scholarly journals Croton zambesicus Root Extract Exert Laxative Effect in Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Jude E. Okokon ◽  
Augustine I. L. Bassey ◽  
Emmanuel E. Nyong ◽  
Utibe A. Edem
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Laxative Effect

Background: Croton zambesicus Muell Arg. (Euphorbiaceace) is a medicinal plant used traditionally in the treatment of some ailments. Aim: The root extract of Croton zambesicus was evaluated for effect on the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Materials and Methods: The root extract of C. zambesicus (27-81 mg/kg) was investigated for laxative effect in rats using different experimental models to study its effect on the GIT. Results: The extract was found to significantly increase the frequency and output of faecal matters in rats in all the experimental models studied. Conclusion: The findings of this study show that the root extract of C. zambesicus has a significant laxative effect and this supports its use in ethnomedicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal tract disorders.

Triterpenoid saponins from the cytotoxic root extract of Sideroxylon foetidissimum, an endemic Yucatecan medicinal plant

Planta Medica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Sánchez-Medina ◽  
PC Stevenson ◽  
S Habtemariam ◽  
LM Peña-Rodríguez ◽  
O Corcoran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponins

scholarly journals Nitric oxide as a mediator of gastrointestinal mucosal injury?—Say it ain't so

1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 397-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Kubes ◽  
John L. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Mucosal Blood Flow ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Radical Species ◽  
Overwhelming Evidence ◽  
Mucosal Defence

Nitric oxide has been suggested as a contributor to tissue injury in various experimental models of gastrointestinal inflammation. However, there is overwhelming evidence that nitric oxide is one of the most important mediators of mucosal defence, influencing such factors as mucus secretion, mucosal blood flow, ulcer repair and the activity of a variety of mucosal immunocytes. Nitric oxide has the capacity to down-regulate inflammatory responses in the gastrointestinal tract, to scavenge various free radical species and to protect the mucosa from injury induced by topical irritants. Moreover, questions can be raised regarding the evidence purported to support a role for nitric oxide in producing tissue injury. In this review, we provide an overview of the evidence supporting a role for nitric oxide in protecting the gastrointestinal tract from injury.

scholarly journals Intestinal Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Terpenes in Experimental Models (2010–2020): A Review

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (22) ◽  
pp. 5430
Author(s):  
Maria Elaine Araruna ◽  
Catarina Serafim ◽  
Edvaldo Alves Júnior ◽  
Clelia Hiruma-Lima ◽  
Margareth Diniz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) refer to a group of disorders characterized by inflammation in the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract, which mainly comprises Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). IBDs are characterized by inflammation of the intestinal mucosa, are highly debilitating, and are without a definitive cure. Their pathogenesis has not yet been fully elucidated; however, it is assumed that genetic, immunological, and environmental factors are involved. People affected by IBDs have relapses, and therapeutic regimens are not always able to keep symptoms in remission over the long term. Natural products emerge as an alternative for the development of new drugs; bioactive compounds are promising in the treatment of several disorders, among them those that affect the gastrointestinal tract, due to their wide structural diversity and biological activities. This review compiles 12 terpenes with intestinal anti-inflammatory activity evaluated in animal models and in vitro studies. The therapeutic approach to IBDs using terpenes acts basically to prevent oxidative stress, combat dysbiosis, restore intestinal permeability, and improve the inflammation process in different signaling pathways.

Exploring the Antimicrobial Properties Against Human Pathogens and Mode of Action of Various Extracts from Fredolia aretioides, an Endemic Medicinal Plant of Morocco and Algeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-329
Author(s):  
Btissam Bouchal ◽  
Mounia Elidrissi Errahhali ◽  
Manal Elidrissi Errahhali ◽  
Redouane Boulouiz ◽  
Meryem Ouarzane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
World Health ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Endemic Medicinal Plant ◽  
Fredolia Aretioides ◽  
Promising Source

Background: Developing new antimicrobial medicines is one of the strategic objectives of the global action plan adopted by the World Health Organization to tackle antimicrobial resistance. Objective: Considering the fact that natural products derived from medicinal plants are an important source for discovering new antimicrobial compounds, we investigated here the antimicrobial properties and the mode of action of various extracts from Fredolia aretioides, an endemic medicinal plant of Morocco and Algeria, and belonging to the Chenopodiaceae family. Methods: Various extracts from F. aretioides were prepared and evaluated for their antibacterial activity against six bacterial species, and their antifungal activity against five fungi species. Chemicalgenetic screens were performed using a collection of Saccharomyces cerevisiae viable haploid deletion mutants spanning diverse biological processes. Results: The diethyl ether extract of roots was found to be active against Citobacter freundii, with a MIC of 400 µg/ml. Hydro-methanol, methanol and residual extracts from aerial parts and roots were active against all five fungi species tested. Our results showed that residual extracts were the most effective against the fungi tested. Residual extract from aerial parts was more potent than the residual root extract, with IC50’s of 60 µg/ml and 440 µg/ml, respectively. Chemical-genetic analysis in S. cerevisiae revealed that residual extracts might affect fatty acid and sphingolipid biosynthesis. Conclusion: All these findings suggest that F. aretioides is a promising source for the isolation of novel antimicrobial agents with novel mechanisms of action against human pathogens.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Bellevalia saviczii Root Extract and Its Isolated Homoisoflavonoid (Dracol) Are Mediated by Modification on Calcium Signaling

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (18) ◽  
pp. 3376
Author(s):  
Monica Savio ◽  
Mohammed Farhad Ibrahim ◽  
Chiara Scarlata ◽  
Matteo Orgiu ◽  
Giuseppe Accardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Calcium Signaling ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Herbal Remedy ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Cytokine Release ◽  
Iraqi Kurdistan ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Bellevalia saviczii is a medicinal plant used as anti-rheumatic and anti-inflammatory herbal remedy in Iraqi-Kurdistan. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of its extract and the isolated homoisoflavonoid (Dracol) by studying the Ca2+-dependent NF-kB pathway. Nuclear translocation of p65 NF-kB subunit, as parameter of NF-kB activation, was visualized in human leukemic monocytes by immunofluorescence and Western blot analyses, after cell treatment with B. saviczii root extract or Dracol followed by Lipopolysaccharide stimulation. In parallel, Ca2+ signals responsible for NF-kB activation and levels of inflammatory cytokines were investigated. LPS-induced p65 translocation was evident in monocytes and both treatments, in particular that with Dracol, were able to counteract this activation. Intracellular Ca2+ oscillations were halted and the cytokine release reduced. These results confirm the traditional anti-inflammatory efficacy of B. saviczii and identify one of the molecules in the extract which appears to be responsible of this action.

scholarly journals PATHOGENICITY OF Blastocystis sp. TO THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT OF MICE: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INOCULUM SIZE AND PERIOD OF INFECTION

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 467-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana F. PAVANELLI ◽  
Edilson Nobuyoshi KANESHIMA ◽  
Carla F. UDA ◽  
Cristiane M. COLLI ◽  
Ana L. FALAVIGNA-GUILHERM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Blastocystis Sp ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Different Tissues

The pathogenic potential of Blastocystis sp. in experimental models requires further investigation. In this work, the pathogenicity of this parasite in the gastrointestinal tract of male Swiss mice was evaluated according to the inoculum size and period of infection. Animals were infected intragastrically, with 100, 500, 1,000, 5,000 and 10,000 Blastocystis sp. vacuolar forms obtained from a mixture of eight human isolates cultured axenically in Jones' medium. After seven, 14, 21, 28 and 60 days of infection, the animals were sacrificed and fragments of the small intestine (duodenum), large intestine, and cecum were subjected to histopathological analysis. Blastocystis sp. triggered an inflammatory response in the different tissues analyzed, with a predominance of mononuclear cells. The parasite was found in the muscular layer of the cecum, showing its invasive character. Larger inocula triggered inflammatory processes earlier (seven days) than smaller ones (from 21 days). We conclude that, in the proposed model, the pathogenicity of Blastocystis sp. isolates that were studied is related to inoculum size and period of infection.

scholarly journals Pharmaco-chemical profiling of Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC. with special reference to soil chemistry

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasobh K. Mohan ◽  
T. P. Adarsh Krishna ◽  
T. Senthil Kumar ◽  
B. D. Ranjitha Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Chemical Profiling ◽  
Query Coverage

Abstract Background Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC. (Fabaceae) (DG) is a perennial non-climbing herb or shrub and folklore medicine, widely shows a large number of medicinal properties, as well as contains divergent bioactive compounds. Many of the herbal formulations contain this medicinal plant, which is considered as master of medicinal plant in Ayurveda. This study is an attempt to establish this plant material based on its pharmaco-chemical profiles with special reference to soil chemistry. The pharmaco-chemical features such as organoleptic, DNA sequence, physicochemical, proximate, phytochemical, UV, and FTIR profiling were carried out using standard techniques. Moreover, the ADME-PK properties of the selected molecules were established. Results The pharmaco-chemical features like organoleptic, DNA sequence, physicochemical, proximate, phytochemical, UV, and FTIR profiling, ADME-PK properties, and soil chemistry of D. gangeticum revealed its unique and diagnostic peculiarities. DNA barcoding showed that the sequence was 99.77% similar to D. gangeticum (KP094638) having 100% query coverage. The soil analysis revealed the presence of moderately high content of NPK and sufficient amount of all essential macro- and micronutrients (S, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, and B). The phytochemical profiling showed that the ethanolic extract of the aerial part contained glycoside, amino acid, phenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, and coumarins, while the ethanolic root extract of the plant revealed the presence of glycoside, amino acid, phenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins, and triterpenoids. FTIR results indicated that the plant extracts are mainly rich in phenolic derivatives. ADME-PK properties of pterocarpan such as gangetin (1a), gangetinin (1b), desmocarpin (1c), and desmodin (1d) were found to pass the Lipinski, Ghose, Veber, and Egan rules, supporting the drug-likeliness. Conclusion This is the first record of pharmaco-chemical profiling of D. gangeticum along with soil chemistry, and this information helps in the proper identification and future studies on this species. Graphic abstract

Effect of Repeated Administration of Paeonia emodi Wall Root Extract in Experimental Models of Epilepsy and Behavior

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Abbas Zaid ◽  
Shadab Ahmad Path ◽  
Surender Singh ◽  
F.J. Ahmad ◽  
S.S. Jamil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Models Of Epilepsy

scholarly journals The Root Extract of the Medicinal Plant Pelargonium sidoides Is a Potent HIV-1 Attachment Inhibitor

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e87487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Helfer ◽  
Herwig Koppensteiner ◽  
Martha Schneider ◽  
Stephanie Rebensburg ◽  
Sara Forcisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Pelargonium Sidoides ◽  
Hiv 1
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document