighting concept. The interpretation of these attributes in the interaction of architectural planning and lighting concepts in the Zaryadye Concert Hall is traced. In conclusion, the distinctive features of the building under consideration are determined. At the same time, they reflect a new understanding of concert halls as a building type, the changes related to the overall development of architecture, as well as the elements of the individual architectural language.

The Dialogical concept of consciousness in L.S. Vygotsky and G.H. Mead and its relevance for contemporary discussions on consciousness

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leszek Koczanowicz
Keyword(s):  
Activity Theory ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Human Consciousness ◽  
Cultural Activity ◽  
Contemporary Philosophy ◽  
Biological Phenomena ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
The World

The Dialogical concept of consciousness in L.S. Vygotsky and G.H. Mead and its relevance for contemporary discussions on consciousness In my paper I show the relevance of cultural-activity theory for solving the puzzles of the concept of consciousness which encounter contemporary philosophy. I reconstruct the main categories of cultural-activity theory as developed by M.M. Bakhtin, L.S. Vygotsky, G.H. Mead, and J. Dewey. For the concept of consciousness the most important thing is that the phenomenon of human consciousness is consider to be an effect of intersection of language, social relations, and activity. Therefore consciousness cannot be reduced to merely sensual experience but it has to be treated as a complex process in which experience is converted into language expressions which in turn are used for establishing interpersonal relationships. Consciousness thus can be accounted for by its reference to objectivity of social relationships rather than to the world of physical or biological phenomena.

Monkey on My Back. An Autoethnographic Narrative of a Therapeutic Experience

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Wiesner
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
The Self ◽  
Symbolic Language ◽  
Discursive Practices ◽  
Therapeutic Experience ◽  
Postmodern Philosophy ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Global Uncertainty

With a conscious attempt to contribute to contemporary discussions in mad/trans/queer/monster studies, the monograph approaches complex postmodern theories and contextualizes them from an autoethnographic methodological perspective. As the self-explanatory subtitle reads, the book introduces several topics as revelatory fields for the author’s self-exploration at the moment of an intense epistemological and ontological crisis. Reflexively written, it does not solely focus on a personal experience, as it also aims at bridging the gap between the individual and the collective in times of global uncertainty. There are no solid outcomes defined; nevertheless, the narrative points to a certain—more fluid—way out. Through introducing alternative ways of hermeneutics and meaning-making, the book offers a synthesis of postmodern philosophy and therapy, evolutionary astrology as a symbolic language, embodied inquiry, and Buddhist thought that together represent a critical attempt to challenge the pathologizing discursive practices of modern disciplines during the neoliberal capitalist era.

Personification, Synaesthesia, and Social Cognition

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noam Sagiv ◽  
Monika Sobczak-Edmans ◽  
Adrian L. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Relationship

Defining synaesthesia has proven to be a challenging task as the number of synaesthesia variants and associated phenomena reported by synaesthetes has increased over the past decade or so. This chapter discusses the inclusion of non-sensory concurrents in the category of synaesthesia. For example, many grapheme-colour synaesthetes also attribute gender and personality to letters and numbers consistently and involuntarily. Here we assess the question of including synaesthetic personification as a type of synaesthesia. We also discuss the relationship between synaesthetic personification and other instances of personification and mentalizing. We hope to convince readers that whether or not they embrace atypical forms of personification as a synaesthesia variant, studying the phenomenon is a worthwhile effort that could yield novel insights into human cognition and brain function.

Linguistic fire and human cognitive powers

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Cowley
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Action Perception ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Word Forms ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Opening Up

To view language as a cultural tool challenges much of what claims to be linguistic science while opening up a new people-centred linguistics. On this view, how we speak, think and act depends on, not just brains (or minds), but also cultural traditions. Yet, Everett is conservative: like others trained in distributional analysis, he reifies ‘words’. Though rejecting inner languages and grammatical universals, he ascribes mental reality to a lexicon. Reliant as he is on transcriptions, he takes the cognitivist view that brains represent word-forms. By contrast, in radical embodied cognitive theory, bodily dynamics themselves act as cues to meaning. Linguistic exostructures resemble tools that constrain how people concert acting-perceiving bodies. The result is unending renewal of verbal structures: like artefacts and institutions, they function to sustain a species-specific cultural ecology. As Ross (2007) argues, ecological extensions make human cognition hypersocial. When we link verbal patterns with lived experience, we communicate and cognise by fitting action/perception to cultural practices that anchor human meaning making.

The semiotics of movement and mobility

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-118
Author(s):  
Theo van Leeuwen
Keyword(s):  
Product Design ◽  
Distinctive Feature ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Feature Analysis ◽  
Movement Direction ◽  
Dance Music ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Live Action ◽  
Film And Video

The paper presents a framework for the distinctive feature analysis of movement and mobility in texts, performances and semiotic artefacts, showing its applicability to the analysis of meaning-making in dance, music, animated and live action film and video, and product design. Emphasis is placed on the role of movement and mobility in identity design. Identity design is realized by the style in which movements are performed and can be analysed in terms of the gradable distinctive features present in any movement – direction, expansiveness, velocity, force, angularity, fluidity, directedness and regularity. The paper includes a historical dimension, focusing on the development of movement and mobility as semiotic resources, and argues for the pioneering role of modernist artists in this development.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document