scholarly journals Improving scheduling performance in congested networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e754
Author(s):  
Arif Husen ◽  
Muhammad Hasanain Chaudary ◽  
Farooq Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Imtiaz Alam ◽  
Abid Sohail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Packet Scheduling ◽  
Network Capacity ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Erlang Distribution ◽  
High Data ◽  
Network Utilization ◽  
Congested Networks ◽  
The Cost

With continuously rising trends in applications of information and communication technologies in diverse sectors of life, the networks are challenged to meet the stringent performance requirements. Increasing the bandwidth is one of the most common solutions to ensure that suitable resources are available to meet performance objectives such as sustained high data rates, minimal delays, and restricted delay variations. Guaranteed throughput, minimal latency, and the lowest probability of loss of the packets can ensure the quality of services over the networks. However, the traffic volumes that networks need to handle are not fixed and it changes with time, origin, and other factors. The traffic distributions generally follow some peak intervals and most of the time traffic remains on moderate levels. The network capacity determined by peak interval demands often requires higher capacities in comparison to the capacities required during the moderate intervals. Such an approach increases the cost of the network infrastructure and results in underutilized networks in moderate intervals. Suitable methods that can increase the network utilization in peak and moderate intervals can help the operators to contain the cost of network intrastate. This article proposes a novel technique to improve the network utilization and quality of services over networks by exploiting the packet scheduling-based erlang distribution of different serving areas. The experimental results show that significant improvement can be achieved in congested networks during the peak intervals with the proposed approach both in terms of utilization and quality of service in comparison to the traditional approaches of packet scheduling in the networks. Extensive experiments have been conducted to study the effects of the erlang-based packet scheduling in terms of packet-loss, end-to-end latency, delay variance and network utilization.

Machine learning techniques based on security management in smart cities using robots

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Zhang Mengqi ◽  
Wang Xi ◽  
V.E. Sathishkumar ◽  
V. Sivakumar
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Security Management ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Learning Concept

BACKGROUND: Nowadays, the growth of smart cities is enhanced gradually, which collects a lot of information and communication technologies that are used to maximize the quality of services. Even though the intelligent city concept provides a lot of valuable services, security management is still one of the major issues due to shared threats and activities. For overcoming the above problems, smart cities’ security factors should be analyzed continuously to eliminate the unwanted activities that used to enhance the quality of the services. OBJECTIVES: To address the discussed problem, active machine learning techniques are used to predict the quality of services in the smart city manages security-related issues. In this work, a deep reinforcement learning concept is used to learn the features of smart cities; the learning concept understands the entire activities of the smart city. During this energetic city, information is gathered with the help of security robots called cobalt robots. The smart cities related to new incoming features are examined through the use of a modular neural network. RESULTS: The system successfully predicts the unwanted activity in intelligent cities by dividing the collected data into a smaller subset, which reduces the complexity and improves the overall security management process. The efficiency of the system is evaluated using experimental analysis. CONCLUSION: This exploratory study is conducted on the 200 obstacles are placed in the smart city, and the introduced DRL with MDNN approach attains maximum results on security maintains.

scholarly journals Conditions for the functioning of regulated competition on the public urban transport market in Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 119-127
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Krawczyk
Keyword(s):  
Large Volume ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Natural Monopoly ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
The Public ◽  
Transport Organization ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Regulated Competition

The public urban transport market takes the form of a natural monopoly. In some cases, especially in the situation of supply of a relatively large volume of operation work, the implementation of competitive solutions may result in: improving the quality of services or reducing the cost of vehicle-kilometers. The purpose of the article is to present the determinants of functioning of regulated competition on the public urban transport market in Poland. The conducted analysis focuses on the issue of market openness and access to participation in competitive procedures of private operators. The research covered urban transport markets in cities over 200.000 inhabitants and their characteristics in the scope of: the model of public transport organization (with particular emphasis on the level of opening of markets), the level of competition on the operator market and the method of selecting operators. On the basis of the conducted research, the scope of applying pro-competitive solutions in the scope of contracting services by the largest organizers of public urban transport in Poland was characterized.

scholarly journals PEMETAAN QOS DENGAN METODE INTRINSIK BERBASIS STANDAR HATTINGH PADA JARINGAN WERELLESS UGM-HOSTPOT PPTIK UGM

Respati ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Agung Nugroho ◽  
Emma Utami ◽  
Sudarmawan Sudarmawan
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Network ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Limited Capacity ◽  
Quality Service ◽  
Data Traffic ◽  
Monitoring Method ◽  
Network Quality ◽  
End To End ◽  
The Cost

The high usage of wireless network will affect the level of data traffic. if there are multiple users to request a connection with the limited capacity of the connection between the user simultaneously then it will wait for their turn in the connect. The simple solution for institutions by adding capacity or bandwidth. But by adding bandwidth, the cost is also quite large. End-to-end monitoring method allows a provider to determine the quality of service QoS using actual data from the availability of services. This information in turn can be useful to know the characteristics of the use of the service, so that the results of monitoring in the form of hotspot service profile may be a reference to determine the user's perception. The final results of this research is profile of network quality service of UGM-Hotspot on PPTIK UGM. It could be a reference to improve QoS, and reference for making policy-based network management. Keyword : QoS, hattingh standard, end-to-end monitoring, wireless network, quality of services

scholarly journals Einkarekstur eða ríkisrekstur í heilsugæslu: Samanburður á kostnaði og ánægju með þjónustu

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-84
Author(s):  
Héðinn Sigurðsson ◽  
Sunna Gestsdóttir ◽  
Sigríður Halldórsdóttir ◽  
Kristjan G. Guðmundsson
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Consumer Satisfaction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Community Services ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Private Health Care ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Health Care Centers

The organization of health care is one of the most complex present day challenges. Like other countries that run socialized health care systems, Icelanders face the question of the role of private enterprise in health care. The objective of this study was two-fold: to compare the cost of 17 private and state-run health care centers in the metropolitan area, and to compare consumer satisfaction related to these. At the beginning of Icelandic settlement, there were statutory laws decreeing that community services should be provided for those in need. By the Health Care Act in 1973, the Icelandic health care system fell under the Nordic welfare society with equal access and a tight safety net. The results show that the private health care centers had a low cost per work unit, but not the lowest. Four to seven state run health care centers had less expenditure per patient than the private centers. The cost of each doctor’s position was highest in one of the private clinics. Patient satisfaction surveys showed that there is no difference in the quality of services between these two different operating modes. A conclusion can be drawn from this study that it is not clear whether private health care improves the use of public funds or increases the quality of services.

scholarly journals Identifying elephant flows using dynamic thresholds in programmable IXP networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Vinicius Brito da Silva ◽  
Jonatas Adilson Marques ◽  
Luciano Paschoal Gaspary ◽  
Lisandro Zambenedetti Granville
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Network Behavior ◽  
Dynamic Adjustment ◽  
Identification Process ◽  
Network Utilization ◽  
Data Plane

AbstractInternet eXchange Points (IXPs) are Internet infrastructures composed of high-performance networks that allow multiple autonomous systems to exchange traffic. Given the challenges of managing the flows that cross an IXP, identifying elephant flows may help improve the quality of services provided to its participants. In this context, we leverage the new flexibility and resources of programmable data planes to identify elephant flows in IXP networks adaptively via the dynamic adjustment of thresholds. Our mechanism uses the information reported by the data plane to monitor network utilization in the control plane, calculating new thresholds based on previous flow sizes and durations percentiles and configuring them back into switches to support the local classification of flows. Thus, the thresholds are updated to make the identification process better aligned with the network behavior. The experimental results show that it is possible to identify and react to elephant flows quickly, less than 0.4ms, and efficiently, with only 98.4KB of data inserted into the network by the mechanism. In addition, the threshold updating mechanism achieved accuracy of up to 90% in our evaluation scenarios.

scholarly journals Analysis of Intermodal Terminals Service Quality in the Republic of Croatia

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borna Abramović ◽  
Ivica Lovrić ◽  
Vlatka Stupalo
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Waiting Times ◽  
Price Increase ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Of Transportation

The most common problem that the terminals face is inadequate infrastructure, long waiting times, delays, malfunctions, and unexpected problems due to which terminals are often congested for a long time, high costs, lack of expansion, etc. All this leads to reduced quality of services and the price increase for the user service. These problems do not occur only at the terminal of one type, but at all terminals. At present, the delays and uneconomical operations are unacceptable. Intermodal terminals are not immune to any of the above. In order to increase the service quality and to reduce the cost of transportation and transmission, all the bottlenecks in the process are detected and analyzed in the work. The identification and removal of the bottlenecks in the processes of transport and transfer from the initial to the final terminal increases the quality of services provided to customers. The quality of services includes shorter time of transport and transfer by using shorter routes as well as the acceptable price of the service itself.

A Framework to Evaluate the Informatization Level

2001 ◽  
pp. 144-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo Kyoung Lim
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Background Information ◽  
High Data ◽  
Strategic Goals ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Goals And Objectives

As information and communication technologies have rapidly developed in the 1990s, enormous changes have taken place everywhere. At work environment, these have been newer tools for increasing organizational productivity, and these are transforming organizations to the degree that Taylorism once did (Davenport, 1998). These trends have spread over various fields of society, and have over countries caused economical and cultural innovation and reformation. These phenomena can be summarized as informatization. Informatization is defined as “converting the main goods and energy of a social economy to information through the revolution of high data communication technology and utilizing information produced by gathering, processing and distributing data within the vast fields of the society” (National Computerization Agency [NCA], 1997). Since The United States’ NII project has been evaluated as one of the important success factors for economical growth, most countries have considered informatization as one of the most effective means for improving a nation’s competitiveness. Similarly, many organizations have considered informatization as a strategy to improve quality of public service and productivity. They have tried to implement informatization and extensive investments are often budgeted and expanded to acquire information technology (IT). An Information Strategy Plan (ISP) is needed at first to implement informatization of an organization. ISP usually includes business strategy, information technology strategy, project priorities, and an organization’s structure strategy. Thus, when an ISP is set up, it describes whether the business or organization’s strategic goals and objectives can be achieved through IT, in which field further IT investment will be needed, and whether efficient investment in IT will be made. In order to discuss these topics, the current organization’s informatization level first must be known. Moreover, since the middle of 1990, many countries have put emphasis on performance based management, in which the government has to set up investment plans according to its performance. For example, to budget IT, it is required to first evaluate its performance and results. In this respect, evaluation of an organization’s informatization level in order to review how much organization informatization it achieves is an important managerial concern. However, this is not a simple problem because informatization includes many intangible factors such as the quality of information and an organization’s culture. In this chapter, framework and metrics are introduced to evaluate the organization’s informatization level. This framework is designed to provide reasonable information by gathering and analyzing various IT metrics for determining whether organizations have made efficient and effective use of IT and have achieved the organizational strategic goals and objectives through IT. Therefore, the evaluation results can be used to improve the organization’s informatization level. The remainder of this paper is organized as follows: in the following section, some case studies and background information are presented. The next section introduces a framework, and then future trends are discussed in the next section. Finally, the summary and conclusion are presented.

scholarly journals Value based healthcare – principles and recommendations for organizational solutions in Poland

2020 ◽  
pp. 707-715
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare System ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
System Solution ◽  
Financing Model ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Healthcare Expenses

OBJECTIVE. The aim of this paper is is to present the assumptions of the Value Based Healthcare concept, the related benefits and examples of countries in which the concept is implemented. The article also proposes solutions based on the VBHC model that could be implemented in the Polish healthcare system. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A literature search was conducted using the PubMed via Ovid database using the following keywords: Gray literature items were also analyzed using the Google Scholar tool and other documents, eg of the European Commission. Then the work was divided into the following thematic areas: definitions and principles of VBHC, benefits and challenges related to the implementation of the model, VBHC in Europe, recommendations for solutions in Poland based on VBHC. Value Based Healthcare (VBHC) is a healthcare financing model developed by M. Porter and E. Teisberg. It is based on the assumptions of financing healthcare providers based on treatment outcomes, that is, values. This concept was created in connection with the constantly growing costs in the American healthcare system, which, however, did not translate into health indicators in the population. The aim of VBHC is to minimize the cost of the system while achieving the best result for the patient. In this model of healthcare organization, it is assumed that those healthcare providers who provide the best quality care should be best financed, thus contributing to cure or significantly improving the quality of life of patients. CONCLUSIONS. Value Based Healthcare is the recommended method of financing due to the optimization of healthcare expenses while maintaining the appropriate quality of services provided to patients. Currently, many countries in Europe and around the world have started implementing this system solution. However, the transition from a service charge to value for money model is a complex process. In the authors’ opinion, the longterm benefits of such a financing model bring a significant improvement in the quality of services and patient satisfaction.

scholarly journals The Applicability of Responsibility Accounting System within the Scope of Increasing Efficiency in Hospital Bussinesses in Turkey

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fehmi Karasioğlu ◽  
İbrahim Emre Göktürk
Keyword(s):  
Cost Control ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Minimum Level ◽  
Professional Management ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Responsibility Accounting

In order to reduce the waste of resources of health to minimum level, The most important sub-system of the system must take the necessary precautions in hospitals. Improving the quality of services provided in hospitals, ensuring cost control in hospitals, increasing competition, promotion of private initiatives are important elements which help these bussinesses to increase their effectiveness. Because of human health is a matter of priority in health services, the businesses which offer this services should think the economic priorities for second plan. This is a policy based on hospital establishments with income instead of providing added value to the costs without compromising on quality to ensure a minimum to decrease the cost, with the creation of the control system will be possible.The complex and the complex structure of hospitals also complicates the management of these enterprises.With the centrifugal organization structure and the sparation of management in the responsibility fields, management of this complex structure can be provided more efficiently.The most important problems in Turkey, in hospitals, professional management and cost control as a responsibility accounting system is a system that will produce a solution to the problem proposed.

scholarly journals Capacity Decisions for an Emergency Service

1978 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-123
Author(s):  
James W. Dunn ◽  
Gerald A. Doeksen
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Emergency Service ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Capacity Decisions ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The Cost

Decision makers face two opposing forces in the provision of emergency services. Their constituency wants more and better services, but financial considerations limit the quantity and quality of services provided. This classic economic confrontation requires a decision based on the trade-offs between the benefits of protection provided by additional services and the cost of providing these services. Such a decision is needed for ambulance service, fire protection, and law enforcement.

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