scholarly journals Determinants of Water-funded Projects in Mitigating Water Risks in Vihiga County, Kenya

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
James M. Oketch ◽  
Edward M. Mugalavai ◽  
Nicodemus O. Nyandiko
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Environmental Flows ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
The Impact

Currently, 85 per cent of the world’s human  population lives in the drier half of the Earth, which exacerbates the water risks including lack of access to safe water, poor basic sanitation and water-related disasters and diseases. Vihiga County is located in the western region of Kenya (former western province). The county covers a total area of 531.0 Km2. This paper examines the impact of water related risks on the livelihood of residents in Vihiga County. The study used evaluation research design. A sample size of 384 households was used to obtain data from the households. Sampling technique comprised of multistage sampling for the households, Quota sampling for the Focus Group Discussions and purposive sampling for the Key Informants. Primary data was gathered by use of questionnaires, Key Informant Interview guides, observation checklists and Focus Group Discussions. Secondary data was collected by use of publications, journals, and internet access. Quantitative data was analysed using Microsoft excel, and Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) version 20.0. Results reveal that majority of the household respondents had experienced different forms of water related risks including, water pollution at 42%, inadequate water infrastructure 32%, poor water governance 10%, water scarcity 7% and environmental flows at 4% respectively. The study established that the existing Water Funded Projects (WFPs) initiatives include protected water springs at 31%, water kiosks 21%, boreholes at 18%, open wells 14 %, rain water harvesting at 12% while 4% of household respondents had piped water. The results (X25, 0.05=69.76; p-value=0.000) indicating that Water Funded Projects (WFPs) initiatives have positively influenced reduction in water related risks.

scholarly journals Factors affecting the education of pre-employment paramedic students during the clinical practicum

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise McCall ◽  
Natalie Wray ◽  
Bill Lord
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Student Perception ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Clinical Placement ◽  
Clinical Environment ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Clinical Practicum ◽  
The Impact

Introduction To identify factors that affect the education of pre-employment paramedic students during the clinical practicum. Methods A purposive sampling technique was employed to recruit undergraduate students from the Bachelor of Emergency Health (Paramedic) (BEHP) who had recently completed their first or final clinical placement. Qualitative data was collected via a total of 3 focus group discussions; two focus group discussions were conducted with students on completion of their final placement, and one focus group discussion was conducted with students who had recently completed their first placement. Participants were asked to share their career and placement expectations, placement experiences, career path intentions, and the impact of placements on their career decisions. Results This paper reports on student perception of education in the clinical environment and their impression of the strengths and weaknesses of this model. We identified four major themes: (1) communication, (2) appropriate placements, (3) capacity building and, (4) adequate preparation for students. Conclusion The University, ambulance service and students need to form a relationship to foster the quality of clinical education. Each party needs to adequately communicate and prepare for quality learning to occur in placements. Good mechanisms for the identification of problems early, particularly in relation to student support and case load are necessary. Ongoing evaluation of the quality of clinical placement education is required and should include all parties who are also committed to continuous improvement.

Women and land inheritance under legal pluralism in Lesotho.

2021 ◽  
pp. 182-192
Author(s):  
Gaynor Gamuchirai Paradza
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Legal Pluralism ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Habitat For Humanity ◽  
The Status ◽  
Land Inheritance

Abstract Land inheritance is an important process through which women negotiate access to the resource. Legal pluralism renders land inheritance a complex process for those who rely on inheritance as a source of land. This chapter uses the case study of Lesotho to highlight how legal pluralism influences women's land inheritance in Lesotho. The research applied qualitative research approaches using both primary and secondary data to analyse the status of women's access to land in Lesotho. Primary data collection was undertaken in Maseru and Mafeteng using key informant interviews, focus group discussions and field visits. Key informants included women's organizations, government representatives, Habitat for Humanity staff and beneficiaries, private sector, paralegals, traditional leaders, community councils, widows and land right organizations. Focus group discussions focused on the community council and paralegals, and the Land Advocacy reference group. Secondary data was obtained from published and unpublished sources. The findings were validated through a national workshop with key stakeholders in Lesotho. This means that the study findings can be used as a basis for drawing insights on women's land inheritance experiences of statute, custom and practice in Lesotho.

scholarly journals PUBLIC PERCEPTION TOWARDS THE MYTH OF CONSTITUTIONAL STATUS OF GILGIT BALTISTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 732-744
Author(s):  
Najaf Ali ◽  
Muhammad Azhar Mian ◽  
Shakil Akhtar ◽  
Sarfraz Batool ◽  
Sidra Akram
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Leadership Crisis ◽  
Gilgit Baltistan

Purpose: The key purpose of this study is to answer the questions about the primary hurdles in determining and delaying the constitutional status, as well as ambiguities, reservations, demands, and desires among the youth of Gilgit Baltistan (GB). Method: The primary, as well as secondary sources are used to answer the research questions. Questionnaire survey and focus group discussions are used to collect the primary data and the secondary data is collected from different published sources. The number of respondents was One Hundred Ninety and conducted three focus group discussions. All analyses were performed by using the latest version of SPSS. Main Findings: This study finds out that the primary hurdle in determining and delaying the constitutional status of Gilgit Baltistan is its historical facts, Kashmir dispute, leadership crisis in GB, undesirable role of Kashmiri leader, and the non-serious behavior of Islamabad and its institution. Furthermore, undefined constitutional status creates uncertainty, ambiguity, sub-nationalism, and fear among youth. Application of the study: The result will provide a guideline in policy-making regarding Gilgit Baltistan and it provides a new direction for new researchers. Originality of the study: The research identifies the primary hurdles in determining and delaying the constitutional status of GB as well as explores the demands and desires of the youth of GB.

scholarly journals Organizational Determinants of Choice of Sustainability Strategies Adopted by Group Ranches in Samburu County, Kenya

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 34-47
Author(s):  
Eustace Njagi Kithumbu ◽  
Julius M Huho ◽  
Humphrey Opiyo Omondi
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Sustainability Strategies

The group ranch system is one of the best land ownership and livestock production strategies in the dry lands of the world where the potential for rain-fed agriculture is limited. This has resulted in numerous studies on the establishment of group ranches, their dissolution and coping strategies but with less focus on the sustainability of the group ranches. It is against this background that this study investigated organizational factors influencing choice of sustainability strategies adopted by group ranches in Samburu County; Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design employing use of Questionnaires, Key Informant Interviews, Focus Group Discussions and observation as primary data collection methods. The study used content validity and Cronbach’s alpha methods to measure validity and reliability of the research instruments, respectively. The target population for the study was the 16,611 registered members in 38 group ranches spread out in the County. The study sampled twelve group ranches with approximately 5,643 members from which 374 respondents were systematically sampled. Purposive sampling was used to select Key Informants and the participants in the Focus Group Discussions. The investigation employed Multi-linear Regression to analyse organizational factors influencing choice of sustainability strategies adopted by group ranches in Samburu County while the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to test the hypothesis which stated that there was no significant influence of organizational factors on choice of sustainability strategies adopted by group ranches in Samburu County, Kenya. The p-value of 0.00 was obtained, indicating that organizational factors significantly influenced choice of sustainability strategies adopted by group ranches in the County. Overall, past experiences was the predominating organizational factor with a regression coefficient of 0.432 while past strategies had the least influence on choice of sustainability strategies adopted by group ranches in Samburu County, with a regression coefficient of 0.110. The study recommended integration of organizational factors in formulating policies for sustainability of group ranches.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KEBERADAAN PASAR MODERN DI DAERAH DESTINASI WISATA (Studi di Kabupaten Pangandaran, Jawa Barat)

AdBispreneur ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Bambang Hermanto ◽  
Suryanto ◽  
Ratna Meisa Dai
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Tourism Potential ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Depth Interviews

This study aims to analyze the existence of modern markets in terms of geographical, demographic, spatial planning, tourism potential, and rules of its founding. This study uses a qualitative approach to the type of exploratory research. This research was conducted in the tourist area of Pangandaran Regency, West Java Province, Indonesia. Primary data sources were obtained from observations, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions, while secondary data were obtained from scientific articles and other related documents. The results showed that in Pangandaran Regency, the number of modern markets in operation included: Indomaret 58%, Alfamart 34%, Yomart 4%, Kuckmart, and Srikaton respectively 2%. When viewed from the geographical, demographic, spatial and regional planning, tourism potential, and the rules for establishing a modern market, the existence of a modern market is still needed with a few notes. First, the location distribution has not been evenly distributed to all tourist distillation areas. Second, there are some rules that are violated both in the rules of the establishment and operating hours. The impact of these problems will affect micro and small businesses And services to tourist visitors. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keberadaan pasar modern ditinjau dari aspek  geografis, demografis, rencana tata ruang, potensi wisata, dan aturan pendirianya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian eksploratif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di daerah wisata Kabupaten Pangandaran, Provinsi Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Sumber data primer diperoleh dari observasi, wawancara mendalam dan focus group discussion, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari artikel ilmiah dan dokumen terkait lainnya.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di Kabupaten Pangandaran jumlah pasar modern yang beroperasi, antara lain : Indomaret 58%, Alfamart 34%, Yomart 4%, Kuckmart, dan Srikaton masing-masing 2%. Apabila ditinjau dari aspek geografis, demografis, rencana tata ruang dan wilayah, potensi wisata, serta aturan pendirian pasar modern, maka keberadaan pasar modern masih dibutuhkan dengan beberapa catatan. Pertama, distribusi lokasi belum merata ke seluruh wilayah distinasi wisata. Kedua, ada beberapa peraturan yang dilanggar baik dalam aturan pendirian maupun jam operasional.  Dampak dari masalah tersebut berakibat kepada para pelaku usaha mikro dan kecil dan pelayanan kepada pengunjung wisata.

scholarly journals Public Perception towards Police Corruption: A Case Study of Tehsil Takht Bhai

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zahid ◽  
Rahman Hussain ◽  
Hazrat Bilal
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Police Corruption ◽  
Media Campaigns

Throughout the world, the department of police has been established for enforcing the law, protecting the life and property of the people, and ensuring peace. Police play a vital role in maintaining law and order in the society as well as controlling crimes and their services are considered as good, but police corruption has also occurred throughout history and therefore it is by no means a new phenomenon. The issue of corruption in police in terms of lodging first information report (FIR), during investigation and detention, calls for immediate attention from the researchers because it negatively affects justice delivery in society. The current study was conducted in Tehsil Takht Bhai, of district Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan, which examined the perception of the general public, drivers, elected representatives, lawyers, past prisoners, and the police tout about police corruption. The study was qualitative specifically based on thematic research design. A stratified purposive sampling technique has been utilized, while the Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were used as a tool for collecting primary data.   Further, focus group discussions were elaborated narrated and linked with the literature (thematic analysis) to extract findings. Research findings show that corruption is prevalent in police at different levels, and it is suggested that media campaigns, public awareness, and legislation about corruption need to be implemented to control corruption in the police.

Kinship construction variability among Nigerian international migrants: The context of contemporary Diaspora

Human Affairs ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olayinka Akanle ◽  
Olanrewau Olutayo
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
First Century ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Kinship Networks ◽  
Methodological Triangulation ◽  
International Migrants ◽  
Depth Interviews

AbstractUnderstanding the selves, situations and actions of Africans can never be comprehended outside kinship. Local and foreign worldviews are first pigeonholed into culture and defined within kinship realities in Nigeria and Africa. There have been studies on kinship in Africa. However, the findings from such studies portrayed the immutability of African kinship. Thus, as an important contribution to the on-going engagement of kinship in the twenty-first century as an interface between the contemporary Diaspora, this article engaged kinship within international migration. This is a major behavioural and socio-economic force in Nigeria. Methodological triangulation was adopted as part of the research design and primary data were collected through in-depth interviews (IDIs), and life histories of international migrants were documented and focus group discussions (FGDs) were held with kin of returnees. The article found and concluded that while returnees continued to appreciate local kinship infrastructures, the infrastructures were liable to reconstruction primarily determined by dominant support situations in the traditional African kinship networks.

scholarly journals Hubungan Pemberian Anestesi Regional Dengan Kelancaran ASI Pada Ibu Post Partum Sectio Caesarea Di Rumah Sakit Muhammadiyah Gresik

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Vina Rahmatika ◽  
Musa Ghufron ◽  
Nenny Triastuti ◽  
Syaiful Rochman
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Sectio Caesarea ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anesthetic Drugs

Background: The birth rate by caesarean section method is getting higher. Risk data for 2013 shows the method of birth with the operation method of 9.8 percent of the total 49,603 births during 2010 to 2013. Being in practice the mother must be given anesthetic before the surgery begins. This anesthesia will later affect the pain that will occur after SC. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between regional anesthetic drugs and the smoothness of breast milk in women born in sectio caesarea at Muhammadiyah Gresik Hospital. Method: Method with Cross Sectional approach. The population in this study mothers who gave birth in a caesarean section at Muhammadiyah Hospital Gresik in December 2019 to January 2020. The sampling technique in this study is probability / random simple sampling. The sample in this study was a portion of mothers who gave birth in a caesarean section at Muhammadiyah Gresik Hospital. The instrument used was primary data collection in the form of questionnaires and secondary data in the form of patient medical records. Result: The data obtained in this study were processed using spearman correlation statistics. From the statistical test the Correlation coefficient value was 0.807, and obtained P-Value equal to 0,000 this value is less than 0.05. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that there is a correlation between the administration of a regional anesthetics and the smoothness of breast milk in mothers of post partum caesarea at Muhammadiyah Gresik Hospital.

scholarly journals Study on Potentiality of Biogas Plants and Their Role for the Conservation of Environment

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Dinesh Ghimire ◽  
Jagannath Shrestha ◽  
Anup K.C
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Household Surveys ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
The People ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
Biogas Technology

This study presents the potentiality of biogas plants and their role for the conservation of environment. It is basedon primary data collected from 84 household surveys, 6 key informant interviews and two focus group discussions. It was observed that more than 95% of the people residing in the VDCs were using firewood as a main source ofenergy. The total amount of firewood consumed was 510.570 ton/year which emits 775.052tCO2e/year. Due to the presence of agriculture based livestock holding population, there is a great potential of biogas technology. Thestudy showed that biogas technology could saved 34.40% of firewood which conserves 5.415 ha of forests area. There is a potentiality of 58 biogas plants of size 6 cu.m which will reduce 440.800 tCO2e/year.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/njst.v15i2.12114Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 15, No.2 (2014) 51-56

scholarly journals Endogenous conflict resolution mechanisms of the San people at Platfontein

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Y Gebregeorgis
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Inductive Thematic Analysis

The objective of this study was to explore the endogenous conflict resolution mechanisms and practices of the San people at Platfontein, South Africa. To this end, data were collected from 304 interviews and 26 focus group discussions. The collected data were analysed through Inductive Thematic Analysis. The findings show that the San people have endogenous conflict resolution mechanisms which basically aim at restoring peace and harmony within the community. The endogenous mechanisms were found to be fairly participatory and supplementary to the state machineries that work for justice, peace and harmony. However, the conflict resolution mechanisms of the San people are currently weakening due to the impact of modernisation and the leadership dispute among the sub-groups of the community.

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