scholarly journals The Field of Technology in Sweden: The Historical Take-Off of the Engineering Professions

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn Sjöstrand
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Engineering Profession ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Scientific Content ◽  
Research Knowledge ◽  
Specialized Knowledge ◽  
Social Closure

Although the engineering profession has been called “the failed profession” owing to its lack of social closure, engineers have been successful in claiming their area of expertise and specialized knowledge as legitimate areas of research, knowledge, and intervention. In this article, the historical development of engineering professions in Sweden is used as a case of professional development. With the use of primary statistical sources and secondary historical sources, I endeavor to explain engineers’ professional development via coinciding factors such as the expansion and scientific content of lower and higher engineering education, the struggle for power in interest groups and unions, and engineers’ position in what seems to be an ever-increasingly diversified labor market. I argue that the professionalization process for Swedish engineers has fluctuated and that more than one professional take-off (two or even three) has occurred.

scholarly journals Work-based Learning in Professional Education of Latvia: Historical Development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilze Briža ◽  
◽  
Anita Pipere
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Higher Professional Education

The Latvian labor market has been facing the problem of a quality labor force shortage for several years now. The acquisition of demanded specialties in Latvia is possible in the framework of professional education, which is offered at three levels – the level of primary education, professional secondary education, and professional higher education. Since 2015, work-based learning has been introduced in the professional education of Latvia, serving as a measure for the economic enhancement for the entry of quality labor force into the labor market. As a part of this initiative, educational institutions in cooperation with employers develop curricula that match the requirements of the labor market. This learning model is based on an example of a higher professional education model, where practical skills are acquired mostly during the students’ field practice. To conduct the empirical research on work-based learning in higher professional education, at first, it is necessary to look at the historical aspects of this learning model. The given article provides historical evidence, describing the historical development of work-based learning in professional education in Latvia. The beginnings of work-based learning in Latvia date back to the 14-15th century, but for the first time given form of education in its contemporary meaning has been introduced in Soviet times, as historical sources show the calls for get to know work experience as an integral part of communist work schools. After the regaining of independence, Latvia focuses on building the democratic education system, and since 2015 work-based learning is explicit in the Law on Professional Education as a specific form of education. Since its inception, work-based learning has reflected the public’s perceptions of the necessary specialties in the labor market.

scholarly journals Silent Non-Exit and Broken Voice. Early Postcommunist Social Policies as Protest-Preempting Strategies

Südosteuropa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-174
Author(s):  
Pieter Vanhuysse
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Action Theory ◽  
Political Sociology ◽  
New Democracies ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Distributive Conflict

Abstract This essay contributes to the development of an analytical political sociology examination of postcommunist policy pathways and applies such an analysis in a reinterpretation of the social policy pathways taken by Hungary and Poland. During the critical historical juncture of the early 1990s, governments in these new democracies used social policies to proactively create new labor market outsiders (rather than merely accommodate or deal with existing outsiders) in an effort to stifle disruptive repertoires of political voice. Microcollective action theory helps to elucidate how the break-up of hitherto relatively homogeneous clusters of threatened workers into newly competing interest groups shaped the nature of distributive conflict in the formative first decade of these new democracies. In this light, we see how the analytical political sociology of postcommunist social policy can advance and modify current, predominantly Western-oriented theories of insider/outsider conflict and welfare retrenchment policy, and can inform future debates about emerging social policy biases in Eastern Europe.

scholarly journals Understanding of Teachers and Healthcare Professionals about their Professional Development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oskars Kaulēns ◽  
◽  
Reinis Upenieks
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Informal Learning ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Professional Performance ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Impact

Changes in technology use and globalization are leading to significant changes in the structure of the labor market, emphasizing the need for labor market participants to learn continuously and acquire new knowledge and skills in order to adapt to a rapidly changing work environment. Economists point to the risks posed by technological development, such as the reduction of low-skilled jobs as a result of digitalization and automation processes. Although professionals working with people, such as healthcare professionals and teachers, are less exposed to the risk of automation, they are still increasingly unstable as technology and artificial intelligence compete with human experts. This means that medical and education staff will also need more targeted, regular and labor market-oriented professional development in order to remain competitive and demonstrate demand-driven performance. In line with changes in the quality standards of professional performance for healthcare professionals and teachers, changes are also taking place in how the professional development of these groups is implemented. In addition to formal development activities such as courses and seminars, the need to accept the impact of informal learning is emphasized, not only expanding the aims and content of professional development activities but also offering new learning formats. The aim of the qualitative research conducted by the authors is to study the understanding of teachers and healthcare professionals about their professional development by analyzing their answers regarding their professional development. The focus of the study has been chosen to test the assumption that healthcare professionals and teachers view their continuing education more in the context of formal training, with less emphasis on professional development through informal learning. Within the framework of the research, a survey of random respondents within the said target groups has been conducted and the answers of the respondents have been analyzed, with attention paid to the aspects of formal and informal learning. The article presents the results of the content analysis, highlighting the most important trends of study results and the problematic aspects related to the improvement of the quality of professional development.

Knowledge and Power: Rumphius’Ambonese HerbalandAmbonese Curiosity Cabinetas Colonial Contact Zones

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-470
Author(s):  
Esther Helena Arens ◽  
Charlotte Kießling
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Scientific Content ◽  
Contact Zones ◽  
Aesthetic Form ◽  
Colonial Contact

The early modern books on Ambonese natural history by G.E. Rumphius have mostly been analysed for their aesthetic form and scientific content. However, with the concept of contact zones as introduced by M.L. Pratt, these texts can also be read as historical sources about colonialism and slavery in the late seventeenth-century Moluccas. This article explores the traces of colonialism and slavery in Rumphius’Ambonese Herbal(1740ff.) and theAmbonese Curiosity Cabinet(1705).

Employer Decision Making

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-232
Author(s):  
Lauren A. Rivera
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Critical Importance ◽  
Social Closure ◽  
Personnel Decisions ◽  
Common Thread ◽  
Worker Skill ◽  
Competency Based ◽  
Workforce Productivity

The decisions employers make are of critical importance to sociological understandings of labor market stratification. While contemporary research documents employment outcomes with ever-growing precision, far less work examines how employers actually make decisions. In this article, I review research on the process of employer decision making, focusing on how employers evaluate, compare, and select workers in personnel decisions. I begin by summarizing the most prevalent theories of employer decision making in sociology, grouping them into competency-based, status-based, and social closure–based approaches. A common thread underlying much of this work is the assumption that employers are utility maximizers who base decisions on systematic, even if flawed, cognitive calculations of worker skill and workforce productivity. I then turn to recent research from sociology and beyond that challenges this notion and highlights the importance of understanding how employers themselves—their emotions, identities, and environments—affect decisions. I conclude by suggesting directions for future research.

scholarly journals ACMEOLOGICAL CONCEPT OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF INTEGRATION AND GLOBALIZATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPACE

World Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1(53)) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Zaiats Ruslana
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Vocational Education ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Education Development ◽  
Reference Models ◽  
Progressive Development

The preconditions for the acmeological concept of the development of vocational education in the conditions of integration and globalization of the European space are the most developed directions, which are connected with a special kind of progressive development of a mature personality - the personal and professional development of the future trade and restaurant professionals. In particular, the problem of finding and defining the laws, mechanisms, conditions and factors for the development of vocational training of students of vocational education institutions to the level of highly qualified and necessary specialist in the modern integrated labor market in the context of globalization is being updated in Europe. At the same time, there are reference models for the training of future specialists, which are a systematic factor of successful personal and professional development in the conditions of introduction of modern interactive and computer technologies.

scholarly journals The development of quality higher education abroad

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enikő Baróti ◽  
Attila Mészáros
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Professional Development ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Education Abroad ◽  
Career Support ◽  
Supportive Environment ◽  
Future Success ◽  
Excellent Teachers

As well as the success of businesses in the universities are increasingly aware that the key to the future success not only to search for the infrastructure, but also the employees' motivation and support of this, encouraging. It could be said that the teachers are the most important competencies of the quality of a university. Therefore we need to create a supportive environment in which prominent scientists, excellent teachers want to work.A number of questions arise. There is a need for trained workers in higher education? If so, how can this be done?Many experts it is still not clear whether the higher education to teach in a specific profession, which can be learned and that the quality does not depend directly proportional to the competence of the instructor. The technical higher education in addition to serious competition from the labor market, a well-paid job with engineering. If we observe that the labor market positions of the workers are increasingly choosing to where their professional development, career support better, it becomes clear that this direction is necessary to open the universities.In this article is an Anglo-Saxon and one German universities analyzing organizational units I want to introduce you to follow these principles in the development of the teachers deal. The results of the empirical research is a good example of the tasks may intend to renew higher education institutions rethink and expand.

scholarly journals Complexity of Acapulco Evolution as a Tourist Destination

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-27
Author(s):  
Roger Joseph Bergeret Muñoz ◽  
Alejandro Quintero León ◽  
Mónica Corazón Gordillo Escalante
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Private Initiative ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Complexity Theories

AbstractThe paper analyzes diachronically the evolution and complexity of tourist activity in Acapulco, which was a very significant part of the history of Mexico in the 20th century and even centuries before, it was configured as Mexican icon of tourism for the world. This study is supported by evolution and complexity theories. The research presented is qualitative, inductive, diachronic and hermeneutical; relies on heuristics, criticism and synthesis. Applied materials were documentary, bibliographic and historical sources and statistical records on tourist activity. It is concluded that Acapulco, throughout the evolution history, has been an important factor in the economic, social and historical development, related to tourism, arising as an enclave of freedom, fantasy, imagination and hedonism, located on a life cycle of replenishment or rejuvenation in a sub-stage of stagnation although that is not what strategists, society and private initiative want, due changes in market behavior, complex actions are demarcated, they are not sustainable but still are being applied.

Marketing and Rural Entrepreneurship in Amealco, actions to improve the situation of artisans

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 537-550
Author(s):  
Jorge Arturo Velázquez Hernández ◽  
Rosalía Alonso Chombo ◽  
Jorge Adán Romero Zepeda
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Business Sector ◽  
Rural Entrepreneurship

Currently, marketing is a tool that helps entrepreneurs to promote their products and improve the situation they have in the business sector based on the various tools that exist to optimize their image and sales. This research aims to elucidate the importance of marketing in the professional development of artisans in the municipality of Amealco. It seeks to recognize that micro and small businesses dedicated to the sale of handicrafts need to make adequate and efficient use of the various marketing tools that exist to improve their current situation. The results obtained in the field work allowed us to observe that the architects have basic knowledge on this subject, but require help to improve and achieve that their image, positioning and sales gradually increase to such a degree that they can consolidate in the labor market. Finally,

Success is to invest in professional development

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
Tarcísio Borba Valgas ◽  
Magda de Paula
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Career Paths ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Training Development

Currently the labor market is lacking in companies that have well-defined career paths to attract and retain its professionals. This article aims to present the benefits generated by the investment in professional development, both for company and for its employees. The successful example here presented as good practice is the program adopted by the company Sotreq S / A, called TDR - Training, Development and Recognition.

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