scholarly journals Cytokinin-Regulated Physiological Parameters Affected by an Exogenous Dopamine Spray in Brussels Sprout (Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera)

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
J. Lozano Miglioli ◽  
G. Fasciglione ◽  
A. Di Benedetto
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Brussels Sprout ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Root Restriction ◽  
Leaf Appearance

Root restriction on the first stage of seedling growth decreases post-transplant biomass accumulation. Several studies in different vegetables and ornamental plants have suggested that this restriction would be overcome by means of a single 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) spray. Based on this, the aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of both pre-transplant single BAP and dopamine (a cytokinin antagonist) sprays on the growth of Brussels sprout (Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera) plants grown in 200 plug cells tray-1, during different times of the annual cropping period. The responses of dopamine-sprayed plants were not completely similar to those previously reported. The different physiological processes studied in dopamine-sprayed plants through some growth parameters showed that dopamine affected mainly the rate of leaf appearance, which in turn positively affected both individual and total leaf area expansion. Dopamine-sprayed plants showed a higher leaf source, which allowed them to accumulate a higher biomass on both a fresh and dry weight basis during the initial vegetative growth stages. The effects of both BAP and dopamine were partially related to the environmental conditions during the experiments.

scholarly journals Biomass Accumulation in the Fern Asplenium nidus avis (L) under Root Restriction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
A. Pagani ◽  
J. Molinari ◽  
E. Giardina ◽  
A. Di Benedetto
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Relative Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Net Assimilation ◽  
Root Restriction ◽  
Asplenium Nidus

Pot ornamental plant productivity is related to the environmental growth facilities but negatively affected by the pot root restriction syndrome. Most ferns showed a lower relative growth rate and long production cycles (24 months or more) for which growers use small pots to increase yield per unit area of greenhouse. The aim of this work was to analyze growth changes in response to different pot volume in plants of A. nidus avis spore-propagated under the hypothesis that it would play a role as an abiotic stress which decrease commercial productivity. Our results showed that the use of big pots increased fresh and dry weight and frond area (the main aesthetic trait). When growth parameters were performed, a higher the frond appearance rate (RLA), the frond area expansion (RLAE) and the frond thickness (SLA) were found in 1500 cm3 pot as well as the relative growth rate (RGR) and the net assimilation rate. The use of biggest pot for fern cropping stimulated biomass accumulation through a higher capacity to initiate and expand fronds, to increase photosynthetic rates and change photo assimilate partitioning which favor shoots. From the grower´s point of view, our results suggested that higher yields of A. nidus avis fern would be reached decreasing root restriction, that is, to use the biggest pot volume from the early transplant from plug trays.

scholarly journals Root-shoot growth and time to transplant of different lettuce genotypes during nursery

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-97
Author(s):  
Adalberto Di Benedetto ◽  
Danilo Carnelos ◽  
Jorge Lozano Miglioli ◽  
Pablo Fujinuma ◽  
Ernesto Giardina
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Relative Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Exogenous Cytokinin ◽  
Net Assimilation ◽  
Objective Basis ◽  
Root Restriction ◽  
Leaf Appearance

Although vegetable nursery growers decide on plug sizes based on the types, production time and schedule of the crops to grow, they usually choose individual small cell sizes because these allow short plant-raising periods and reduced costs. However, larger plugs produce a finished plant after transplant in a shorter period of time than smaller plugs. Nursery growers end the propagation period when roots take up the plug cell and plantlets can be removed from the plug tray without damage. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effect of three plug-cell sizes and a single BAP application (100 mg L-1) on the shoot and root growth and time to transplant of different lettuce genotypes. Nursery decreased as plug cell volume increased and with the single BAP spray. A novelty result was that the transplant dates were assigned when the marginal root dry weight accumulation decreased, i.e., based on objective rather than on subjective observations. The significant leaf area and dry weight accumulation found could be explained by growth parameters such as the rate of leaf appearance, the relative rate of leaf area expansion, the relative growth rate, the net assimilation rate and the partition coefficient from root: shoot allometries. Highlights Root restriction due to small plugs in transplant trays delay lettuce transplant. Exogenous cytokinin (BAP) overcame root restriction and decreased time to transplant. Time to transplant can be addressed on an objective basis: it were assigned when the marginal root dry weight accumulation decreased.

scholarly journals Responses of Maize Varieties to Salt Stress in Relation to Germination and Seedling Growth

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuurismaan Hassan ◽  
Md. Kamrul Hasan ◽  
Md. Obaidullah Shaddam ◽  
Mohammad Sohidul Islam ◽  
Celaleddin Barutçular ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Maize Varieties

A pot experiment was carried out at the Laboratory of Department of Agronomy, Hajee Mohamad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Bangladesh during 2016 to evaluate the response of maize varieties at germination and seedling growth stages under salt stress. The seeds of the BARI (Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute) developed four maize varietiesviz.Barnali, Khoi Vutta, Mohor and BARI Maize 5 were placed in plastic pots (each of 25 cm length and 12 cm width) on sand bed irrigated with tap water (control), 100 and 200 mM NaCl salt solutions. It was replicated in thrice with completely randomized design (CRD). Salinity stress significantly affected the germination characters and seedling growth parameters of maize varieties. The germination percentages (GP) and germination rate (GR) reduced significantly with increasing salinity, and the variety Khoi Vutta showed the highest GP and GR followed by Barnali and Mohor showed the lowest GP and GR followed by BARI maize 5. Under high salinity level, seedling growths characteristics like shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry weight of shoot and roots reduced remarkably in the variety Mohor indicating salt susceptible while the minimum reduction of the aforementioned traits was observed in the variety Khoi Vutta demonstrating high salt tolerant variety. The studied varieties can be ranked on the basis of salt tolerance as Khoi Vutta > Barnali > BARI Maize 5 > Mohor from the experiment.

scholarly journals Effect of irrigation levels at different growth stages on growth parameters and yield of four selected chilli accessions

1970 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAI Khan ◽  
AM Farooque ◽  
MA Hoque ◽  
MA Rahim ◽  
MA Haque
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Plant Leaf ◽  
Water Treatments ◽  
Different Growth Stages

An experiment as conducted at Bangladesh Agricultural University. Mymensingh in poly bags under glasshouse condition during October 1997 to March 1998 to know the effects of different water levels at different growth stages of four selected chilli accessions viz., C-027l, C-0272, C-0275, and C-0277. Six water treatments viz., watering once everyday (W1), watering twice everyday (W2). watering at 4 days interval (W3), watering at 8 days interval (W4), watering at 16 days interval (W5), and no watering (W0) were tested at three growth stages viz., Vegetable stage (S1), Flowering stage (S2), and Fruiting stage (S3). The accessions of chilli were selected from the results of a previous experiment where ten accessions of chilli collected from Spices Research Centre (SRC) of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur were used. The primary selection was made on the basis of their tolerance and susceptibility to water stages. The results revealed that all the studied parameters viz., plant height, canopy diameter, root length, root volume, no. of fruits per plant, fruit length, fruit diameter, individual fruit weight, no. of leaves per plant, leaf area per plant, fruit yield per plant, leaf dry weight, stem dry weight, root dry weight, fruit dry weight per plant, varied significantly among the accessions under different water treatments at different stages of growth. Out of four accessions, C-0271 and C-0277 were found as water stress tolerant and susceptible, respectively. Key Words: Water level; growth stage; chilli accessions DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v34i1.5764Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34(1) : 143-155, March 2009

scholarly journals An exogenous cytokinin supply in the ornamental fern Asplenium nidus L. induces an unusual post-transplant biomass accumulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-125
Author(s):  
Alberto Pagani ◽  
Danilo Carnelos ◽  
Jorge Molinari ◽  
Ernesto Giardina ◽  
Adalberto Di Benedetto
Keyword(s):  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Shoot Meristem ◽  
Plant Management ◽  
Outward Appearance ◽  
Commercial Space ◽  
Exogenous Cytokinin ◽  
Production Cycles ◽  
Root Restriction ◽  
Asplenium Nidus

Abstract Ferns are ornamental plants with a low relative growth rate and long production cycles, which are grown at small pot volumes to optimize the commercial space for sale. However, the root restriction effects under this plant management can limit biomass accumulation and frond area. Since an exogenous spray with cytokinin (6-benzyl aminopurine (BAP)) has been suggested as a tool to override the root restriction in plants grown in pots, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of different BAP doses (5, 50, 100 or 200 mg L-1) once (7 days after transplant), twice (7 and 30 days after transplant) or three times (7, 30, and 60 days after transplant), on plant growth and frond area development in spore-propagated Asplenium nidus fern plants grown in pots. Both increasing the BAP doses and number of applications led to an unusual response: an excessive decrease in the frond plastochron and a significant increase in the frond number initiated at the apical shoot meristem. This large frond number was not sustained due to the low net photosynthetic rate of the younger fronds and significantly limited outward appearance.

scholarly journals Growth Performance of Crescentia cujete (Robx) Seedlings as Influenced by Different Watering Regimes

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
A. F. Aderounmu ◽  
O. A. Ogidan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Leaf Production ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Crescentia Cujete

This study investigated the effects of different watering regimes on the growth of Crescentia cujete. The seedlings were subjected to six different watering regimes which include: W1 – control   (watering everyday), W2 – watering once every two days, W3 – watering once every three days, W4 – watering once every four days, W5 – watering once every five days and W6 – watering once every six days; each treatment replicated six times. The experiment was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The study was carried out at the Central Nursery of Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan. Growth parameters assessed include: plant height (cm), collar diameter (mm), leaf production and the biomass accumulation which was sectioned into leaf, stem and the root. The data collected were subjected to one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and means separation was done using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% level of probability. The results showed that there were significant differences among the treatments in plant height and number of leaves produced while there was no significant difference in the collar diameter. However, seedlings watered once every 5 days (W5) performed best in height (20.48 cm) and leaf production (18.42). It was revealed that there were significant differences in the leaf and stem dry weights among the treatments with W5 having the highest weight while there were no significant differences in the root dry weight. Crescentia cujete optimized water shortage for its growth.

scholarly journals Impatiens ‘New Guinea’ (Impatiens hawkeri Bull) Hormonal Effects during the Post-transplant Biomass Accumulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 1629-1649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adalberto Di Benedetto ◽  
Jorge Molinari ◽  
Pablo Fujinuma ◽  
Alberto Pagani ◽  
Marcela Buyatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Physiological Mechanism ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Post Transplant ◽  
Ornamental Foliage Plants ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Root Restriction ◽  
Impatiens Hawkeri ◽  
New Guinea Impatiens

Pot ornamental plant productivity is related to the environmental growth facilities but negatively affected by the pot root restriction syndrome so during nursery as the post-transplant stage. The physiological mechanism involved included both the synthesis and translocation of auxins and cytokinins. However, clear sink-source and dose-response relationships of exogenous plant regulators such as indole acetic acid (AIA) and benzyl amino purine (BAP) and environment on biomass accumulation in most ornamental foliage plants, including New Guinea Impatiens (Impatiens hawkeri) are lacking. The aim of this work was to analyze the effects of an exogenously shoot-applied auxin and a cytokinin, separately or successively, on the post-transplant biomass accumulation of I. hawkeri through the anatomical, morphological and physiological changes observed. Two experiments were performed. The first experiment included the response to only BAP-sprayed plants (0, 5, 50, or 100 mg L-1). For the second experiment, rooting cuttings of I. hawkeri were sprayed with different concentrations of IAA (0, 5, 50, or 100 mg L-1) followed by different BAP concentrations (0, 5, 50, or 100 mg L-1) one week later to run-off at sunset. Results showed that (a) a single BAP or AIA dose increased increase post-transplant biomass accumulation through a higher leaf area expansion and photo assimilate production, (b) as a result of both AIA and BAP spray, the higher NAR the higher post-transplant biomass accumulation, (c) leaf anatomical changes (leaf thickness, intercellular spaces) let a higher carbon dioxide diffusion and fixation with a correlative increase in photo assimilates, (d) a higher root system would be related to a higher cytokinin synthesis. In summary, similarities between responses to either hormone, together with the lack of any IAA - BAP interaction, provide two independent routes for commercial growers to increase the productivity of I. hawkeri ornamental plants by using early foliar sprays.

scholarly journals Effect of Salt Stress on Germination and Growth Parameters of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinbode Foluso OLOGUNDUDU ◽  
Adekunle Ajayi ADELUSI ◽  
Richard Olutayo AKINWALE
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Rice Varieties

The response of eight varieties of Oryza sativa L. (‘NERICA 1’, ‘NERICA 5’, ‘NERICA 12’, ‘NERICA 19’, ‘IR 29’, ‘IR 20’, ‘IWA 11’, and ‘POKKALI’, a salt tolerant check) against four salinity levels (0, 5, 10, and 15 ds m-1) were studied at germination and early growth stages. Data were analyzed using Statistical Analytical System (SAS) and means were separated by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) for Final Germination Percentage (FGP), Speed of Germination (SG), Germination Energy Percentage (GE%), shoot and root length and root and shoot dry weight. Based on dry matter yield reduction, rice varieties were classified as tolerant (T), moderately tolerant (MT), moderately susceptible (MS) or susceptible (S). Germination was not recorded at 20 ds m-1 salt concentration in all cultivars. Salinity decreased FGP, SG, GE% and led to reduction in shoot and root length and dry weight in all varieties and the magnitude of reduction increased with increasing salinity stress. Rice varieties ‘NERICA 12’, ‘IR 20’, ‘IWA 11’ and ‘NERICA 19’ showed greater salt tolerance during germination (germinated at 10 ds m-1 salinity). However, ‘NERICA 1’, ‘IR 29’, and ‘IR 20’ performed better based on dry matter yield reduction. The result suggested that ‘NERICA 1’, ‘IR 29’, and ‘IR 20’ might be used for further study of salinity effect on growth processes and physiological consequences at advanced stage of growth. The physiological responses of rice plants to salinity at various developmental stages are therefore critical for identifying salinity tolerance in the cultivars.

scholarly journals Physio-Morphological Features of Chilli Accessions Under Moisture Stress Conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAI Khan ◽  
MA Hoque ◽  
AM Farooque ◽  
U Habiba ◽  
MA Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Water Treatments ◽  
Original Amount

An experiment was carried out at the Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during October 2005 to March 2007 to study the effect of different soil water levels on the physio-morphological features of ten Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) accessions viz. C-0277, C-0297, BM-1, C-0100, BM-2, C-0265, C- 0272, C-0275, BM-3, and C-0271. The experiment was set up in pots under glasshouse condition. The water treatments were applied at 4 vegetative growth stages following withholding method (crude method) starting from 25 days after sowing and thereafter at every 7 days interval until final stage. The water treatments applied were W1 = watering once a day; W2 = watering at 4 days interval; W3 = watering at 8 days of interval, and W0 = no watering. Moisture capacity of polybag (analogous to field capacity) was determined by subtracting leached water from the original amount of water applied. In most of the parameters studied, W2 gave the highest value, W1 and W0 gave the lowest, while W3 in between. Only a slight deviation was noticed in case of root volume and root dry weight, where W0 produced the 2nd highest and highest values, respectively. The effects of different water treatments on all the growth parameters studied was significant in case of all accessions and growth stages. The accessions C-0271, C-0277, BM-1, and C-0297 produced higher dry matter. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i2.11229 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(2): 263-269, June 2012

scholarly journals Effect of Nacl on Germination and Seedling Growth of Some Cotton Genotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-207
Author(s):  
Kamelia Mondal ◽  
Joyanti Ray ◽  
Md Yasin Ali
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Quick Method ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Superior Genotype ◽  
Cotton Genotypes

Salinity is an emerging problem among the abiotic stresses of plants in Bangladesh. One easy way to cope with the problem of salinity is to exploit the genetic potential of plants for their adaptability to adverse soil conditions. Salt tolerance improvement might be achieved through selection from already existing germplasm which can be done by quick method particularly in early growth stages of crops. A laboratory experiment was conducted to determine the effect of salinity on germination and the seedling growth of five cotton genotypes. Two factors include genotypes (CB-9, CB-10, CB-12, CB-14 and CB-15) and salt solution of different concentrations (control -0 dS m-1, 4 dS m-1, 8 dS m-1, 12 dS m-1 and 16 dS m-1) were used. Relative to control treatment, germination energy and germination capacity at 16 dS m-1 was maximum in CB-12 (0.72 and 0.77 respectively) whereas germination percentage (0.99) was maximum in CB-9 and the relative value of all the above parameters was minimum in CB-15 (0.02, 0.13, 0.41 and 0.09, respectively). In case of seedling growth parameters, shoot length, seedling vigor index and dry weight at 16 dS m-1 were maximum in CB-9 (0.67, 0.64 and 0.77 respectively) relative to control whereas the relative value of all those parameters was minimum in CB-15 (0.5, 0.17, 0.31 and 0.59 respectively). Considering all germination and seedling growth parameters, CB-9 was supposed to be superior genotype followed by CB-12, CB-10 and CB-14 whereas genotype CB-15 was more susceptible than other genotypes against salinity stress. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.7(2): 199-207,  August 2020

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