scholarly journals Comparative Studies on Phytochemicals and Physicochemical Compositions of Chrysophyllum albidum G: Don Seeds Oil and Edible Commercial Oil

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-33
Author(s):  
Basirat O. Rafiu ◽  
Opeyemi A. Agboadediran ◽  
Yetunde O. Babalola ◽  
Ibraheem O. Lawal
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Pharmaceutical Chemistry ◽  
Chemistry Laboratory ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Forestry Research ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Research Institute

Aims: This study was designed to compare the extractable yield of Chrysophyllum albidum seed oil, the phytoconstituents, and physicochemical parameters with the commercially available vegetable oil, to ascertain their suitability for human consumption and industrial uses. Place and Duration of Study: Biomedicinal Research Centre, Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria in collaboration with the Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria, between October, 2018 to July, 2019. Methodology: The seeds were collected from two locations (a parent tree in the Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria (FRIN) and as well procured at Akesan market in Oyo town (Oyo) all in Oyo State, Nigeria. The experiments were executed adopting the standard procedures. The air-dried powdered C. albidum seed was cold macerated with analytical grade N-Hexane. The oils were purified using activated charcoal and qualitatively screened to ascertain the phytochemicals in them. Physico-chemical parameters were quantitatively determined following AOAC guidelines. Results: The results revealed that C. albidum is a low oil yielding seed especially when cold maceration was employed. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, anthraquinones, terpenoids, and cardiac glycosides in all the oils. Saponins were found only in the oil from the FRIN source. While tannins and flavonoids were absent in all the oils. The physico-chemical parameters revealed the ranges of 0.90 - 9.45 mgKOH/g (Acid value), 101.90 - 356.60 mgKOH/g (saponification value), 65.30 - 78.00 mg/g (iodine value), 101.00 - 348.50 (ester value), 2.93 - 6.21 (PH value), 0.787 - 0.900g/cm3 (Relative density) and 1.4590 - 1.6560 (Refractive index @280C). Conclusion: It can be deduced that there are disparities in the yield, phytoconstituents and the physico-chemicals of the oils used for this study. Further research is needed on the C. albidum oil to validate its edibility and affirm its medicinal uses.

Controlled and uncontrolled physicochemical quality indicators of 0.9 % sodium chloride of various manufacturers

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Anton Kasatkin ◽  
Anna Nigmatullina ◽  
Mikhail Kopytov
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Pharmacokinetics And Pharmacodynamics ◽  
Physicochemical Quality ◽  
Physico Chemical

The article presents the results of studies of osmolality and pH of 0,9 % sodium chloride of various manufacturers. To obtain data on the pH value, the data used in the passports are used, and the indicators of its osmolality are de- termined using laboratory tests. 0,9 % sodium chloride from different manufacturers has different pH and osmolality. Knowing the actual values of physico-chemical parameters can increase the accuracy of the results of future clinical studies, which compare the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of modern plasma-substituting solutions and a solution of 0,9 % sodium chloride.

scholarly journals Some indicators of water quality of the Tamis river

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Babovic ◽  
Dejan Markovic ◽  
Vojkan Dimitrijevic ◽  
Dragan Markovic
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical

This paper shows the results obtained in field analysis performed at the Tamis River, starting from the settlement Jasa Tomic - border between Serbia and Romania to Pancevo - confluence of Tamis into the Danube. The Tamis is a 359 km long river rising in the southern Carpathian Mountains. It flows through the Banat region and flows into the Danube near Pancevo. During the years the water quality of the river has severely deteriorated and badly affected the environment and the river ecosystem. In situ measurements enabled determination of physico-chemical parameters of water quality of the Tamis River on every 400 m of the watercourse, such as: water temperature, pH value, electrical conductivity, contents of dissolved oxygen and oxygen saturation. The main reason of higher pollution of Tamis is seen in connection to DTD hydro system. Sampling was performed at 7 points with regard to color, turbidity, total hardness, alkalinity, concentration of ammonium nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, iron, chlorides and sulphates in samples. The aim of the present work was to evaluate water quality in the Tamis River taking into account significant pollution, which originates from settlements, industry and agriculture, and to suggest appropriate preventive measures to further pollution decreasing of the river's water.

scholarly journals Development of water quality index of ex-mining ponds in Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isa Baba Koki ◽  
Sharifuddin Md Zain ◽  
Low Kah Hin ◽  
Azman Azid ◽  
Hafizan Juahir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Metal Pollutants ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Klang Valley ◽  
Mining Water ◽  
Quality Status

In this paper, a study on the development  of water quality index of ex-mining ponds was carried out for proper assessment  and utilization of the abundant ex-mining ponds in Malaysia. Heavy metals were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrophotometer (ICPMS), and physico chemical parameters were analyzed in-situ. Chemometric analysis was successfully applied for the parameter selection process. The water quality index of existing Malaysian river did not accommodate the toxic metal pollutants that dominanted in ex-mining water. The acceptable index should therefore incorporate the metal pollutants in order to evaluate the quality status of ex-mining water for human consumption which is the major point of consideration. Two water quality indices were developed to assess the water quality status of ex-mining ponds with reference to Malaysia’s water quality standard (INWQS). The heavy metal index was comprised of contribution from Pb, As, and Cd as the selected metals, while the physico-chemical parameter index has BOD, pH, DO, and AN. Chemometric analysis revealed the dominance of the selected heavy metals in ex-mining water, and physico-chemical parameters were important in water quality monitoring. Heavy metal water quality index revealed that most ex-mining ponds in Klang Valley were classified to be very poor hence could not be used for human consumption. Due to domestic input in some of the lakes in Klang Valley, the physico-chemical water quality index was in very poor status as well.  In Melaka and Negeri Sembilan, ex-mining ponds and lakes were classified as excellent in both indices.    

scholarly journals Experimental Results Regarding the Groundwater Quality in Bacau City, Romania

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 3378-3382
Author(s):  
Oana Tirtoaca (Irimia) ◽  
Mirela Panainte Lehadus ◽  
Valentin Nedeff ◽  
Ion Sandu ◽  
Claudia Tomozei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Sampling Points ◽  
Admissible Limit

The state of groundwater in terms of quality and quantity are a fundamental importance in urban areas. This paper aims to identify qualitative status of groundwater in Bacau city. To determine groundwater quality in Bacau city were taken samples from ten sources. Physico-chemical parameters chosen for making determinations are represented by ammonium, magnesium, manganese, nitrite and total nitrogen. After performing of measurements, it was observe that the admissible limit values of water quality parameters were exceeded in all ten sampling points. It has been established so that any source of groundwater in Bacau is not recommend for human consumption. In this regard, it is recommended to order measures by the competent authorities for the safety and health of the population.

scholarly journals Monitoring the physico-chemical parameters of cabbage heads during fermentation: the impact of fermentation conditions and cabbage varieties

2018 ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
Mirna Draskovic ◽  
Anita Vakula ◽  
Zdravko Sumic ◽  
Tatjana Danicic ◽  
Marija Jokanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Starter Culture ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Fermentation Conditions ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Impact

The influence of different fermentation conditions and cabbage hybrids and variety, ?Tenacity?, ?Bravo? and ?Futoski?, on physico-chemical properties of cabbage heads was studied in this research. Experiment was set up in industrial conditions. Samples 1T, 4B and 7F were obtained by spontaneous fermentation with 3.3% NaCl solution, samples 2T, 5B and 8F were obtained with brine from previous cabbage fermentation and samples 3T, 6B and 9F were treated with 100 mL of lactic-acid starter culture onto 3.3% NaCl solution. Previous cabbage fermentation was done with 3.3% of salt solution and final percentage of salt in brine used for investigation was 2.57%. Cabbage samples were taken after 0, 3, 6, 12, 24 days and at the end of fermentation process (44th day for one group of samples and 55th day for the other) in order to determine total color and texture changes. Temperature and pH value were analyzed during the fermentation process, while water activity (aw) and total sugars content were analyzed for raw cabbage samples and on the last fermentation day. 44th day was determined as the end of fermentation for six samples, and 55th day for three samples, by measuring remaining sugar content. Considering into account all obtained results and fermentation conditions, sample 9F shown the best properties at the last fermentation day in terms of investigated physico-chemical parameters. aw value, shear force, total color change, pH value and total sugar content of this sample on the last fermentation day were 0.958, 14672 g, 8.46, 3.45 and 0.92%, respectively.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Physico-Chemical Parameters of Borehole, Pond and Well Water in Kashere Metropolis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Abdulkadir A. Gidado ◽  
Ibrahim Halliru ◽  
Christiana Anawuese Kendeson ◽  
Yusuf Abdullahi
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Major Cations ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
High Turbidity

In a bid to ascertain the quality of water for human consumption in Kashere Metropolis, essential physico-chemical parameters were evaluated on samples of drinking water obtained from boreholes, pond and wells located at densely populated areas, labelled as: Kashere cattle market Pond, KP; Kashere cottage Hospital Borehole, HB; Kashere Market Borehole, MB; Federal University, Kashere (FUK) campus Borehole, CB; Kashere cottage Hospital Well, HW; Kashere Market Well, MW and FUK campus Well, CW. Standard procedure for the determination of chemical and physical characteristics of the water samples were used. The results of the investigated parameters in the samples were as follows: ρH 6.61‒7.96, Turbidity 0.0‒2568 FTU, Electrical Conductivity 60.5‒1151 Mhocm-1, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) 25.9‒518.0 mgL-1, Ca 0.0033‒0.5446 ppm, Mg 0.0793‒1.2215 ppm, Cd 0.0010‒0.0030 ppm, Zn 0.0024‒0.l054 ppm, Pb 0.0002‒0.0026 ppm and Fe 0.0044‒0.5649 ppm. Except for the concentration of Fe (in CB; 0.5649 ppm), all the analyzed minor and major cations in the water samples were in very low concentration and below the permissible limits of WHO standard guidelines values for drinking water.  It is recommended that, water from the pond should be properly treated before consumption due to its high turbidity.  Also periodic assessment of the quality of drinking water from these water sources should be conducted, to ascertain that they are not contaminated by either or both organic and inorganic pollutants.

scholarly journals Impact Des Facteurs De Pollution Sur La Qualite Des Eaux De La Zone Aval De La Vallee De L’oued Nekor (Al-Hoceima, Maroc)

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Fouad Dimane ◽  
Khadija Haboubi ◽  
Issam Hanafi ◽  
Abdelouahad El Himri ◽  
Kaouthar Andaloussi
Keyword(s):  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Nitrate Pollution ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Al Hoceima ◽  
Total Bacteria

Water is a precious and essential natural resource for multiple uses. Its use for food or hygiene requires excellent physicochemical and microbiological quality. To assess the quality of well water for human consumption in the Al Hoceima region which is located in North of Morocco, a physico-chemical and bacteriological control was carried out on the basis of 10 water samples from wells in this area. The analyzes were performed on these samples by measuring the following physic-chemical parameters: temperature, pH, electric conductivity (EC), chloride (Cl -),dissolved oxygen, nitrate (NO3 -), and possibly seeking unwanted bacteria (total bacteria, total coliforms, fecal coliforms, fecal streptococci). The samples were analyzed systematically to measure all the physicochemical indicators of pollution. Correlation between pollution parameters were conducted to give a reponse element on the main causes pollution. The results performed analysis, revealed a pollution of an agricultural origin. This is confirmed by the maximum levels of chlorides, which exceed 2640 mg/l, thereby explaining the high conductivity levels (4800μs/cm). In addition 14% of analyzed wells have nitre levels 50mg/l nitrate pollution a not alarming. However, if a pollution of agricultural origin is mentioned, the lithological contribution can not be neglected on the results obtained.

scholarly journals Physico-Chemical, Microbiological and Sensory Changes in Sun-dried Trichogaster fasciata During Storage

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 1568
Author(s):  
Md. Golam Rasul ◽  
Bhaskar Chandra Majumdar ◽  
Faria Afrin ◽  
Mueena Jahan ◽  
Chunhong Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Polyethylene Bags

Sun dried (T. fasciata) was stored with airtight polyethylene bags at room temperature to investigate the changes in physical, chemical, microbiological and sensory characteristics for 90 days. Sensory and physical (water reconstitution, pH) characteristics of dried T. fasciata showed that the product was acceptable up to 60 days of storage. Moisture content of T. fasciata was significantly increased from 15.06% to 17.80% during the storage period. No significant difference was observed in protein, lipid and ash content on dry matter basis during storage. However, amount of lipids of the dried fish was slightly decreased with the increasing of storage time. The pH value of dried T. fasciata was decreased significantly from 6.51 to 5.94 during the storage period. The peroxide value was increased from 13.84 to 27.87 meq/Kg of lipid. Similarly, acid value and conjugated diene of the lipids were increased significantly, and this result suggested that lipid oxidation occurred over this period of time. Microbial load was also increased from 1.13 to 8.37 log CFU/g with the increasing of storage time. Results of this study showed that the product was oxidized marginally during the storage period and suitable for human consumption up to 60 days.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF DIFFERENT SHODHIT GUGGUL

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 247
Author(s):  
Mayuree A. Patel ◽  
Sanjeev R Acharya ◽  
Carol P. Macwan ◽  
Tejas B. Patel ◽  
B. N. Suhagia
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Analytical Results ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Standard Value ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Physicochemical Data

Objective: The present study was aimed to identify the physicochemical data of shodhit guggul. Guggul is a gum-resin exudate from the plant Commiphora weightii (Arn.) Bhandari, belonging to Burseraceae family. In Ayurveda, guggul is always purified. This purification is known as Shodhan. Shodhan is a process by which guggul is made non-toxic, effective, suitable and fit for therapeutic purposes.Methods: The seven different shodhan dravya were used to prepare shodhit guggul. They were evaluated by performing physicochemical parameters including five different extractive value; total ash, acid insoluble, water soluble and sulphated ash value; pH, and loss on drying.Results: Analytical results of raw guggul showed total ash, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash and sulphated ash value to 5.36±0.04%, 0.96±0.03%, 4.51±0.03 % and 8.40±0.04% respectively. These all values of each shodhit guggul were different. The extractive value of raw guggul was comparable with standard value while the extractive value of each shodhit guggul was totally different. The pH value of 1% w/v and 10% w/v aqueous solution of raw guggul was 6.44±0.18 though pH of each shodhit guggul was changed. The loss on drying of raw guggul was found to be 1.88±0.02%w/v, however, this value was different for each shodhit guggul.Conclusion: The present study revealed that the different shodhan process with specific shodhan dravya affects the physicochemical parameters. The analysis and comparison of the data showed the difference in the properties of seven shodhit guggul with respect to raw Guggul.

scholarly journals Appraisal of Quality of Groundwater in Selected Sites in the Villages of Veeraghattam Mandal in Srikakulam District, Andhra Pradesh, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1279-1291
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Magnesium Fluoride ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

The Potability of groundwater in selected location sites in the villages of Veeraghattam (VGT) Mandal of Srikakulam district, Andhra Pradesh has been investigated and obtained Water Quality Index (WQI) results are presented in this paper. Several Physico-chemical parameters like pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), turbidity, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Hardness, calcium, magnesium, fluoride, chloride, dissolved oxygen, total alkalinity, and nitrite were experimentally determined from the samples and also to compute WQI. The results of WQI computation infer that the quality of groundwater in selected site locations in rural communities in Veeraghattam Mandal is rated as “good” for human consumption. Correlation between various parameters has also been computed, and the results are presented.

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