A COOPERATIVE APPROACH FOR MEASURING DIRECT-USE DAMAGES: THE 1992 AVILA BEACH (CALIFORNIA) OIL SPILL

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 (1) ◽  
pp. 327-331
Author(s):  
Richard W. Dunford ◽  
Kristy E. Mathews ◽  
H. Spencer Banzhaf
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
The State ◽  
Damage Estimation ◽  
Cooperative Approach ◽  
Shared Data ◽  
Reduced Costs ◽  
Oil Company ◽  
Direct Use

ABSTRACT A cooperative approach was used to estimate natural resource damages from the Avila Beach, California, spill. The approach was cooperative because we, on behalf of Union Oil Company of California (UNOCAL), and the economist working for the State of California shared data collection and damage estimation responsibilities. Cooperative assessments have several advantages, including reduced costs and less duplication. Because this case was not settled when this paper was submitted, we provide no damage estimates.

COLLABORATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR A COOPERATIVE NRDA

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 (1) ◽  
pp. 1141-1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marty Cramer ◽  
Roger Helm ◽  
Mike Ammann ◽  
Charlie Hebert ◽  
Dan Doty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Regulatory Guidance ◽  
Cooperative Process ◽  
Time Critical ◽  
Oil Company

ABSTRACT Collaboration is defined in some dictionaries as “working with the enemy” which can be the position both the responsible parties (RPs) and natural resource trustees (trustees) take when conducting “cooperative” natural resource damage assessments (NRDAs). In many incidents, collaboration on the collection of time-critical or ephemeral environmental data is delayed or the opportunity is lost while the RP and trustees negotiate the details of the scope and procedures of the data collection activities as well as future analyses/interpretation of the data collected. Consequently, in the absence of pre-spill planning as well as the commitment to basic tenets of cooperative work, the ephemeral data critical to determining the environmental effects of the oil and, subsequently, to conducting a successful damage assessment, can be lost. In order to support successful outcomes of cooperative NRDAs, the West Coast Joint Assessment Team (JAT) developed a document titled Recommendations for Conducting Cooperative Natural Resource Damage Assessments. The intent of the JAT document is to promote cooperative NRDAs and facilitate the development of an ephemeral data collection (EDC) plan to ensure the opportunity for collecting time-critical information is not lost. Specifically, the document outlines the cooperative assessment process including regulatory guidance and considerations for conducting a cooperative assessment. It also includes recommendations for organizing an EDC team, collection of source oil, water, sediment, and biota samples, analysis of those samples, and establishing data quality objectives. Additionally, an example of a trustee funding commitment letter is provided to expedite the initiation of the cooperative process and avoid prolonged legal negotiations. The JAT is an ad-hoc volunteer group of west coast-based oil company, federal and state trustee, and NGO representatives that was formed to share information and experiences related to NRDA and to discuss how best to improve the process for cooperative assessments. After several years of meetings, discussions, and presentations, the JAT put pen to paper and developed, in a collaborative and consensus based effort, recommendations for use by its members and others to facilitate cooperative NRDAs. This paper describes pertinent features of the JAT cooperative assessment recommendations document, the document development process as well as a brief background of the JAT.

CALIFORNIA OFFICE OF OIL SPILL PREVENTION AND RESPONSE

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 (1) ◽  
pp. 948-949
Author(s):  
Mark B. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Damage Assessment ◽  
The State ◽  
State Agency ◽  
Natural Resource Damage Assessment ◽  
Assessment Activities

ABSTRACT The Office of Oil Spill Prevention and Response (OSPR), the Department of Fish and Game, is the lead state agency charged with oil spill prevention and response in the marine environment of the state of California. The OSPR was established pursuant to the California Oil Spill Prevention and Response Act of 1990. The legislation provides the OSPR Administrator with substantial authority to direct spill response, cleanup, and natural resource damage assessment activities.

Natural Resource Damage Assessment of the Shell Oil Spill at Martinez, California

1991 ◽  
Vol 1991 (1) ◽  
pp. 371-376
Author(s):  
Marion Fischel ◽  
Gordon A. Robilliard
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Damage Assessment ◽  
Aquatic Toxicity ◽  
The State ◽  
San Joaquin Valley ◽  
Marsh Vegetation ◽  
California Department

ABSTRACT On April 23, 1988 about 400,000 gallons (9,500 barrels) of San Joaquin Valley crude oil were accidentally released from the Shell Oil Company Martinez Manufacturing Complex. The oil flowed into Peyton Slough, Suisun Bay, and Carquinez Strait of the San Francisco Bay system. Approximately one week after the oil spill, discussions on assessing the injury to natural resources were initiated between Shell and the federal and state agencies that were trustees of the affected resources. At this time, the trustees and Shell agreed that a single cooperative study should be conducted, managed by a contractor acceptable to all concerned parties. The lead trustee was the California Department of Fish and Game. However, within one month after the spill, the Attorney General's office of the State of California assumed responsibility for the damage assessment. Subsequently, legal considerations and constraints imposed by the state Attorney General's office prevented active participation in the study by the agencies. The work agreed upon included video and aerial photographic surveys, and mapping of the areas affected by the spill; a study of fish and macroinvertebrate abundance and distribution; hydrocarbon analyses of fish and clam tissue; a comparison of the effects of oil on marsh vegetation; a survey of the distribution and abundance of the benthos; an ambient aquatic toxicity study; a survey of endangered species (birds and mammals); chemical analyses of the sediment and water; chemical and physical characterizations of San Joaquin Valley crude oil; and a study of the weathering of the oil. A preliminary study to estimate natural resource damages (economic analysis) also was conducted.

NORTH CAPE OIL SPILL NRDA PROCESS UNDER OPA 1990

1997 ◽  
Vol 1997 (1) ◽  
pp. 851-854
Author(s):  
Frank Csulak ◽  
Douglas Helton ◽  
Carol-Ann Manen ◽  
Norman Meade ◽  
Marguerite Matera
Keyword(s):  
Rhode Island ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Damage Assessment ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Cooperative Approach ◽  
The North ◽  
Natural Resource Damage Assessment

ABSTRACT On January 19, 1996, the tank borge North Cape and the tug Scandia grounded on Moonstone Beach in southern Rhode Island, spilling 828,000 gallons of no. 2 heating oil into Block Island Sound. Just 2 weeks prior to the grounding, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) had published the final natural resource damage assessment (NRDA) rule for the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (OPA). The North Cape oil spill became the first opportunity to implement the new NRDA rules. One of the key provisions of the NRDA rule is the requirement that trustees must invite the responsible parties (RP) to participate in a cooperative assessment of damages. If the trustees and the RP can agree to perform the initial phases of an assessment cooperatively, the chances of achieving a fair settlement and avoiding protracted litigation are expected to be enhanced. The cooperative approach should also reduce overall transaction costs, facilitate settlement, and result in a more rapid implementation of restoration projects. This paper presents an overview of the cooperative natural resource damage assessment process being undertaken by the trustees and the RPs following the North Cape oil spill and highlights some of the lessons learned in conducting a cooperative assessment.

scholarly journals Beyond Natural Resource Damage Assessment: A Navy/State of Washington Oil Spill Restoration Partnership

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 (1) ◽  
pp. 1203-1204
Author(s):  
Dale A. Davis ◽  
Dean C. Smith ◽  
Dan Doty
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Puget Sound ◽  
The State ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Restoration Planning ◽  
Natural Resource Damage Assessment ◽  
Education And Awareness ◽  
Navy Personnel

ABSTRACT Money from oil spill natural resource damage claims in Washington State is used primarily to fund environmental restoration and enhancement projects, but all parties liable for oil spills in the state are invited to propose and perform resource restoration projects in lieu of monetary compensation. As a result of numerous oil spills from Naval vessels and facilities in Washington and the high probability of future spills, Naval Base Seattle developed a comprehensive restoration program that lists potential restoration projects for Navy facilities throughout Washington, and supports restoration opportunities for non-Navy trustee properties. The program has evolved into a collaborative restoration planning effort between the Navy and Washington natural resource agencies to identify and prioritize restoration opportunities to be applied in the event of future Navy spills. To date, three restoration projects have been approved as compensation for five spills into Puget Sound from Naval vessels, and are considered highly successful by both the Navy and the state. This approach results in substantial savings for state agencies, restoration projects that are implemented quickly and efficiently, and environmental education and awareness for Navy personnel.

THE HASBAH 6 (SAUDI ARABIA) BLOWOUT: THE EFFECTS OF AN INTERNATIONAL OIL SPILL AS EXPERIENCED IN QATAR

1983 ◽  
Vol 1983 (1) ◽  
pp. 381-388
Author(s):  
Joseph A.C.M. van Oudenhoven
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Task Force ◽  
The State ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Mutual Aid ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Neutrally Buoyant ◽  
Oil Company

ABSTRACT An oil well blowout in the Gulf lasted only eight days; however, the resultant oil spill threatened neighboring coasts for as long as two months. On windy days, nearly neutrally buoyant oil slicks approaching the Qatar coasts seemed to disappear, but they soon surfaced again whenever the weather improved. Qatar, suddenly faced with a very unusual spill, did not have an oil spill response plan. Throughout the emergency, therefore, valuable time was lost discussing the appropriate measures and setting protection priorities. Often, any understanding of the nature of the problems involved was lacking. Although most beaches became covered with the tar-like substance, a small task force from the state oil company, supported by a few foreign advisers, was able to protect all the important water intakes. Examples are given of how general principles were adapted to the specific local circumstances; for instance, lagoons were used to trap and handle the oil, and discarded SBM hoses served as breakwaters. To ensure an environmentally responsible cleaning operation, the few personnel available were provided with lists of “do's and don'ts.” The effectiveness of various approaches to dispose of collected oil is discussed. A framework for an oil spill contingency plan for Qatar has been developed and a government environmental committee set up. The oil companies’ mutual aid organization, put to the test, revealed weak areas, such as transboundary and communication problems, forcing the partners to review the organization. To enhance in-house response, the state oil company purchased spill-response equipment and is considering hands-on training of emergency crews. The valuable experience gained during this emergency should be used to improve future spill preparedness.

TANTANGAN DAN PENGUATAN IDEOLOGI PANCASILA DALAM MENGHADAPI ERA REVOLUSI INDUSTRI 4.0

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 66-78
Author(s):  
Nurul Fadilah
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
The State ◽  
Way Of Life

The ideology of Pancasila as a way of life, the basis of the state, and national identity has a various challenge from time to time so that the existence of Pancasila as an Ideology must be maintained, especially in industrial revolution 4.0. The research method used is a qualitative approach by doing study of literature. In data collection the writer used documentation while in techniques data analysis used content analysis, inductive and descriptive. Results of the research about challenges and strengthening of the Pancasila Ideology in facing the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 are: (1)  grounding Pancasila, (2) increasing professional human resources based on Pancasila’s values, (3) maintaining the existence of Pancasila as the State Ideology.

The Daily Routine of Students in the Classroom

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-163
Author(s):  
Lilian Marques Silva
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Public School ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Technological Advances

The almost instantaneous access to information provided by technological advances has revolutionized the behavior of people and of the classrooms too. Teachers had to adapt themselves to new technologies to maintain students interested and attentive to the discipline being taught. In this work, the behavior of the students of the 6th grade of elementary school II during class was observed. The school chosen is a public school in the State of São Paulo (Brazil). The research was based on data collection. The students were observed by being filmed during six months. The results showed that the students were interested in the classes and committed to the activities. The place that the student chooses to sit in the classroom influences the behavior of the teacher, because the more distant the teacher, the less he participates in the class.

scholarly journals Getting Started Creating Data Dictionaries: How to Create a Shareable Data Set

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 251524592092800
Author(s):  
Erin M. Buchanan ◽  
Sarah E. Crain ◽  
Ari L. Cunningham ◽  
Hannah R. Johnson ◽  
Hannah Stash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Data Sharing ◽  
Search Engine ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Dictionary ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Entire Process ◽  
Shared Data ◽  
Source Data

As researchers embrace open and transparent data sharing, they will need to provide information about their data that effectively helps others understand their data sets’ contents. Without proper documentation, data stored in online repositories such as OSF will often be rendered unfindable and unreadable by other researchers and indexing search engines. Data dictionaries and codebooks provide a wealth of information about variables, data collection, and other important facets of a data set. This information, called metadata, provides key insights into how the data might be further used in research and facilitates search-engine indexing to reach a broader audience of interested parties. This Tutorial first explains terminology and standards relevant to data dictionaries and codebooks. Accompanying information on OSF presents a guided workflow of the entire process from source data (e.g., survey answers on Qualtrics) to an openly shared data set accompanied by a data dictionary or codebook that follows an agreed-upon standard. Finally, we discuss freely available Web applications to assist this process of ensuring that psychology data are findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable.

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