scholarly journals Surfactant Enhanced Bioremediation of Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soils Using Alkyl Polyglucoside

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
C. E. Ezekiel ◽  
Leo C. Osuji ◽  
M. C. Onojake
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Hydrocarbon Contamination ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Alkyl Polyglycosides ◽  
Enhanced Biodegradation ◽  
Enhanced Bioremediation ◽  
Reduction Percentage ◽  
Alkyl Polyglucoside

Bioremediation is an efficient and environmentally friendly method for the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in contaminated soils. This study investigated the effects of biosurfactant alkyl polyglycosides (APG) on enhanced biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soils.  Three soil samples were contaminated with two different grades of crude oil (medium and Light). Alkyl polyglucoside was synthesised and subjected to FTIR for comfirmation of the product before it was applied in the remediation of contaminated soil. The alkyl polyglucoside is used as a treatment regime in the remediation of the hydrocarbon contamination in the three soil samples. Results of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) before remediation with bio-surfactant showed that samples contaminated with medium crude for Eneka, Ozuoba and Rukpokwu were 15744.00 mg/kg, 11359.00 mg/kg and 11470.00 mg/kg respectively and after remediation reduced to 4276.00 mg/kg, 4265.00 mg/kg, and 3205.00 mg/kg, showing a reduction percentage of 72.84%, 62.44% and 72.05% respectively. Soil samples contaminated with light crude showed result of TPH of 11339.00 mg/kg, 10662 mg/kg and 10226 mg/kg and after remediation reduced to 2981 mg/kg, 3879 mg/kg, and 4245 mg/kg respectively showing a reduction percentage of 73.71%, 63.62 % and 58.49% respectively. The enhanced efficiency of the bio-surfactant at degrading total petroleum hydrocarbons was achieved as a result of the increased solubility thus improving the bioavailability of the hydrocarbons due to the action of the alkyl polyglucoside.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soils with emphasis on the effect of petroleum hydrocarbons on the growth of plant species

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravanbakhsh Shirdam ◽  
Ali Daryabeigi Zand ◽  
Gholamreza Nabi Bidhendi ◽  
Nasser Mehrdadi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Hydrocarbon Contamination ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Polluted Soils

To date, many developing countries such as Iran have almost completely abandoned the idea of decontaminating oil-polluted soils due to the high costs of conventional (physical/chemical) soil remediation methods. Phytoremediation is an emerging green technology that can become a promising solution to the problem of decontaminating hydrocarbon-polluted soils. Screening the capacity of native tolerant plant species to grow on aged, petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soils is a key factor for successful phytoremediation. This study investigated the effect of hydrocarbon pollution with an initial concentration of 40 000 ppm on growth characteristics of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and common flax (Linum usitatissumum). At the end of the experiment, soil samples in which plant species had grown well were analyzed for total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) removal by GC-FID. Common flax was used for the first time in the history of phytoremediation of oil-contaminated soil. Both species showed promising remediation efficiency in highly contaminated soil; however, petroleum hydrocarbon contamination reduced the growth of the surveyed plants significantly. Sorghum and common flax reduced TPHs concentration by 9500 and 18500 mg kg‑1, respectively, compared with the control treatment.

Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons Categories Concentration in Soils Within the Vicinity Housing Heavy-Duty Diesel Generators in Three Universities in Port Harcourt South-South Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Diesel Generators ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel

Total petroleum hydrocarbons pollution of soil samples randomly collected from three Nigeria Universities in Port Harcourt due to the use of heavy-duty diesel generators was studied to ascertains the level of concentration of the different hydrocarbons’ categories. The soil samples were collected at two different depths of 0.00-0.50m and 0.50-1.00m. The Universities were Ignatius Ajuru University of Education (IAUE), Rivers State University (RSU) and University of Port Harcourt (UNIPORT). The different total petroleum hydrocarbons categories were Gasoline Range Organics (GRO), Diesel Range Organics (DRO) and Lube Oil Range. Soxhlet extraction method was used in extracting the samples and due column clean-up was performed for chromatographic analysis. Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector was used to determine the level of concentrations of the different categories of total petroleum hydrocarbons. The results showed that at 0.00-0.50m depth, IAUE was 4.42145, 945.4784, and 525.66919 mg/Kg for GRO, DRO and lube oil range respectively, RSU was not detected, 494.44799 and 458.6715 mg/Kg for GRO, DRO and lube oil range respectively and UNIPORT was 4.40920, 501.2246 and 467.71426 mg/Kg for GRO, DRO and lube oil range respectively. At 0.50-1.00m depth IAUE was 2.75132, 596.35126, and 311.84451 mg/Kg for GRO, DRO and lube oil range respectively, RSU was not detected, 298.06899 and 270.61619 mg/Kg for GRO, DRO and lube oil range respectively and UNIPORT was 2.77780, 301.74701 and 276.88684 mg/Kg for GRO, DRO and lube oil range respectively. The level of soil contamination Showed that GRO > DRO > lube oil range. The observation showed that hydrocarbon pollution decreased with increase in depth. The level of DRO and lube oil range in the studied areas exceeded the limit acceptable and therefore adequate steps should be taken to remedy the situation so that it will not pose any health hazard to the workers operating the heavy-duty generators.

Effect of compost in phytoremediation of diesel-contaminated soils

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Vouillamoz ◽  
M. W. Milke
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Dilution Effect ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Grass Growth ◽  
The Impact

The effect of compost on phytoremediation of diesel-contaminated soils was investigated using 130 small (200 g) containers in two screening tests. The experiments were conducted in a controlled environment using ryegrass from seed. Containers were destructively sampled at various times and analyzed for plant mass and total petroleum hydrocarbons. The results indicate that the presence of diesel reduces grass growth, and that compost helps reduced the impact of diesel on grass growth. The addition of compost helps increase diesel loss from the soils both with and without grass, though the addition of grass leads to lower diesel levels compared with controls. A second set of experiments indicates that the compost helps in phytoremediation of diesel-contaminated soil independent of the dilution effect that compost addition has. The results indicate that the compost addition allowed diesel loss down to 200 mg TPH/kg even though the compost would be expected to hold the diesel more tightly in the soil/compost mixture. The simplicity of the screening tests led to difficulties in controlling moisture content and germination rates. The conclusion of the research is that the tilling of compost into soils combined with grass seeding appears to be a valuable option for treating petroleum-contaminated soils.

scholarly journals Biodegradation Potentials of Aspergillus sydowii and Fusarium lichenicola on Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon in an Oilfield Wastewater in Rivers State

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Williams, Janet Olufunmilayo ◽  
Aleruchi Owhonka
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Culture ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aspergillus Sydowii ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Rivers State

This study investigated the potential of Aspergillus sydowii and Fusarium lichenicola as mixed cultures in the biodegradation of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons TPHs in oilfield wastewater. Oilfield wastewater was collected from an onshore oil producing platform and biodegradation of total petroleum hydrocarbons was investigated using standard methods. Fungi were isolated from oilfield wastewater contaminated soils obtained from the vicinity of the oil producing platform. Experimental control set-up and treatment with mixed culture of fungal isolates were periodically analyzed on days 7 and 21 intervals for total petroleum hydrocarbon degradation using Gas Chromatography (GC). The total amount of TPHs on day 1 recorded 381. 871 mg/l.  The amount of TPHs on days 7 and 21 in the mixed culture of fungi was 108.975 mg/l and 21.105 mg/l respectively while TPHs in control was 342.891 mg/l and 240.749 mg/l respectively. There was a significant difference between the mixed culture and the control on days 7 and 21 at p≤0.05. The results therefore revealed actual and significant reduction of TPHs in the mixed culture. In addition, there was clearance of n-alkanes by the mixed culture. This suggests that fungi have great potentials in biodegradation of TPHs and in remediation of TPH contaminated environments.

Biodegradation of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) in highly contaminated soils by natural attenuation and bioaugmentation

Chemosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 234 ◽  
pp. 864-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Thérèse Bidja Abena ◽  
Tongtong Li ◽  
Muhammad Naeem Shah ◽  
Weihong Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Natural Attenuation ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons

scholarly journals The use of vinasse as an amendment to ex-situ bioremediation of soil and groundwater contaminated with diesel oil

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 1043-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Pinto Mariano ◽  
Sérgio Henrique Rezende Crivelaro ◽  
Dejanira de Franceschi de Angelis ◽  
Daniel Marcos Bonotto
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Soil Bioremediation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Labile Carbon

This work investigated the possibility of using vinasse as an amendment in ex-situ bioremediation processes. Groundwater and soil samples were collected at petrol stations. The soil bioremediation was simulated in Bartha biometer flasks, used to measure the microbial CO2 production, during 48 days, where vinasse was added at a concentration of 33 mL.Kg-1of soil. Biodegradation efficiency was also measured by quantifying the total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) by gas chromatography. The groundwater bioremediation was carried out in laboratory experiments simulating aerated (bioreactors) and not aerated (BOD flasks) conditions. In both the cases, the concentration of vinasse was 5 % (v/v) and different physicochemical parameters were evaluated during 20 days. Although an increase in the soil fertility and microbial population were obtained with the vinasse, it demonstrated not to be adequate to enhance the bioremediation efficiency of diesel oil contaminated soils. The addition of the vinasse in the contaminated groundwaters had negative effects on the biodegradation of the hydrocarbons, since vinasse, as a labile carbon source, was preferentially consumed.

scholarly journals Association of Microbial Community Composition and Activity with Lead, Chromium, and Hydrocarbon Contamination

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 3859-3866 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Shi ◽  
J. Becker ◽  
M. Bischoff ◽  
R. F. Turco ◽  
A. E. Konopka
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Hydrocarbon Contamination ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Microbial C

ABSTRACT Microbial community composition and activity were characterized in soil contaminated with lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), and hydrocarbons. Contaminant levels were very heterogeneous and ranged from 50 to 16,700 mg of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) kg of soil−1, 3 to 3,300 mg of total Cr kg of soil−1, and 1 to 17,100 mg of Pb kg of soil−1. Microbial community compositions were estimated from the patterns of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA); these were considerably different among the 14 soil samples. Statistical analyses suggested that the variation in PLFA was more correlated with soil hydrocarbons than with the levels of Cr and Pb. The metal sensitivity of the microbial community was determined by extracting bacteria from soil and measuring [3H]leucine incorporation as a function of metal concentration. Six soil samples collected in the spring of 1999 had IC50 values (the heavy metal concentrations giving 50% reduction of microbial activity) of approximately 2.5 mM for CrO4 2− and 0.01 mM for Pb2+. Much higher levels of Pb were required to inhibit [14C]glucose mineralization directly in soils. In microcosm experiments with these samples, microbial biomass and the ratio of microbial biomass to soil organic C were not correlated with the concentrations of hydrocarbons and heavy metals. However, microbial C respiration in samples with a higher level of hydrocarbons differed from the other soils no matter whether complex organic C (alfalfa) was added or not. The ratios of microbial C respiration to microbial biomass differed significantly among the soil samples (P < 0.05) and were relatively high in soils contaminated with hydrocarbons or heavy metals. Our results suggest that the soil microbial community was predominantly affected by hydrocarbons.

scholarly journals Determination of total petroleum hydrocarbons in soil from different locations using infrared spectrophotometry and gas chromatography

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Paíga ◽  
Lurdes Mendes ◽  
José Albergaria ◽  
Cristina Delerue-Matos
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Ir Analysis

AbstractTotal petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) are important environmental contaminants which are toxic to human and environmental receptors. Several analytical methods have been used to quantify TPH levels in contaminated soils, specifically through infrared spectrometry (IR) and gas chromatography (GC). Despite being two of the most used techniques, some issues remain that have been inadequately studied: a) applicability of both techniques to soils contaminated with two distinct types of fuel (petrol and diesel), b) influence of the soil natural organic matter content on the results achieved by various analytical methods, and c) evaluation of the performance of both techniques in analyses of soils with different levels of contamination (presumably non-contaminated and potentially contaminated). The main objectives of this work were to answer these questions and to provide more complete information about the potentials and limitations of GC and IR techniques. The results led us to the following conclusions: a) IR analysis of soils contaminated with petrol is not suitable due to volatilisation losses, b) there is a significant influence of organic matter in IR analysis, and c) both techniques demonstrated the capacity to accurately quantify TPH in soils, irrespective of their contamination levels.

scholarly journals Biodegradation of total petroleum hydrocarbons in contaminated soils using indigenous bacterial consortium

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-133
Author(s):  
Yalda Basim ◽  
Ghasemali Mohebali ◽  
Sahand Jorfi ◽  
Ramin Nabizadeh ◽  
Mehdi Ahmadi Moghadam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Bacterial Consortium ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
And Control ◽  
Similar Texture

Background: Biodegradation of hydrocarbon compounds is a great environmental concern due to their toxic nature and ubiquitous occurrence. In this study, biodegradation potential of oily soils was investigated in an oil field using indigenous bacterial consortium. Methods: The bacterial strains present in the contaminated and non-contaminated soils were identified via DNA extraction using 16S rDNA gene sequencing during six months. Furthermore, total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) were removed from oil-contaminated soils. The TPH values were determined using a gas chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Results: The bacterial consortium identified in oil-contaminated soils (case) belonged to the families Halomonadaceae (91.5%) and Bacillaceae (8.5%), which was significantly different from those identified in non-contaminated soils (control) belonging to the families Enterobacteriaceae (84.6%), Paenibacillaceae (6%), and Bacillaceae (9.4%). It was revealed that the diversity of bacterial strains was less in oil-contaminated soils and varied significantly between case and control samples. Indigenous bacterial consortium was used in oil-contaminated soils without need for amplification of heterogeneous bacteria and the results showed that the identified bacterial strains could be introduced as a sufficient consortium for biodegradation of oil-contaminated soils with similar texture, which is one of the innovative aspects of this research. Conclusion: An oil-contaminated soil sample with TPH concentration of 1640 mg/kg was subjected to bioremediation during 6 months using indigenous bacterial consortium and a TPH removal efficiency of 28.1% was obtained.

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