Development and Evaluation of Indian Traditional Sweet ‘Laddoo’ Supplemented with Germinated Pumpkin Seed Flour

Aim: The study was planned to evaluate Indian traditional sweet ‘Laddoo’ supplemented with germinated pumpkin seed flour. Study Design: The traditional recipe was supplemented by replacing the whole wheat flour and bengalgram flour with 10, 20 and 30% of germinated pumpkin seed flour. The developed products were subjected to organoleptic and nutritional evaluation. The results were subjected to statistical analysis using ANOVA. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried in Department of Foods & Nutrition and was part of doctoral research work carried out between 2017-19. Methodology: Sensory evaluation of developed products was carried out using 9-point hedonic scale. The samples were further analysed for moisture, ash, crude fat, crude protein and crude fiber, total, soluble and insoluble dietary fiber, total and available minerals using standard methods. Results: The supplementation resulted in a significant (P≤0.05) increase in ash, crude fat, crude protein and crude fiber while total carbohydrates decreased. The supplemented product had crude protein ranging from 19.39-25.59 g; crude fibre 2.21 -3.24 g and ash 5.70-8.19 g/100 g at different levels of incorporation as against 16.53, 1,64 and 3.66 g/100 g respectively in control product. Significant increase was observed in mineral content also. The supplemented products had calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, potassium and phosphorus ranging from 63.47-95.46, 132.63-133.58, 3.58-7.51, 6.49-11.33, 639.53-884.34 and 343.32-356.63 mg/100 g on dry matter basis. The developed products were acceptable to judges. Conclusion: Incorporation of germinated pumpkin seed flour significantly (P≤0.05) improved the nutrient and mineral profile of whole wheat flour Bengal flour Laddoo. Such developed products can be very useful in combating the macronutrient and micronutrients deficiency problem in population of all age groups.

Download Full-text

The Evaluation of Pasting Properties of Whole Wheat and Whole Green Plantain Flour Blends and Quality Characteristics of Crackers Made from the Blends

European Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences ◽

10.24018/ejfood.2020.2.5.111 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (5) ◽

Author(s):

U. E. Inyang ◽

V. P. Elijah

Keyword(s):

Wheat Flour ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Control Sample ◽

Pasting Properties ◽

Crude Fibre ◽

Whole Wheat Flour ◽

Overall Acceptability ◽

Substitution Level ◽

Whole Wheat ◽

Flour Blends

The demand for food products with functional attributes is on the increase worldwide. The present study was aimed at evaluating the effect of supplementing whole wheat flour with 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50% whole green plantain flour on pasting properties of the flour blends, proximate composition, minerals and sensory characteristics of crackers made from the blends. The 100% whole wheat flour served as the control sample. The result showed that the peak viscosity (PV), trough viscosity (TV), breakdown viscosity (BDV), final viscosity (FV) and setback viscosity (SBV) were significantly affected by the level of plantain flour substitution. The 20% plantain flour substitution level recorded the minimum PV (264.00RVU), TV (248.00RVU), FV (531.00RVU) and SBV (263.00RVU) while the 50% plantain flour substituted blend recorded the highest PV (362.00RVU), TV (328.00RVU) and FV (603.00RVU). The control sample recorded the highest SBV (312.00RVU) and least BDV (3.00RVU). The peak times for all the blended samples were the same (7 min) while the time for the control sample was 5 min. There was insignificant difference (P>0.05) in the pasting temperature which ranged from 91.30 – 92.80oC. The crude protein, fat and calcium contents progressively decreased while the ash, crude fibre, carbohydrate, K, Mg, Fe and Zn contents in the prepared crackers progressively increased with increase in the proportion of plantain flour substitution. Cracker prepared from the blend of 80% whole wheat and 20% whole green plantain flours was the most preferred by the sensory evaluation panellists in terms of taste, texture and overall acceptability. It is evident from the study that acceptable crackers of enhanced nutritive value could be produced from blend of 80% whole wheat and 20% whole green plantain flours. The use of flour from unpeeled plantain as ingredient in cracker production would eliminate waste generation and its associated environmental problems.

Download Full-text

Physico-chemical and Sensory Evaluation of Biscuits Developed from Blends of Jowar (Sorghum), Organic Jaggery and Whole Wheat Flours

Asian Journal of Dairy and Food Research ◽

10.18805/ajdfr.dr-1787 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

P.V.K. Jagannadha Rao ◽

P. Sreedevi ◽

Y. Navaneetha ◽

K. Kiranmayi ◽

M. Bharathalakshmi

Keyword(s):

Sensory Evaluation ◽

Wheat Flour ◽

Proximate Analysis ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Process Technology ◽

Crude Fibre ◽

Whole Wheat Flour ◽

Whole Wheat ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Spread Factor

Background: Jowar (Sorghum) is one of the most popular millet grown in tropical and semi-arid regions. The present study was aimed to design and develop the process technology for the preparation of biscuits from blends of jowar and jaggery by replacing wheat flour. Methods: The biscuits were analysed for physico-chemical and sensory properties. The proportions taken were 30:70:60, 40:60:60, 50:50:60, 60:40:60, 70:30:60 and 100:0:60 of jowar flour, whole wheat flour and jaggery respectively. Sensory evaluation was performed by using composite scoring test and means were evaluated by Krushkal Walli H-Test. Result: Sensory evaluation revealed that the ratio of 100:0:60 (SWJ 6) jowar, whole wheat flour and jaggery has highest acceptability and was considered for further studies. The physical parameters of biscuits such as mass (20 g), thickness (7 mm), spread factor (64.28), diameter (45 mm) and color values were determined. The texture analysis revealed that the biscuits held hardness (32.5 g), fracturability (8.60 mm) and cutting strength (3.390 kg). Proximate analysis was estimated as energy (583 kcal), carbohydrate (92.6 g), protein (10.8 g), fat (4.8 g), crude fibre (8.6 g), calcium (46 mg), zinc (58.3 mg), iron (16.1 mg) and potassium (420 mg) per 100 g for SWJ 6 proportion.

Download Full-text

Nutritionally improved cookies from whole wheat flour enriched with processed tamarind seed flour

Journal of Food Processing and Preservation ◽

10.1111/jfpp.16185 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Adewumi T. Oyeyinka ◽

Joy O. Dahunsi ◽

Olaide A. Akintayo ◽

Samson A. Oyeyinka ◽

Janet A. Adebiyi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wheat Flour ◽

Whole Wheat Flour ◽

Seed Flour ◽

Whole Wheat ◽

Tamarind Seed

Download Full-text

Production and Quality Evaluation of Local “Madiga” Bread Enriched with Defatted Fluted Pumpkin Seed Flour

European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety ◽

10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i1130316 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 29-38

Author(s):

D. B. Kiin- Kabari ◽

B. S. Chibor ◽

S. D. Akpoebi

Keyword(s):

Wheat Flour ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Quality Evaluation ◽

Ash Content ◽

Pumpkin Seed ◽

Fluted Pumpkin ◽

Overall Acceptability ◽

Seed Flour ◽

Crude Fiber Content ◽

Flour Blends

The objective of this work was to produce local (Madiga) bread from the blend of wheat and fluted pumpkin seed flour and to evaluate the nutrient composition and sensory properties of enriched Madiga produced from these flour blends. Defatted fluted pumpkin seed flour was used to substitute wheat flour at the following; (Wheat to Fluted pumpkin seed flour ratio); 100:0 (control), 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40%, 50:50, and labelled as samples A, B, C, D, E, and F, respectively. The ash content ranged from 1.20 – 2.55%, with sample A given significantly lower ash content (1.20%) than those of the enriched Madiga. Significantly higher ash values of 2.55%, 2.44% and 2.39% were recorded in samples E, F and D, respectively. There was no significance in the fat content of samples A and B. Percentage protein ranged from 6.79% – 9.36%. The crude protein content of all the enriched Madiga samples were significantly higher than that of the control, Crude fiber content ranged from 0.91% – 1.82%, with sample C given significantly higher value of 1.82% followed by samples D and F. Control local Madiga gave significantly higher carbohydrate content of 74.31%. The energy value per kcal/100g for samples B, C, D, E and F were 258.62, 284.16, 296.07, 296.96 and 278.81, respectively. Samples B and C received significantly higher value of 4.70 and 4.05, respectively, keeping these samples in the ‘sweet’ to ‘very sweet’ range. Samples B and C received significantly higher overall acceptability and were scored 3.85 and 3.70, respectively. These values were however, not significantly difference from 3.33 and 2.93 as scored in samples D and E, respectively. Substitution of wheat flour with 10, 20 and 30% defatted fluted pumpkin seed flour was effective in producing enriched Madiga bread, thus recommended.

Download Full-text

Sorghum Flour: A Valuable Ingredient for Bakery Industry?

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10238597 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (23) ◽

pp. 8597

Author(s):

Livia Apostol ◽

Nastasia Belc ◽

Liviu Gaceu ◽

Oana Bianca Oprea ◽

Mona Elena Popa

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽

Wheat Flour ◽

Alternative Source ◽

Suitable Alternative ◽

Whole Wheat Flour ◽

Seed Flour ◽

Whole Wheat ◽

Sorghum Flour ◽

Three Samples

The information from this study may provide opportunities for industrial application of sorghum seed flour as a useful bakery ingredient and a suitable alternative source of functional compounds to whole wheat flour. The chemical composition of sorghum was evaluated compared to that of wheat whole flour, showing high contents of mineral and fibers. Next were evaluated the dough rheological properties of flour mixtures using Mixolab equipment, “Chopin+” protocol. Finally, six bread samples were obtained from wheat flour with addition of sorghum seed flour in various percentages, in which three samples were fortified with Lactobacillus plantarum compared to the other three bread samples without the addition of any lactic acid bacteria. All six bread sample were compared to a control bread sample with wheat flour type 550. The results show the fat and raw fiber were higher in sorghum compared to whole wheat flour. Also, the content of magnesium, potassium, and iron were much higher than in whole wheat flour. A significant improvement of the sensorial characteristics was observed in bread samples in which lactic acid bacteria was used.

Download Full-text

Influence of walnut on the nutritional and physicochemical properties of biscuits made from whole wheat

Agrosearch ◽

10.4314/agrosh.v20i1.5s ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 45-58

Author(s):

A.O. Dauda ◽

O.A. Abiodun ◽

O.A. Akintayo ◽

A.A. Babayeju ◽

K.O. Salami ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wheat Flour ◽

Proximate Composition ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Control Sample ◽

Essential Amino Acids ◽

Crude Fibre ◽

Whole Wheat Flour ◽

Standard Methods ◽

Whole Wheat ◽

High Antioxidant Activity

In this study, the influence of walnut flour in biscuit production was studied. Biscuits were made from blends of whole wheat with walnut flours and were assessed for quality attributes and storability. Walnut was blended with whole-wheat thus: B (2%:98%); C (4%:96%); D (6%:94%); E (8%:92%) and F (10%:90%), while plain whole wheat flour served as control (Sample A). The biscuits were baked in the oven operated at 1800C for 20-30 minutes, cooled, packaged, stored for eight weeks, and analysed for physicochemical, microbial and sensory properties using standard methods. The results revealed that the proximate composition of the samples during storage were as follows: protein, moisture, ash, crude-fat, crude-fibre and carbohydrate values ranged thus: (9.30-14.26%), (10.28-12.06%), (2.20-2.92%), (13.24-16.66%), (0.69-1.17%) and (53.60-61.47%) respectively, with better nutrient stability in the treated samples when compared to the control. The colour varied with increasing substitution, while the essential amino acids were higher in the walnut-supplemented samples. The microbial load of the control was higher than those of the treated samples, due to high antioxidant activity of walnut. Sensory evaluation revealed that biscuit sample having 2% walnut flour was most preferred. Keywords: Whole wheat flour; walnut; proximate composition; antioxidant properties; shelf life.

Download Full-text