scholarly journals Assessment of Some Haematological, Coagulation and Immune Parameters among Male Oil Refinery Workers in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
Ehiaghe-Shepherd, Bridget Obofoni ◽  
Christian, Serekara Gideon ◽  
Eze, Evelyn Mgbeoma
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Prothrombin Time ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Immune Parameters ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rivers State

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the levels of some hematological, coagulation and immune parameters among male oil refinery workers in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Study Design: This study is a cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH), Port Harcourt, Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria Limited and Modular Oil Refinery, Rivers State, between January 2021 and September 2021. Methodology: A total of one hundred (100) subjects (50 oil and gas workers as test subjects and 50 non-oil and gas workers as control subjects), were enrolled in the study. The convenient sampling technique was employed in the study. Venous blood samples were collected from all subjects and tested for Prothrombin Time (PT), Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT), Fibrinogen concentration, Full Blood Count (FBC) (Haemoglobin (Hb), Packed Cell Volume (PCV), Total White Blood Cell (WBC) count, Lymphocyte, Neutrophils, monocytes and Platelet Count), CD4 cell count, CD3 cell count and CD8 cell count. Data generated were analyzed statistically using Graph-Pad Prism, Version 8.0.2. Results: There was statistically significant decrease (P<.001) in Prothrombin time (PT) (11.55±0.73s), International Normalized Ratio (INR) (0.85±0.05), Fibrinogen (202.4±27.4mg/dl), Platelet count (185.6±37.1(103/μl)) and Neutrophils (46.6±6.4%) in oil refinery workers exposed to gas flare, while there was a statistical significant increase in APTT (31.8±4.15s), Hb (13.7±1.0g/dl), PCV (41.1±3.2%), Monocytes (8.4±3.0%) in subjects exposed to gas flare over control subjects with Prothrombin time(12.23±0.82s), INR(0.90±0.06), Fibrinogen(252.0±57.0mg/dl), platelet count(213.3±49.5(103/μl)) and Neutrophils(52.6±11.7%). Other parameters showed no statistical significant difference at P<.05 in both test and control subjects. Comparison of the mean ± standard deviation of the studied parameters in test subjects based on age using Analysis of Variance showed no statistically significant difference in all parameters at P<.05. Also, Comparison of the mean ± standard deviation of the studied parameters in test subjects based on duration of Exposure using Analysis of Variance showed a significant decrease in CD8 cells as the years of exposure increase (2-5years exposure = 865±319, 6-10years exposure = 579±288, 11-20 years exposure = 591± 286, F- Value = 3.869, P- Value = 0.0278). Conclusion: In conclusion, based on the findings, some haematogical, coagulation and immune parameters increased while others decreased in male oil refinery workers and duration of exposure can also be considered as a risk factor and age was considered not a risk factor as to cause any aberrations in the studied parameters.

scholarly journals Abnormal Changes in Some Haemostatic Parameters in First-ever Stroke Patients in Port Harcourt, Nigeria: A Preliminary Findings

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Fiekumo Igbida Buseri ◽  
Serekara Gideon Christian ◽  
Evelyn Mgbeoma Eze
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Prothrombin Time ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen

Background and Purpose: Cellular component and clotting factors are involved in thrombotic events such as stroke, but the type and nature of alteration of those haemostatic parameters remain unclear. Our objective was to identify possible abnormal changes in some haemostatic parameters in established stroke patients. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective case-control study conducted at Braithwaite Memorial Specialist Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Standard operating procedures were adopted to assay fibrinogen, antithrombin, tissue plasminogen activator, prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time as well as the determination of platelet count and platelet indices. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 17.0 software. Results: A total of 108 individuals comprised of 54 stroke patients aged between 45 and 73 years (mean, 59± 13.04 years), 20 (37.04%) men and 34 (62.96%) women and another 54 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects were studied. Significantly (p<0.05) higher mean values of mean platelet volume (MPPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), Platelet larger cell ratio (PLCR), antithrombin, tissue plasminogen activator and fibrinogen were observed in the stroke patients when compared to those of the control subjects. Whereas, significantly lower (p<0.05) mean values of platelet count, prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time were observed in the stroke patients than in those of the control subjects. Conclusion: Several haemostatic parameters were found to be altered in stroke patients and have the potential to be risk factors but have not been demonstrated as being causative. Further work is needed to establish where they begin to contribute to stroke prognosis.

scholarly journals Malaria Infection and Efficacy of Antimalarials among Persons Patronizing Drugstores for Malaria Treatment in Port Harcourt

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
E. L. Augustine–D ’israel ◽  
A. E. Abah ◽  
E. O. Onosakponome
Keyword(s):  
Case Management ◽  
Malaria Infection ◽  
Drug Efficacy ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Malaria Treatment ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rivers State ◽  
And Control ◽  
Effective Case

Background: Monitoring of malaria infection and antimalarial drug efficacy is necessary for effective case management, detection of resistance and control of the disease. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess malaria infection and the efficacy of antimalarials among persons patronizing drugstores for malaria treatment in Port Harcourt and its environs, Rivers State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Whole blood was randomly collected from individuals visiting 24 drug stores for malaria treatment in three different locations in Port Harcourt and analysed using both microscopy and rapid diagnostic techniques. Results: The overall prevalence of 22.8% was recorded out of 633 participants for (P. falciparum) malaria. Infection was highest in Mile IV (Rumueme) 30.8% followed by Rumuosi, 23.1% and the least was D/Line area, 14.5% out of 221 participants per location respectively. The incidence of malaria in the study area was significantly different (X2 = 16.69; p = 0.001). There was no significant difference in the intensity of malaria parasite infection in the study areas. Seven types of drugs were purchased to treat perceived malaria. 177 (26.7%) participants purchased coatem, 187 (28.3%) purchased Lonart. The others were Lumartem 133 (20.1%), P.alaxin 83 (12.5%), Amarla by 19 (2.9%) and artesunate by 57 (8.6%). All the antimalarial were purchased by those that tested positive. The most purchased drug was Lonart 11 (34.37%), Lumartem 25 (36.8%) and Malareich 19 (31.3%) in D/Line, Mile IV and Rumuosi cluster areas respectively. There was a significant difference in the antimalarials purchased. Result of Follow up test shows that only 59.6% returned to be tested and they all tested negative. Conclusion: Malaria preponderance was high among studied subjects, ACT was topmost among antimalarials regularly purchased by the individuals. Conformity to the use of ACT could be said to be impressive though not yet 100%. People who are treated for malaria should be encouraged to undergo a test after treatment for effective case management and detection of resistance.

scholarly journals The Awareness Level and Perception of Secondary School Physics Teachers towards Nanotechnology in Rivers State

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Avwiri, Eseroghene
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Physics Teachers ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Rivers State ◽  
Senior Secondary ◽  
Awareness Level ◽  
Secondary School Physics

This paper adopted a descriptive design to investigate the awareness level and the perception of secondary school Physics teachers towards Nanotechnology in Port Harcourt Metropolis of Rivers State. The population of the study was 43 physics teachers comprising of 25 male and 18 female which was used from the 12 public secondary schools in Port Harcourt Metropolis in Rivers State. The instrument for the study was a self- made questionnaire titled, Nanotechnology Questionnaire on Awareness and Perception for Teachers (NQAPT) with a reliability of 0.85 obtained using Cronbach Alpha reliability formula. Two research questions and two null hypotheses guided the study. The research questions were answered using the criterion mean of 2.5 and standard deviation, while the null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance using t- test. The findings revealed that the awareness level of Nanotechnology among teacher was low and their perception towards nanotechnology was positive. There is no significant difference between the awareness level and perception of the concept of Nanotechnology among male and female senior secondary school Physics teachers. Based on these findings, it is recommended that more awareness on the concept of Nanotechnology be created among secondary school teachers through symposium and science teaching workshop in order to publicize the benefits of nanotechnology to the society.

scholarly journals Design and Cost Optimization of Heat Exchangers Network System in a Typical Brewery Plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-251
Author(s):  
Shadrack Uzoma Mathew ◽  
Tamzor Lebari Aban
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Cost Optimization ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Network System ◽  
Heat Exchanger Design ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Pinch Technology ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Rivers State

Heat exchanger design and cost optimization had been carried out for Pabod Brewery, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria using Pinch Technology as process application method. The gross energy expenditure by the plant is 10.44MW at production capacity of 400,000 liters of beer per day. On quantitative aggregate 6.157MW goes for heating and 4.267MW for cooling. A temperature pinch or minimum approach temperature (ΔTmin) of 100C, minimum heating utility of 5.04MW and cooling utility of 3.09MW were recorded. Energy upturn of 1.08MW and 1.23MW for the hot and cold flows were measured. This finding correlates to energy conservationS of 18% for hot utility and 21% for the cold utility. Overall improvement in capital and annualized costs of 39% was achieved for the hot and cold utilities. The researchers strongly recommend the outcome of this research to process applications in brewery, chemical, petrochemical, oil and gas industries.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Vitamin B₁₂, Folate, Haematological Parameters and Some Reproductive Hormones in Subjects Attending Fertility Centres in Port Harcourt

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
Abiye Chiladi Isomah ◽  
Risikat Oladunni Allison ◽  
Serekara Gideon Christian ◽  
Evelyn Mgbeoma Eze
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rivers State ◽  
And Control

Background: Vitamin B12 has proven to have effect in fertility because it improves mature oocyte counts and embryo quality in women and helps in sperm quality in men, so it is efficient to carry out vitamin B12 analysis in addition to other hormone profile during routine infertility examination. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate vitamin B12, folate, some haematological parameters and some reproductive hormones in men and women attending fertility centres in Port Harcourt. Study Design: This study is a case-control and comparative study, and a random convenient sampling method was employed. A total of two hundred (200) apparently healthy participants within the reproductive age group of 18-44 years attending the fertility clinics of Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH) Port Harcourt formerly Braithwaite Memorial Hospital (BMH) which is the only State Government owned teaching hospital in Rivers State located at Forces Avenue Port Harcourt and Save a Life Mission Hospital Port Harcourt a private owned fertility hospital located at Stadium Road, Port Harcourt were recruited for this study. Results: The result showed that there was no statistically significant difference in haematological parameters in cases of infertility in the female and male test groups as compared to control groups (p>0.05). The mean ±SD showed non-significant difference of serum folate in the male and female test and control groups of the study (p>0.05). This study however observed Vitamin B12 level to be statistically significantly lower in infertile females when compared with the controls (p=0.0078). There was also a statistically significant difference between the mean values of Vitamin B12 in the male test and control groups of this study (p<0.0001). Prolactin levels in the females showed a significant difference between the test and control group at (p<0.0001), with the mean (± SD) value higher in the test than the control which shows that the infertile female group were mostly having high prolactin levels. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing hormone (LH) were significantly lower in infertile female group as compared with the control (p<0.0001). In the study carried out on the principal reproductive male hormone testosterone there was a statistically significant difference between the test and control groups (p<0.0001). Conclusion: There was a significant fall in vitamin B12 alongside predominant fertility hormones like testosterone in the infertile male subjects. There was also significant reduction in the serum concentration of vitamin B12 with a corresponding fall in serum concentration of fertility hormones like; luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in the infertile females and a significant rise in the concentration of the female prolactin level. Therefore, Vitamin B12 should be included in the evaluation of infertility either primary or secondary alongside other vital conventional parameters usually considered in infertility cases.

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal Analysis of Noise Levels across Hotspot Areas in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Rivers State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
Bright Chika Ajoku ◽  
Odinaka Amadi- Wali
Keyword(s):  
Noise Level ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
T Test ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Statistical Significant Difference ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rivers State

This study examined spatial and temporal variations of noise levels across hot spot areas in Port Harcourt metropolis, Rivers State Nigeria. It employed a quasi-experimental design. The noise level was captured using Mobile Application known as decibel (dB) X in infinix note 3 android smart phone, which was calibrated with a digital noise meter SET 1350, with a measuring level range of 20–120 decibel while the sampling points were captured with the use of handheld Global Positioning System (GPS) Garmin 78sc which was calibrated to UTM zone 32N. The Geographic Information System (GIS) was the main tool in manipulating surface prediction modeling Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) in the morning and evening noise levels using Environmental Science Research Institute’s (ESRI) software ArcGIS 10.4 version. In the twelve areas investigated, two sample points were captured in each, making a total of twenty four points. Analyses  was done using ANOVA and t-test for the hypotheses and the finding of the results in mean noise levels in the morning and evening indicate that there were no statistical significant difference in the noise level as P =.89 and P =.124 respectively while the t-test indicates statistical significant difference in the majority of the hotspot areas. Therefore, hypotheses of significant mean noise levels were accepted. The finding of the IDW reveals that noise pollution occurs in the morning than in the evening periods in most areas, as they exceed the allowable noise limit of WHO standard is 85 dB (A). Based on the findings, the study recommended among others: that noise pollution planning controls should not be compromised but operates at higher dimension through planting of trees and monitoring in order to ensure strict compliance.

scholarly journals Greater Port Harcourt City Urbanization Project and Its Socio-economic Effect on Affected Farming Communities in Rivers State

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Franklin Nlerum ◽  
Ezebunwo Wechie
Keyword(s):  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Farm Labor ◽  
Farming Communities ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Project Data ◽  
Rivers State

The study was on Greater Port Harcourt City urbanization project and its socio-economic effect on affected farming communities in Rivers State, Nigeria. Random sampling technique was used in selecting 100 farmers in farming communities affected by the project. Data were elicited with the interview schedule and analyzed with percentage and mean. The t-test was used in the test of hypothesis. Results indicated that the major social effects of the project on farming communities were conversion of farm land into building and road projects (85.00%) and reduced farm labor (70.00%). Those of economic effects were decreased agricultural output (70.00%) and high cost of land lease for agricultural production (64.00%). There was a significant difference between social and economic effects of the urban expansion project on farming communities. The study recommends the provision of farm reserved areas, enhanced environmental friendly activities, enhanced farm input supply, and provision of credit to reduce the cost of land lease for agriculture. 

Evaluation of Hepatitis-B and Its Markers Among Some Attendees of Two Health Facilities In Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-410
Author(s):  
M.A. Erasmus ◽  
G.N. Wokem
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hbv Markers ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rivers State

A cross-sectional investigation of hepatitis-B status among attendees of Modern Primary Health Centre, Eneka and Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt was evaluated. Seven hundred (700) subjects of different ages of both sexes were included in the study after ethical approval was obtained from the Rivers State Ministry of Health, Port Harcourt. Consent forms were issued to get subjects’ consent before questionnaire administration to obtain their demographic data. The uninfected subjects were used as control. About 4mls of blood was taken from each subject by vein-puncture; 2mls each was dispensed into EDTA and plain bottles for analysis. The samples were used to assay for hepatitis-B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis–B virus (HBV) markers (HBsAb, HBeAg, HBeAb, HBcAb) using standard techniques. The overall prevalence of HBV was 5.1% in Port Harcourt. The males had higher prevalence of 7.9% HBV than the females 3.4% HBV, although there was no statistically significant difference (P ≥0.05). The HBV was highest among subjects of age group 24-29 years (8.29%) and 30-35 years (9.2%) accordingly. The HBV markers results show that while HBsAg occurred among all the subjects that were positive for HBV, HBeAb was completely absent.

scholarly journals Hemostatic alterations in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: an observational study

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 990
Author(s):  
Basavaraj P. Belaldavar ◽  
Tejaswini J. S. ◽  
Samanvaya Soni
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Prothrombin Time ◽  
Bleeding Time ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Level I

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is characterized by repetitive partial or complete collapse of the upper airway during sleep, which results in disruptions of normal sleep architecture. It is associated with cardiopulmonary consequences like hypertension, myocardial infarction and stroke. Although the pathogenesis of this association remains unclear, an alteration in coagulability is suspected as a linkage. Hence, the present study aims at the reliability of Bleeding time, platelet count, PT, aPTT and INR to assess the effect on OSA patients’ cardiovascular system.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is an observational study done on 32 individuals diagnosed with OSA after level I polysomnography from time period of January 01, 2018 to December 31, 2018. The blood coagulation parameters studied for each individual were platelet count, bleeding time (BT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and prothrombin time (PT/INR).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of a total 32 subjects, 17 (53.13%) were male and 15 (46.87%) were female. There is a significant difference in mean prothrombin time (p=0.022). Kruskal-Wallis test showed a significant difference in the median of the PT/INR (p=0.01) and AHI (p&lt;0.001) for different categories of OSA. Prothrombin time is the only factor which is affecting the OSA.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Patients with severe OSA may have elevated coagulability levels, particularly in the length of prothrombin time. The potential for anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications to reduce mortality in patients with OSA merits exploration, particularly for patients who are unwilling or unable to achieve full control of OSA with currently available treatment options.</p>

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