scholarly journals Seasonal diversity of Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) is more complex than thought: evidence from a tropical dry forest of Mexico

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7866 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Guadalupe Martínez-Hernández ◽  
Angélica María Corona-López ◽  
Alejandro Flores-Palacios ◽  
Matthias Rös ◽  
Víctor Hugo Toledo-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Insect Communities ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Lack Of Information

Global climate change is expected to affect temperature and precipitation patterns worldwide, which in turn is likely to affect insect phenology, distribution and diversity. To improve our understanding of such processes, it is important to understand how insects may respond to changes in seasonality, and how these affect their activity, patterns of distribution and species richness. The tropical dry forest (TDF) is a highly seasonal ecosystem, for which two seasons are commonly described (rainy and dry) and there is a lack of information on the combined effect of both precipitation and temperature on the insect communities. In order to evaluate the seasonal patterns in the community of Cerambycidae in a TDF, historical climatic variables were obtained, and an annual sampling of the family was carried out, using three collection techniques. We found that the Cerambycidae family showed a more complex response to climate, than simply the rainy and dry season of the year. The relationship between diversity and composition of cerambycids with changes in temperature and precipitation showed four seasonal communities which were synchronized with phenological processes of the TDF. Climate change could reduce biodiversity, causing seasonal patterns to lose complexity, either because the climatic characteristics of a season disappear and/or because the duration of a season expands, these changes will modify the ecological processes of the TDF, since they would generate changes in the flora and fauna associated with the different seasons.

scholarly journals Generación de modelos de distribución de ecosistemas vulnerables al cambio climático [Generation of distribution models of vulnerable ecosystems towards climate change]

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Posada ◽  
Héctor Mauricio Ramírez Díaz ◽  
Paola Isaacs Cubides ◽  
Martha Paola Barajas Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Distribution Models ◽  
Presence Data ◽  
Elevation Data ◽  
Para Determinar ◽  
La Red

Resumen Se presenta un avance de los resultados del proyecto “Uso de sensores remotos y tecnologías asociadas para estudio de ecosistemas forestales ante el cambio climático global”, realizadas en el marco de la red temática FORCLIM patrocinado por el Programa Iberoamericano de Ciencia y Tecnología para el Desarrollo (Cyted). De dicha red temática hace parte el grupo de Percepción Remota y Aplicaciones Geográficas del Instituto Geográfico Agustín Codazzi, Oficina CIAF. En este contexto, como modelo metodológico se están trabajando datos de presencias del ecosistema páramo y bosque seco tropical, obtenidos de polígonos de cobertura de los ecosistemas continentales costeros y marinos del IDEAM –IGAC et al (2007). Se emplean datos de temperatura, precipitación y alturas descargados del proyecto WorldClim, los cuales se han procesado con ArcGIS y DIVA-GIS, para ser modelados junto con los datos de presencia en el programa MaxEnt. El resultado del modelo expresa el valor de idoneidad como una función de las variables ambientales. Para el trabajo se ha empleado un escenario futuro de incremento en la temperatura de tres y cinco grados Celsius, para determinar el comportamiento de dichas coberturas ante el calentamiento global. Se obtuvieron mapas de idoneidad actuales y futuros presentando una elevada tendencia a la disminución del páramo y aumento de los bosques secos, siendo la altura la variable que más contribuye para el páramo y la precipitación para bosque seco. Se presenta un proceso metodológico el cual sirve como insumo para modelar distribución de especies, en este caso incluyendo algunas variables empleadas para estudiar cambio climático y su integración con los datos obtenidos de sensores remotos. Palabras ClaveCambio climático, Distribución de especies, Red temática FORCLIM, Sensores remotos.   Abstract We present progress in the results of the research “Remote sensing use and associated technologies for ecosystem spatial changes evaluation concerning global climate change, in the frame of the thematic net FORCLIM, sponsored for the Programa Iberoamericano de Ciencia y Tecnología para el Desarrollo (Cyted). The Remote Sensing and Geographic Applications Group of the Instituto Geográfico Agustín Codazzi–CIAF is member of the net. In this sense, as a method we are using paramo and tropical dry forest ecosystem presence data obtained from the geodatabase of the continental and marine ecosystems of IDEAM-IGAC et al (2007). We are using temperature, precipitation and elevation data from WorldClim Project, which were processed with DIVA-GIS software in order to be modeled among the presence data with MaxEnt program. The model result shows the suitable value as a function of the environmental variables. For this work we used two future scenarios, the first with 3°C and the second with 5°C increment. The suitable paramo current models and paramo future models showed a considerable decreasing, for the tropical dry forest the distribution raised. We present a methodology process, which is helpful as an species distribution modeling input; according to the climatic variables, and data recovered from remote sensing techniques (presence data).Keywords Climate change, Remote sensing, Species distributions, Thematic net FORCLIM.

scholarly journals Response of altitudinal vegetation belts of the Tianshan Mountains in northwestern China to climate change during 1989–2015

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Lu-yu Liu ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Man Zhang ◽  
Cheng-bang An
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Tianshan Mountains ◽  
Northwestern China ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Altitudinal Belts ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWithin the mountain altitudinal vegetation belts, the shift of forest tree lines and subalpine steppe belts to high altitudes constitutes an obvious response to global climate change. However, whether or not similar changes occur in steppe belts (low altitude) and nival belts in different areas within mountain systems remain undetermined. It is also unknown if these, responses to climate change are consistent. Here, using Landsat remote sensing images from 1989 to 2015, we obtained the spatial distribution of altitudinal vegetation belts in different periods of the Tianshan Mountains in Northwestern China. We suggest that the responses from different altitudinal vegetation belts to global climate change are different. The changes in the vegetation belts at low altitudes are spatially different. In high-altitude regions (higher than the forest belts), however, the trend of different altitudinal belts is consistent. Specifically, we focused on analyses of the impact of changes in temperature and precipitation on the nival belts, desert steppe belts, and montane steppe belts. The results demonstrated that the temperature in the study area exhibited an increasing trend, and is the main factor of altitudinal vegetation belts change in the Tianshan Mountains. In the context of a significant increase in temperature, the upper limit of the montane steppe in the eastern and central parts will shift to lower altitudes, which may limit the development of local animal husbandry. The montane steppe in the west, however, exhibits the opposite trend, which may augment the carrying capacity of pastures and promote the development of local animal husbandry. The lower limit of the nival belt will further increase in all studied areas, which may lead to an increase in surface runoff in the central and western regions.

Marine Parasites and Disease in the Era of Global Climate Change

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 397-420
Author(s):  
James E. Byers
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Ecological Communities ◽  
Vital Rates ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Performance Curves ◽  
Temperature Climate ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Host Parasite

Climate change affects ecological processes and interactions, including parasitism. Because parasites are natural components of ecological systems, as well as agents of outbreak and disease-induced mortality, it is important to summarize current knowledge of the sensitivity of parasites to climate and identify how to better predict their responses to it. This need is particularly great in marine systems, where the responses of parasites to climate variables are less well studied than those in other biomes. As examples of climate's influence on parasitism increase, they enable generalizations of expected responses as well as insight into useful study approaches, such as thermal performance curves that compare the vital rates of hosts and parasites when exposed to several temperatures across a gradient. For parasites not killed by rising temperatures, some simple physiological rules, including the tendency of temperature to increase the metabolism of ectotherms and increase oxygen stress on hosts, suggest that parasites’ intensity and pathologies might increase. In addition to temperature, climate-induced changes in dissolved oxygen, ocean acidity, salinity, and host and parasite distributions also affect parasitism and disease, but these factors are much less studied. Finally, because parasites are constituents of ecological communities, we must consider indirect and secondary effects stemming from climate-induced changes in host–parasite interactions, which may not be evident if these interactions are studied in isolation.

scholarly journals Uncertain Seasons in the El Niño Continent: Local and Global Views

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-19
Author(s):  
Libby Robin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
The State ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Local Weather

As global climate change shifts seasonal patterns, local and uncertain seasons of Australia have global relevance. Australia’s literature tracks extreme local weather events, exploring ‘slow catastrophes’ and ‘endurance.’ Humanists can change public policy in times when stress is a state of life, by reflecting on the psyches of individuals, rather than the patterns of the state. ‘Probable’ futures, generated by mathematical models that predict nature and economics, have little to say about living with extreme weather. Hope is not easily modelled. The frameworks that enable hopeful futures are qualitatively different. They can explore the unimaginable by offering an ‘interior apprehension.’

scholarly journals Closely-related tree species with overlapping ranges exhibit divergent adaptation to climate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W Whale ◽  
Collin W Ahrens ◽  
David T Tissue ◽  
Paul D Rymer
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Climate Scenario ◽  
Genomic Variation ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Local Environments ◽  
Precipitation Regimes ◽  
Restoration Strategies

With global climate change shifting and altering temperature and precipitation regimes, the ability of natural forest stands to persist in their local environments are being challenged. For many taxa, particularly among long lived tree species, the potential to respond is underpinned by genetic and trait diversity and may be limited. We sampled 326 and 366 individuals of two widely distributed and closely-related red gum Eucalyptus species (E. blakelyi and E. tereticornis) from across their entire Australian range. We identified putatively adaptive variants associated within genes of key biological processes for both species. We mapped the change of allele frequencies of two hierarchical gene ontology groups shared by both species across geography and climate and predict genomically vulnerable regions under a projected 2070 climate scenario. Regions of potential vulnerability to decline under future climate differed between species and may be applied to guide conservation and restoration strategies. Our study indicated that some populations may contain the adaptive genomic variation necessary for these species to persist through climate change, while others may benefit from the adaptive variation of those populations to enhance resilience.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF THE REGIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE ON RUNOFF FROM THE LAKE ONEGO WATERSHED

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
L. E. Nazarova
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Regional Climate Change ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation

As a result of the statistical analysis of the meteorological and water balance data for Onego Lake watershed over the period 1950-2000, noticeable changes were detected. It was found that time series of annual air temperature, precipitation and evapotranspiration over 50-year period contains positive linear trends, but no change in total streamflow to the lake has so far followed. Potential changes in the regional climate and hydrological regime for the period 2000-2050 were estimated using the results of numerical modeling with the ECHAM4/OPYC3 model for two scenarios of the global climate change. The estimation of these data shows that a general tendency to increase of annual air temperature and precipitation will remain in the new climate Mean annual precipitation will increase about 30-50 mm, mean average annual air temperature for the next 50-years period will rise from 1.6 up to 2.7-3.0 °C. Our estimation shows that for both scenarios all water balance parameters, excluding river runoff, will increase.

scholarly journals Tropical Dry Forest resilience and Water Use Efficiency: an analysis of productivity under climate change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayla D. Stan ◽  
Arturo Sanchez-Azofeifa ◽  
Sandra M. Duran ◽  
Jose Antonio Guzmán Quesada ◽  
Michael Hesketh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Forest Resilience ◽  
Use Efficiency

scholarly journals Variations of Mass Balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet from 2002 to 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 2609
Author(s):  
Yaqiong Mu ◽  
Yanqiang Wei ◽  
Jinkui Wu ◽  
Yongjian Ding ◽  
Donghui Shangguan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Greenland Ice Sheet ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Ice Caps ◽  
Ice Cap ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation

The melting of the polar ice caps is considered to be an essential factor for global sea-level rise and has received significant attention. Quantitative research on ice cap mass changes is critical in global climate change. In this study, GRACE JPL RL06 data under the Mascon scheme based on the dynamic method were used. Greenland, which is highly sensitive to climate change, was selected as the study area. Greenland was divided into six sub-research regions, according to its watersheds. The spatial–temporal mass changes were compared to corresponding temperature and precipitation statistics to analyze the relationship between changes in ice sheet mass and climate change. The results show that: (i) From February 2002 to September 2019, the rate of change in the Greenland Ice Sheet mass was about −263 ± 13 Gt yr−1 and the areas with the most substantial ice sheet loss and climate changes were concentrated in the western and southern parts of Greenland. (ii) The mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet during the study period was at a loss, and this was closely related to increasing trends in temperature and precipitation. (iii) In the coastal areas of western and southern Greenland, the rate of mass change has accelerated significantly, mainly because of climate change.

scholarly journals On the issue of fluctuations in the extreme maximum runoff under the conditions of the expected climate change in the Marmarik river basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 03010
Author(s):  
Varduhi Margaryan ◽  
Elena Fedotova
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Absolute Maximum ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Runoff Rate ◽  
Maximum Runoff

The paper analyzes the peculiarities of formation of the absolute maximum runoff of the Marmarik river evaluates the patterns of multi-year fluctuations of maximum runoff rates in different river sites and gives a forecast of the maximum runoff in the context of global climate change. Absolute values of the maximum river runoff for different scenarios of climate change are estimated. The actual observational data of Armhydromet for maximum runoff rate, the air temperature and precipitation were used as the source material. As a result of the study, it turned out that there is only a tendency to decrease in the values of maximum runoff. It turned out that for all scenarios and cases in the Marmarik river basin, a different degree of changes in the maximum flow is observed. Moreover, the largest decrease in the maximum runoff of the Marmarik river basin is expected under the conditions of an increase in the average air temperature of the spring season by 2,7—3,9 degrees Celsius and a decrease in the amount of spring atmospheric precipitation by 2,4—2,6 %.

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