scholarly journals Effect of Processing Methods on Proximate Composition of Cassava Varieties Manihot esculenta (Crantz) Before and After Infestation by Prostephanus truncatus (Horn)

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
Eze U. Miriam ◽  
N. J. Okonkwo ◽  
Iroka F. Chisom
Keyword(s):  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Prostephanus Truncatus ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cassava Varieties

In Africa, Prostephanus truncatus is a destructive pest of economic importance which has assumed a serious pest status on stored maize and dry cassava chips. This study investigates the effect of processing methods of cassava varieties Manihot esculenta on the proximate composition before and after exposure to P. truncatus. The four cassava varieties used for this study were; TMS 0505, TME 419, NR 8082 and TMS 0581 subjected to two processing method parboiling and plain sun-drying at temperature 28-34oC and relative humidity of 65-75%. The experiment was carried out in a Complete Randomized Design. Proximate composition was carried out to determine the Moisture, Ash, Crude fibre, Fat, Crude Protein and Carbohydrate of the different samples. Analysis of Variance was used for the statistical analysis of the data obtained. The result reveals that the proximate composition of the sundried chips are significant at P<0.05%. All the proximate contents of the sample were significant at P<0.05% before the introduction of P. trucatus. After the introduction of P. truncatus and the storage period of 30days, the sundried sample had a higher reduction in the moisture contents of TMS 0505 with 13.05±0.00a and carbohydrate contents of NR 8082 with 50.0±0.00a. The activity of P. truncatus also has a negative impact on some of the nutritional components of cassava chips.

ANALYSIS OF GENETIC DIVERSITY OF 26 CASSAVA VARIETIES (Manihot esculenta CRANTZ) WITH DIFFERENT RESPONSES TO WATERLOGGING CONDITIONS BY USING RAPD MARKERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-179
Author(s):  
Sengsoulichan Dethvongsa ◽  
Vu Nguyen Anh ◽  
Van Tran Khanh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Flood Tolerance ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Cassava Production ◽  
Cassava Varieties

RAPD (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA) is an indicator for high and stable polymorphism, widely used in the study of the diversity of cassava. In this paper, the results of using 20 polymorphic primers OPK combined with the establishment of the phylogenetic tree to analyze the genetic diversity of 26 cassava varieties with different responses to waterlogging conditions by using the RAPD-PCR technique were presented. The purpose of this experiment was to show the genetic relevance of the studied cassava varieties. The results showed that the flood tolerance of cassava was not related to the polymorphism and branching characteristics of the stem. This information may be use as a basis for selecting flood-tolerant cassava varieties for cassava production, as well as the basis for selecting genetically different parents for breeding.

scholarly journals UJI DAYA HASIL UBIKAYU (Manihot esculenta Crantz) VARIETAS UJ5 PADA BERBAGAI UMUR PANEN

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Palupi Puspitorini ◽  
Dyah Pitaloka ◽  
Tri Kurniastuti
Keyword(s):  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Index Number ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Tuber Crop ◽  
Cassava Varieties

This study aims to find out the results of cassava tuber crop UJ5 variety at different harvest ages. Research direction is that cassava varieties have been planted throughout Indonesia as the best producer of cassava varieties. High levels of starch and high HCN content makes this variety was selected by the factory - tapioca factory in Indonesia. Research design used randomized block design with 7 treatments of harvesting (UP) were repeated 3 times. UP6 (harvesting 6 MAP), UP7 (harvesting 7 MAP), UP8 (harvesting 8 MAP), UP9 (harvesting 9 MAP), UP10 (harvesting 10 MAP), UP11 (harvesting 11 MAP), UP12 ( harvesting 12 MAP). The research variables are the fresh weight of tuber, tuber starch content (%), the weight of biomass, harvest index, number of tubers per plant. The results showed that the best harvesting time is UP9 the results did not differ with UP10, UP11 and UP12

scholarly journals Composition of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) and the Rheological Characteristics of its Starch

1969 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Rodríguez-Sosa ◽  
O. Parsi-Ros ◽  
M. A. González
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Tuberous Root ◽  
Hydrocyanic Acid ◽  
Rheological Characteristics ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Toxicity Level

Proximate composition of two edible commercial varieties of cassava (M. esculenta Crantz) grown in Puerto Rico, and the rheological characteristics of their starch were determined. These included variety Pana which has a light tan skin and a dark-skinned variety known as Zenón, or Yuca Negra de Maca (Black Maca cassava), in the Dominican Republic. Proximate composition was found to be about the same for both varieties. Hydrocyanic acid content was well below the toxicity level (50 to 100 mg HCN/kg of fresh-peeled tuberous root). Although pasting temperatures were the same for both varieties (63° C), viscosity values of the starch of Pana variety were somewhat higher than those of Zenón.

scholarly journals Effects of traditional fish processing methods on the proximate composition and ph of fish Black pomfret (Parastromateus niger)

10.5219/1294 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 271-276
Author(s):  
Ali Aberoumand
Keyword(s):  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Frozen Storage ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Fish Processing ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Nutritive Composition ◽  
Traditional Processing ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Parastromateus Niger

Fish is an important food in many Iranian diets. This is a good source of protein. Fish is the main source of animal protein in Iran. The effects of three different traditional processing methods (freezing, brining and frying) on nutritive composition of halva sia fish stored under ambient room conditions were determined. Fresh halva sia fish were obtained from Behbahan fish market. Cooking and processing techniques were carried out on fish Halva sia Parastromateus niger. The proximate composition of raw Parastromateus niger was affected by cooking and processing techniques that were carried out by AOAC methods. Moisture contents decreased in fried and brined fillet while protein, fat and ash contents were significantly increased in fried fillet. The loss of moisture in fried and brined samples amounted to the highest levels; also the protein and fat value was proportionally high. The fish Parastromateus niger showed a decrease in their contents of moisture and fat as affected by frozen storage periods while ash and protein contents were increased after frozen storage periods. The nutritional value fish Parastromateus niger preserved until the end of the storage period.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Iron Concentration of Five Nigerian Shrubs for their Prospective use in the Therapy of Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Obika Ogochukwu Immaculate ◽  
Ochekwu Edache Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz

Medicinal herbs are commonly being used in the treatment of anemia traditionally and Jatropha tanjorensis Ellis & Saroja, Vernonia amygdalina Delile, Manihot esculenta Crantz, Megaskepasma erythrochlamys Lindau, Solanum macrocarpon L. are local shrubs mostly employed. This study aims to analyze the prospective use of some local shrubs in the therapy of Iron Deficiency Anemia. The proximate composition analysis and the iron content in leaves of the shrubs were determined following the methods of the association of official analytical chemists (A.O.A.C). The results obtained for iron concentration show Jatropha tanjorensis 3.11g/kg, Vernonia amygdalina 1.64g/kg, Manihot esculenta 0.57g/kg, Megaskepasma erythrochlamys 1.23g/kg, and Solanum macrocarpon 2.75g/kg. The range of proximate composition as; protein had Megaskepasma erythrochlamys as the lowest value 3.97% and Vernonia amygdalina as the highest value 50.64%, fat & oil content showed Jatropha tanjorensis with the highest value 1.04% and Megaskepasma erythrochlamys having the lowest value 29.77%, Fiber content showed Vernonia amygdalina has the highest value 1.81% and Solanum macrocarpon has the lowest 12.08%, the carbohydrate content showed Megaskepasma erythrochlamys as the lowest value 2.39% and Manihot esculenta as the highest value 21.02%, and the moisture content showed Manihot esculenta has the lowest value 9.98% and Megaskepasma erythrochlamys has the highest value 83.25%. All five plants have great potential for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Organoleptic Properties of Bread Produced From Composite Flower Mix of Triticum aestivum and Manihot esculenta Crantz (P04-023-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Too-Chukwu Okere ◽  
Patrick Ogbonna ◽  
Obinna Adumanya ◽  
Chidimma Ajuru ◽  
Charles Nkwoala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Composite Flour ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Organoleptic Properties ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Sensory Score

Abstract Objectives This work evaluated the chemical composition and organoleptic properties of bread produced from composite flour of wheat (Triticum aestivum) (W) and yellow cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) (Yc). Methods Raw yellow cassava from Imo State Polytechnic farm was processed into flour using the method of Singh (2008) while already processed plain wheat flour (Golden Penny brand) and other ingredients were purchased from relief Market Owerri. Standard recipe was used in making the bread in different ratios. Standard methods were used to assay the chemical compositions while organoleptic attributes were determined using a 9-point hedonic scale on the bread produced from composite mix of wheat (W) and yellow cassava (Yc) flours at varied ratios. The chemical components evaluated were moisture, ash, fat, crude fibre, protein, carbohydrate and pro-vitamin A, while the organoleptic properties assayed were crust colour, flavor, taste, crumb texture and overall acceptability. The W: Yc flours mix ratios were 70%: 30%, 80%: 20%, 90%: 10% and 100% wheat respectively as the control, while data collected were analyzed using one way ANOVA. Results The results (Table 1) revealed that carbohydrate value ranged from 61.83% to 63.27%, protein 2.83% to 3.92%, fat 14.86% to 17.86% while crude fibre was 1.01% to 1.99%. Protein value was highest (3.92%) in sample D (100%) while sample B (80%W: 20% Yc) had the least fat content (14.86%). Crude fibre content differed significantly (P˂0.05) among the samples. The provitamin A values (Table 1) increased with increased levels of yellow cassava flour with highest value (0.23%) found in sample A (70%W: 30% Yc). Sensory properties were significantly different (P < 0.05) on all attributes and overall acceptability, while sensory score for crust colour of the bread samples varied insignificantly (P > 0.05) (Table 2). Generally, sample C (90%W: 10% Yc) having 8.10 score for overall acceptability was most preferred (Table 2). Conclusions The results showed that bread produced from wheat and yellow cassava composite flour mix had improved nutritional and organoleptic properties. Funding Sources Self funded by authors.

Percentage preference/proximate composition of some plants species used as livestock feed in Idemili South, Anambra State

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
C.H. Adawai ◽  
C.G. Ukpaka ◽  
B.C. Chinyere
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Colocasia Esculenta ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Livestock Feed ◽  
Tridax Procumbens

The study assessed percentage preference and proximate composition of some selected plant species in Idemili South Area of Anambra State. Plants were identified and collected for herbarium preparation. A total of 23 different species belonging to 16 families were identified. These consisted of 11 trees, 4 shrubs, 3 herbs and 3 grasses. These plants were harvested, processed and stored separately. A 25 gm portion of each plant was measured and administered to 3 matured goats per day. The feeding trial lasted for 23 days. The frequency and rate of consumption of each plant was determined using a stop watch. The results showed that Manihot esculenta representing 73.3 % was highly preferred plant by all the animals while Colocasia esculenta having 18.7 % was moderately preferred. Proximate composition of the fodder was determined using standard method and results revealed that protein content ranged from 5.85% in Tridax procumbens and 23.86% in Desmodium scorpiurus. Lipid content ranged between 1.31 % and 8.37 % for Carica papaya and Manihot esculenta respectively while crude fibre content ranged from 8.09 to 33.01% in Tridax procumbens and Pennisetum purpureum respectively. The highest ash content (11.28 %) was recorded in Colocasia esculenta while the least level (2.17 %) in Tridax procumbens. Also, moisture content was observed to be highest in Manihot esculenta (10.29 %) and least in Dialium guineensis, while carbohydrate contents ranged between 13.41 % and 67.82 % for Persea americana and Tridax procumbens respectively. It could be concluded that plant species under this study were found to be rich in essential nutrients but Vernonia amygdalina, Amaranthus spinosus, Manihot esculenta, Ficus elasticoides and Milicia excelsa were most preferred plant species by experimental animals. Keywords: Plant species, goat, livestock feed, proximate composition, Idemili South Area

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