scholarly journals Abundance and Diversity of Snails in Relation to Physicochemical Parameters along Kwadom Stream, Gombe State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Murna Tela ◽  
Abubakar Usman
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
Sampling Station ◽  
Temperature Conductivity ◽  
Oxygen Conductivity ◽  
Home Site ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

Aims: The aim of the study is to investigate the abundance and diversity of snails along Kwadom stream, Gombe state, Nigeria. Study Design:  Snails were collected using a benthic scoop net with mesh size of 0.2 mm and hand picking from three sampling stations (home, farmlands, and fishponds sites) along Kwadom stream; between 6:30 am to 11:00 am weekly. In addition, physicochemical parameters (temperature, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, alkalinity, water depth and pH) were measured fortnightly to determine their effect on the diversity of snail species. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted along Kwadom stream in Yamaltu Deba Local Government Area of Gombe State, Nigeria from March to July 2021. Methodology: Snails were collected from each of the three stations and identified to species level using hand lens and taxonomy keys. Water physicochemical parameters: temperature, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, alkalinity, water depth and pH were measured using standard method. General linear models (GLM) were used to compare the abundance and diversity of the snails across the sampling station, as well as the effect of physicochemical parameters on the diversity of snails. Results: 160 individual snails were recorded from 11 species, including Biomphalaria pfeifferi– the intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni. The result showed there was a significant difference in the abundance of snails (p<0.01) across the three study sites – home site 68 (42.5%), farmlands site 56 (35%) and fishpond site 36 (22.5%). The home site had a higher diversity of snail species (p<0.01) relative to the farmlands and fishponds sites. Temperature, conductivity, and alkalinity had a significant effect on the diversity of snails. Conclusion: Overall, Kwadom stream harbors many individual snail species, suggesting the need for educating the public on the mode of transmission of diseases that are caused by these snails.

scholarly journals Seasonal Dynamics of the Microbial and Physicochemical Characteristics of Streams and Boreholes in Uzuakoli, Eastern Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Okezie Onyemaechi ◽  
Nwachukwu Ejikeme
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

Water samples from twenty water sources (fifteen boreholes and five streams) in Uzuakoli, Nigeria were collected for the period of 6 months covering the dry and rainy seasons to assess the level of contamination. The Microbiological characteristics including heterotrophic counts, coliform counts and physicochemical parameters includes pH, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, calcium, potassium, nitrate, magnesium and phosphate were evaluated using standard methods. The total Heterotrophic counts for the borehole during the dry and rainy season were 8.3 x 103 cfu/ ml and 10.8 x 104 cfu/ ml. The Heterotrophic counts for the stream were 12.7 x 104 cfu/ ml and 17.8x 106 cfu/ ml. The frequency of occurrence of the isolates are Staphylococcus aureus 63% in borehole and 85% in streams, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 49% in boreholes and 95% in streams, Proteus sp 52% in boreholes and 97% in streams, Streptococcus sp 46% in boreholes and 53% in streams, Enterobacter aerogenes 33% in boreholes and 63% in streams, Escherichia coli 16% in boreholes and 53% in streams and Salmonella sp no percentage in boreholes and 40% in streams. The result shows a significant difference at (P≤0.05) for the bacterial isolates. The physicochemical parameters of the borehole and stream water samples during the dry and rainy seasons were determined. The temperature ranged from 25oC 32oC; pH ranged from 5.3 8.1; turbidity ranged 0.03 3.23; dissolved oxygen ranged from 3.45–7.40mg/l; biochemical oxygen demand ranged from 1.20–4.32mg/l; chemical oxygen demand ranged from 2.50–5.21mg/l; Calcium ranged from 0.81–5.64mg/l; potassium ranged from 1.01–4.22mg/l; Nitrate ranged from 1.49–4.02mg/l; magnesium ranged from 0.13–2.20mg/l; phosphate ranged from 0.51–2.01mg/l. The water samples were all within the WHO limits apart from sample from Iyi Agbozu that had temperature of 32oC.

scholarly journals Effects of application of copper-based fungicides in cocoa plantations on the abundance and diversity of macroinvertebrates in adjacent rivers in Southwestern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
C. O. Adedire ◽  
J. A. Adeyemi ◽  
G. O. Owokoniran ◽  
B. W. Adu ◽  
K. D. Ileke
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Generic Level ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

This study investigated the relationship between the levels of fungicide pollution and the abundance and diversity of macroinvertebrate fauna in three river systems: Aponmu, Oruwo, and Owena in south-western Nigeria, which are in close proximity to cocoa plantations. For each river, three sites were selected for the collection of water and sediment samples from April to July, 2018. Prior to sample collection, the physicochemical parameters (electrical conductivity, total dissolved solutes, pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen) were determined. Also, aquatic macroinvertebrates were collected, and were identified to generic level, where possible. The levels of copper and sulphate in the samples were determined following standard procedures. The range of mean values for the physicochemical parameters were: 0.07-0.20 mS/cm, 60.00 – 154.00 ppm, 24.60 – 28.13 °C, 6.97 – 7.43, and 0.87 – 2.87 mg/L for electrical conductivity, total dissolved solutes, temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen respectively. The range of mean values for copper and sulphate in sediment samples were 30.58 – 56.63 mg/Kg and 787.12 – 978.33 mg/Kg respectively while those for the water samples were 2.86 – 6.93 mg/L and 476.6 – 685.58 mg/L respectively. A total of nineteen (19) macroinvertebrate genera comprising Insecta (14), Gastropoda (3), Crustacea (1), and Bivalvia (1) were recorded. Taxa richness and species diversity were higher in river Owena in comparison to rivers Aponmu and Oruwo. The high abundance of the taxa: Potamididae, Gerridae, Notonectidae, Libellulidae, and Platycnemididae in the sampled rivers notwithstanding the pollution levels is an indication that these taxa are capable of thriving in polluted aquatic systems. Keywords: Aquatic pollution; Copper-based fungicides; Black pod disease; Macroinvertebrates; Diversityindices

scholarly journals Population Dynamics, Diversity and Distribution of Freshwater Snails in Zobe Dam, Dutsin-Ma, North-Western Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Timothy Auta ◽  
Emmanuel Alkali ◽  
Elaigwu Audu Michael
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Freshwater Snails ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Lymnaea Natalensis

Freshwater snails are crucial in assessing the ecological status of water bodies beside their economic, public and veterinary health importance. Hence, ecological studies pertaining to their abundance, diversity and distribution become paramount. A total of 1664 freshwater snails were sampled in Zobe Dam and the physicochemical parameters of the water body were analyzed on a monthly basis from April to September 2017 following standard protocols. Among the 1664 snails collected, 788 (47.94%) were Lymnaea natalensis, 492 (29.93%) were Bulinus trophicus and 364 (26.14%) were Bulinus forskalii. The study revealed monthly and spatial variation in the population of snails. Diversity and distribution of snails in Zobe Dam was influenced by pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity and turbidity. Coefficient of correlation (r) between snail species and the physicochemical parameters of water such as dissolved oxygen, turbidity and conductivity had a strong positive correlation with all the three species while pH was found to have a weak positive correlation with only Lymnaea natalensis. In conclusion, Lymnaea natalensis was the most abundant in population of snails inhabiting Zobe Dam and the population of snail varied with the physicochemical parameters of the water body.

Protozoan species in three epibenthic areas of the Cantabrian Sea: relations with environmental factors

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregorio Fernandez-Leborans
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Measured Temperature ◽  
Oxygen Conductivity ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Protozoan Community ◽  
Oxidation Reduction Potential ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Protozoan Species

Protozoan communities at three beaches on the Cantabrian Sea were studied. Four stations along a transect of 150 m at each beach were chosen for this study. The following parameters were measured: temperature, pH, oxidation–reduction potential, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, salinity, nitrate, phosphate, granulometry and amount of organic matter. Four groups of protozoa (ciliates, non-dinoflagellate flagellates, dinoflagellates and sarcodines) were analysed for their abundance and diversity, as well as the influence of the measured parameters on the communities. Temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen were the main factors responsible for seasonal differences. Temperature increased at the beginning of spring and summer, coinciding with growth of the protozoan community. Flagellates and dinoflagellates increased during spring and early summer. The amount of organic matter subsequently rose. The final step of this succession was the development of the ciliate community. A comparison between the same areas in 1989 and in the present study was carried out.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Parameters Of Effluents From A Lubricating Oil Company And Metal Analysis Of The Sediment Of The Receiving Stream In Osogbo Osun State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 6087-6098
Author(s):  
Ayodeji Oluwole Adeniji ◽  
Iyabo Oluremi Olabanji ◽  
Ayodele Emmanuel Oluyemi
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Oil Company

Effluent and its receiving sediment samples were collected on seasonal basis, comprising of three months (August to October, 2014) in the wet season and three months (December 2014 to February 2015) in the dry season. Five sampling points around the lubricating oil company were marked for the study. Physicochemical parameters of the effluent samples such as pH, temperature, conductivity, total dissolve solids were determined in situ. Dissolved oxygen and biochemical oxygen demand were determined by Winkler´s method. Digestion of the sediments was carried out by acid dissolution. The heavy metals (Mn, Ni, Co, Cd and Pb) level was determined using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The results revealed that the physicochemical parameters ranged between (27.40 to 29.860C) for temperature, pH (6.89 to 7.88), electrical conductivity (92.27 to 292.84µs/cm), total dissolve solids, dissolved oxygen (2.58 to 7.01mg/L), biochemical oxygen demand (5.00 to 14.00mg/L) for the sampling periods. The overall total metal was in similar order: Mn > Ni > Co > Cd > Pb for both seasons. Most of the results were within the recommended limit required except for the levels of biochemical oxygen demand which exceeded the recommended value of 10mg/L in dry season by WHO, (2006). Statistically, no significant difference at p ≤ 0.05 between the parameters obtained in both seasons. The study concluded that the effluents discharged from the lubricating oil company in osogbo was polluted based on the results of biochemical oxygen demand and the Cd concentrations in the sediment samples.  

scholarly journals Aspects of Physico-Chemical Parameters of Bodna River in Kwali Area Council Abuja, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
B M Sani ◽  
S A Okunsebor ◽  
A H Banyigyi
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

In this study, the Bodna River was analyzed for some physicochemical parameters. The main aim of the study was to determine the effect of human activities on the physical, chemical and biological properties of the river, and to enhance systemable usage for conservation and management. The water quality parameters examined were Temperature, pH, Transparency, Salinity, Total dissolved solids (TDS), Dissolved oxygen (DO) and Electrical Conductivity (EC) for the four sampling stations from May 2018 to April 2019. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the pH values of the river ranging between (7.16 to 7.20) in all the sampling stations. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) showed significance differences (p<0.05) in other parameters across the months. The result showed that air temperature ranged from 32.10±0.73 to 36.15±0.17 oc, water temperature from 30.20±0.94 to 34.30±0.22oc, transparency ranged from 5.9±0.61cm to 18.7±6.17cm, Salinity varied 2.08±0.06 to 3.15±0.50 mg/l. Total dissolved solid (TDS) was between 33.50±7.91 and 83.85±21.06mg/l. Dissolved oxygen (DO) ranged from 6.23±0.05 to 8.28±0.10 mg/l and Electrical conductivity (EC) ranged from 40.00±4.32 to 87.25±19.97ꭒ/s. The parameters were correlated within the stations. The results from the study showed that most of the physicochemical parameters were within the accepted values for consumption, biodiversity, productivity, domestic usage and are below pollution level.

scholarly journals Dissolved Heavy Metal Determination and Ecotoxicological Assessment: A Case Study of the Corumbataí River (São Paulo, Brazil)

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-328
Author(s):  
Lucineide Aparecida Maranho ◽  
Leila Teresinha Maranho ◽  
Rafael Grossi Botelho ◽  
Valdemar Luiz Tornisielo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Ceriodaphnia Dubia ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Oxygen Conductivity ◽  
Metal Levels

AbstractThe aim of this one-year study (August 2009 to July 2010) was to evaluate the Corumbataí River water polluted by anthropogenic sources and see how it affects the reproduction of the microcrustacean Ceriodaphnia dubia (Richard, 1984) in laboratory conditions over seven days of exposure to water samples collected monthly at six different locations. We determined the concentrations of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd), as well as physicochemical parameters such as dissolved oxygen, conductivity, water temperature, and pH. Dissolved oxygen and conductivity demonstrated anthropogenic influence, as dissolved oxygen concentration decreased and conductivity increased from the upstream to the downstream stretch of the river. The effects on C. dubia were observed in the months with high precipitation, but the toxicity cannot be associated with any particular contaminant. Heavy metal levels kept well below the limit values. Zn and Pb had the highest concentrations in the water during the sampling period, probably due to the industrial and agricultural influence. However, these levels do not seem to be associated with precipitation, which suggests that their primary source was industry. Physicochemical parameters, the ecotoxicological assay, and determination of heavy metals proved to be efficient tools to evaluate aquatic environments.

scholarly journals Seasonal Fluctuations of Physicochemical Characteristics of Selected Wetlands of Kogi State, North Central, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-39
Author(s):  
J. C. Ozougwu ◽  
G. U. Amana ◽  
I. Nwachukwu ◽  
C. A. Imakwu ◽  
C. U. Uzochukwu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Nonparametric Tests ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Hydrogen Ion Concentration ◽  
Significant Difference

This study is aimed at determining the physicochemical characteristics of selected wetlands of Kogi State. From each sampled wetlands (Abu’ja and Egwubi), surface water was collected and examined for the following physicochemical parameters: hydrogen ion concentration, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids and temperature (0C) using Hanna meter. Dissolved oxygen was determined using dissolved oxygen meter. The data collected was analyzed using the Statistical Packages for Social Sciences version 20.0, Paleontological Statistics version 3.14 and Microsoft Office. Physicochemical parameters studied were not normally distributed from test of normality. They were compared using Man-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis H nonparametric tests for comparisons between two and more than two groups respectively. In Abu’ja wetland, the temperature for all the months were similar except for January and December which were significantly cooler (p < 0.05); pH was similarly constant except for January and August (p < 0.05). Dissolved solids ranged from 95 to 118 ppm with similar values between months except in March. Mean electrical conductivity ranged from 0.15 to 0.22 ms/cm. These values were similar between months in Abu’ja. Significant fluctuation occurred in dissolved oxygen on monthly basis. In Egwubi study station, temperature ranged from 20oC to 31 oC, significant difference occurred between January and May and between September and November (p < 0.05), pH was also similar between months. Dissolved solids ranged from 26 to 90 ppm. Electrical conductivity ranged from 0.2 to 0.14 ms/cm. Significant differences only occurred between April and August (p < 0.05). Dissolved oxygen was similar throughout the study period. Our result indicated that the essential minerals and other physiochemical parameters are widely distributed but some are not within the normal range of portable water for humans. Both study wetlands showed low pollution, organic waste in Abu'ja site may be handled by autochthonous bacteria and through self purification of the water body. Nutrient levels are high in wetland habitats as wetlands have rich biomes and support high level of biodiversity. The water is suitable for irrigation and livestock consumption.  The presence of the plankton is a pointer to the fact that the two wetlands possess adequate water quality for establishment of great biodiversity.

Assemblage Patterns of Hymenoptera at Different Elevations of Gunung Datuk, Rembau

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Nasuha Abd Aziz ◽  
Siti Khairiyah Mohd Hatta ◽  
Idris Abd Ghani ◽  
Saiyid Jalaluddin Saiyid Shaifuddin
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Index Site ◽  
Evenness Index ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Richness Index ◽  
Paired T Test ◽  
Malaise Traps

A study on abundance and diversity of Hymenoptera was conducted in Gunung Datuk, Rembau. Samplings were conducted from November 2014 to February 2015 using six Malaise traps. Three traps were placed at Site 1 at 700m height for high elevation and the remaining traps were placed at Site 2 at 200m height for low elevation. A total number of 221 Hymenopteran were collected which consist of nine families namely Ichneumonidae, Formicidae, Braconidae, Bethylidae, Evaniidae, Tiphiidae, Vespidae, Pompilidae and Apidae. In this study, 93 individuals were obtained from Site 1, comprising nine families and 43 morphospecies while 127 individuals were obtained from Site 2 with nine families and 45 morphospecies. Formicidae was the most dominant family collected from both sites with a total of 104 individuals while the least family recorded was Apidae with only one individual. Shannon’s Weiner Diversity Index (H’) showed Site 1 had the higher diversity value with H’ = 3.17 compared to Site 2 with value H’ = 3.12. For Evenness Index, Site 1 had higher value compared to Site 2 with E’ = 0.84 and E’ = 0.82 respectively. Moreover, for Margalef Richness Index, Site 1 recorded R’ = 9.24 while site two recorded R’ = 9.08 which concluded that Site 1 had higher species richness compared to Site 2. Paired t-test showed that both sites had no significant difference with p>0.05. Overall study showed that the diversity and abundance of Hymenoptera in Gunung Datuk were low since the value of H’ is less than 3.50.

scholarly journals Snail mucus from the mantle and foot of two land snails, Lissachatina fulica and Hemiplecta distincta, exhibits different protein profile and biological activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nattaphop Noothuan ◽  
Kantamas Apitanyasai ◽  
Somsak Panha ◽  
Anchalee Tassanakajon
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Protein Pattern ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Land Snails ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types

Abstract Objective Snails secrete different types of mucus that serve several functions, and are increasingly being exploited for medical and cosmetic applications. In this study, we explored the protein pattern and compared the biological properties of the mucus secreted from the mantle collar and foot of two snail species, Lissachatina fulica and Hemiplecta distincta. Result Protein profile showed a different pattern between the two species and between the two secretory parts. The mantle-specific protein bands were further characterized and among them was an antibacterial protein, achacin. Accordingly, the mucus from the mantle exhibited the higher antibacterial activity than that from the foot in both snail species. The mucus from H. distincta, first reported here, also showed antibacterial properties, but with a lower activity compared to that for L. fulica. Snail mucus also exhibited anti-tyrosinase activity and antioxidant activity but with no significant difference between the foot and mantle mucus. These results indicate some different protein compositions and biological activities of snail slime from the mantle and foot, which might be associated with their specific functions in the animal and are useful for medical applications.

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