scholarly journals Access to Public Healthcare Services in Urban Areas in Nigeria: The Influence of Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics of the Urban Population

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Abubakar Abdullahi ◽  
Nalika Gunawardena
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Access To Healthcare ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Healthcare Facilities

Background: Ensuring access to healthcare facilities is a high priority need in developing countries. This research aimed to determine the influence of socio-demographic and economic characteristics of the urban population in Nigeria to access to public healthcare facilities. Methods: We conducted a community-based study in 400 households across the three urban areas of Gombe state, Nigeria. Access to healthcare facilities was quantified in a composite index which considers availability, accessibility and affordability. The head of families was interviewed for information related to access and for the socio-demographic and economic status of the residences. The influence of socio-demographic and economic characteristics was determined using a chi-square test with a significance level of <0.05. Results: Most of the population interviewed within the selected urban areas had good access (84%) to public healthcare facilities. Socio-demographic and economic characteristics of household representatives such as age (p = 0.02), religious status (p = 0.00), level of education (p =0 .00), employment (p = 0.00) and possession of healthcare insurance (p = 0.00) were found to significantly influence access to healthcare facilities in urban areas. Conclusion:  Access to public healthcare facilities within the urban areas was good and the study revealed some modifiable socio-demographic and economic factors that influence access. We recommend the intervention to address the factors to further improve access to public healthcare facilities and to achieve universal healthcare coverage.

Public Response to Privatization of Healthcare Services in Saudi Arabia on Twitter (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman Alghamdi ◽  
Basim Alsaywid ◽  
Khalid Abumelha ◽  
Sohail Bajammal ◽  
Juan Manlangit Jr
Keyword(s):  
Final Analysis ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Public Response ◽  
The Public ◽  
Chi Square Test

BACKGROUND The Saudi government has been providing free medical care for all Saudis in public healthcare facilities, with the Ministry of Health being the major financing, operating, and supervising body. In July 2017, the Saudi government approved privatization of healthcare services. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess public reactions to this reform that have been shared on Twitter. METHODS All tweets that contained the hashtag “خصخصة_الصحة#” [i.e., #Healthcare_Privatization] between 9th and 16th July 2017 were collected. Manual content analysis of the tweets was carried out to identify sentiments, types of sources of the tweets and the general theme of each tweet. Association between the types of sources and sentiments delivered was tested using chi-square test. RESULTS Out of 12,430 tweets collected, 2,119 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis. Most tweets delivered neutral or undetermined sentiments [37.4%], followed by positive [35.2%] and then negative [27.4%] sentiments. Each tweet has been assigned to one out of nine themes that best fits. The most common theme of the tweets was ‘supportive and explanatory’ [24.6%] then ‘unsupportive and/or expecting failure’ [16.3%]. The majority of contributors were members of the public [85.1%] and the clinical and non-clinical healthcare workers [10.1%]. There was a significant association between the type of the source and the sentiments delivered 2 [6, N = 1740] = 82.1, P-value <0.0001] CONCLUSIONS Our study has shown that Twitter data represents a possible rich source of information to be studied by decision makers to evaluate public responses to major reforms in healthcare systems worldwide. Studying such data provides an insight into common concerns and misunderstandings to be addressed.

scholarly journals Determinants of birthplace among middle-to lower-class women in Indonesia: A study using the Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0259417
Author(s):  
Angga Kresna Pranata ◽  
Andri Setiya Wahyudi ◽  
Lukman Handoyo ◽  
Ferry Efendi
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Access To Healthcare ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Individual Record

Background One of the factors contributing to a high maternal mortality rate is the utilization of non-healthcare facilities as a birthplace for women. This study analyzed determinants affecting birthplace in middle-to lower-class women in Indonesia. Methods This study analyzed the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) data. The total national sample size was 49,627 eligible women. Our sample included 11,104 women, aged 15–49, who had delivered babies and were of low-to-middle economic status. The type of survey dataset was individual record dataset. Data were analyzed with chi-square and multivariate logistic regression tests using Stata 16 software. Results About 64.99% middle to lower class women in Indonesia delivered in healthcare facilities. Women aged 45–49 (OR = 2.103; 95% CI = 1.13–3.93), who graduated from higher schools (OR = 2.885; 95% CI = 1.76–4.73), whose husbands had higher education (OR = 2.826; 95% CI = 1.69–4.74) and were employed (OR = 2.523; 95% CI = 1.23–5.17), who considered access to healthcare facilities was not a problem (OR = 1.528; 95% CI = 1.28–1.82), who had a single child (OR = 2.349; 95% CI = 1.97–2.80), and who lived in urban areas (OR = 2.930; 95% CI = 2.40–3.57) were determinants that significantly correlated with women giving birth in healthcare facilities. Conclusion This study provides insights for policymakers and healthcare centers in the community to strengthen access to healthcare services and devise health promotion strategies for pregnant mothers. Policy interventions designed for middle- to lower-class women should be implemented to support vulnerable groups.

scholarly journals A comparison of the levels of satisfaction with the medical services provided by primary healthcare centers in selected communes in Lubelskie Voivodeship

2016 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Daria Przybylska ◽  
Piotr Przybylski ◽  
Bartłomiej Drop ◽  
Krzysztof Czarnocki ◽  
Wojciech Przybylski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Medicine ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Primary Type ◽  
Primary Healthcare Centers

Abstract Introduction. Family medicine remains the primary type of medical services in Poland and it is supposed to treat both individual patients and the society as a whole. Due to the growing commercialization of the health service, most primary healthcare centers have transformed into non-public healthcare facilities. The public ones (called SPZOZ in Polish) account only for a small fraction of the whole number of primary healthcare facilities. The quality of medical services provided by such facilities, as patients see it, remains one of the key elements determining the development of family medicine centers. Aim. The aim of this paper was to assess patient satisfaction levels regarding the healthcare services they received in two primary healthcare institutions, both of the NZOZ and SPZOZ type, in a small town located close to Lublin. Material and methods. An anonymous survey was filled out by 30 patients of both a public and non-public healthcare center located in Niemce (Niemce Commune, Lublin District). The quality of services was assessed using an original questionnaire in the form of a poll. Results. The results obtained indicate a clear relationship between one’s trust to the physician, diagnosis accuracy and visiting the particular center again, in order to continue the treatment. For older subjects, it was nurses’ kindness and politeness that was the most important. The elderly appreciated the kindness and politeness of the nurses in particular. No significant differences were found between the institutions in respect of the overall perception of satisfaction with services. In terms of infrastructure assessment, the majority of positive feedback was provided for NZOZ. Conclusions. The findings above suggest that it is essential to conduct surveys on a regular basis, in order to check patients’ assessment of the service quality in various institutons.

Assessment of Healthcare Service Quality

2020 ◽  
pp. 271-291
Author(s):  
Segufta Dilshad ◽  
Afsana Akhtar ◽  
S. S. M. Sadrul Huda ◽  
Nandeeta Samad
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Quality Measurement ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Private And Public

The service quality measurement of healthcare services is always a big concern for the hospitals, patient rights activists, regulators, and general patients. This study deals with quality assessment of healthcare facilities concerning the private and public health facilities of Dhaka, Bangladesh. This study follows the survey research approach. Using the purposive sampling method, the individuals have been selected from households who have received healthcare services from public or private hospitals of Dhaka city in last year. The study collected data among 410 respondents. Standard statistical software (i.e., SPSS and STATA) have been used to analyze the data. This study confirms existing evidence that Bangladeshi patients have a growing concern with lower level of satisfaction in public healthcare services. The respondents faced multi-dimensional problems, characterized by a low level of overall service quality, interpersonal service quality, and technical or treatment-related quality at public hospitals. Further research is recommended to analyze the issues further.

Management of public healthcare facilities in the Philippines: issues and concerns

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramiro Z Dela Cruz ◽  
Ruth A Ortega-Dela Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
Insufficient Knowledge

Background/Aims Public hospitals are the primary means of healthcare delivery in developing countries. Given the pressing need for efficient health services, it is imperative to know the extent to which a country's public healthcare institutions meet an ever increasing public demand. This study aimed to assess the state of hospital facilities among public health care institutions in a developing country. Methods Descriptive research methods were used, including needs analysis along with management and client satisfaction surveys, in order to analyse information on issues that related to the management of hospital facilities in the Philippines. Various members of the hospital community were selected to assess different aspects of hospital management. Results The results of this study show that most concerns stemmed from the lack of financial resources, materials, equipment and technological innovations; insufficient knowledge, skills and human resources; and problems that related to processes and methodologies. Conclusions Public hospitals are in dire need of facility upkeep to maintain their operations. This has become a more pressing concern because of the very limited resources at the disposal of public hospitals. This study also highlighted the crucial role played by the national government in finding effective and efficient ways to address these issues and concerns to ensure successful delivery of healthcare services in the country.

scholarly journals Healthcare of Undocumented Migrants

2021 ◽  
pp. 131-148
Author(s):  
Jussi S. Jauhiainen ◽  
Miriam Tedeschi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Access To Healthcare ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Undocumented Migrants ◽  
Local Municipalities ◽  
Inadequate Information ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

AbstractFinnish authorities provide undocumented migrants with at least emergency healthcare services, but very few (if any) undocumented migrants use these or other public healthcare services. There are challenges to accessing healthcare, including language, culture or communication, inadequate information, difficult opening times, lack of specialised services, fear of using such services, and lack of networks relating to social and healthcare services. The provision of wider healthcare services and prevention of illnesses is actually less expensive for countries than providing undocumented migrants with only emergency healthcare.This chapter discusses the undocumented migrants’ access to healthcare and their use of healthcare services. The Constitution of Finland guarantees emergency healthcare services for everyone staying in Finland, including undocumented migrants; however, the actual provision of healthcare (emergency or otherwise) for undocumented migrants varies greatly among local municipalities. Furthermore, few migrants use these available services. The majority turn to unofficial services, with some risk for themselves and the local community. The chapter highlights issues regarding the mental and physical health of undocumented migrants, who often suffer from trauma, which is not properly treated. It also discusses the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on undocumented migrants in Finland.

scholarly journals FAKTOR PSIKOLOGIS DAN PSIKOSOSIAL YANG MEMPENGARUHI POST PARTUM BLUES DI RUANG NIFAS HIBRIDA RSU SEMBIRING

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Irma Suryani ◽  
Tetty Junita Purba ◽  
Mutiara Dwi Yanti
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Self Blame ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Postpartum Mothers

Post partum blues is a mild effective syndromic disorder that occurs at the beginning of postpartum. Signs of symptoms that arise are sad reactions, crying, irritability, anxiety, self-blame, disturbances in sleep patterns and appetite disorders. Post partum blues symptoms are a multi-factorial mechanism consisting of hormonal factors, physical activity factors and psychosocial factors. This type of research is observational with cross sectional design. The population was all postpartum postpartum second day postpartum mothers in the postpartum Sembiring General Hospital Delitua sub-district in 2019 which was conducted on June 1-30, 2019. The sampling technique was done by total sampling which received 89 respondents and analyzed by chi square test significance level p = 0.05 . Independent variables are psychological and psychosocial factors and the dependent variable is post partum blues. The results of this study indicate that 66.3% of postpartum mothers experience post partum blues. From the variables obtained, each value of p = 0,000 (p<0.05), namely stress coping, self-adjustment, education and income, showed a significant relationship to the occurrence of post partum blues. The conclusions that can be drawn from this study are the psychological and psychosocial factors which most cause post partum blues are low economic factors. Therefore, to reduce the rate of occurrence of post partum blues, it is necessary to improve economic status.

scholarly journals SEROEPIDEMIOLOGY OF TOXOPLASMOSIS IN HUMANS AND DOGS FROM A SMALL MUNICIPALITY IN PARANA, BRAZIL

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline do Nascimento Benitez ◽  
Daniela Dib Gonçalves ◽  
Beatriz de Souza Lima Nino ◽  
Eloiza Teles Caldart ◽  
Roberta Lemos Freire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level

Abstract Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide zoonosis with important public health implications. The aims of this study were to determine and identify factors associated to the seroprevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in humans and dogs from Jataizinho, Parana State, Brazil. Serum samples from 280 humans and 766 dogs, from rural and urban areas, were tested by indirect immunofluorescent antibody test. Positive dilutions were ≥ 1:16. Epidemiological informations were obtained through an individual questionnaire and data tabulation was performed using EpiInfo 3.5.3 (CDC, Atlanta). Statistical significance was evaluated by chi-square (ᵪ2) or Fisher's exact tests with a 5.0 % significance level. The seroprevalence in humans was 70.00% (196/280), as follows: 69.08% (143/207) in rural and 72.60% (53/73) in a slum urban community. The seroprevalence in dogs was 52.35% (401/766), as follows: 71.74% (99/138) in rural and 48.08% (302/628) in urban area. In rural areas, there was no factor associated to risk of infection. In urban slum community, visualizing more than four rats at home was a factor statistically associated to seropositivity for human toxoplamosis. Infection of urban dogs was associated to age, contact with stray dogs or rodents, and free access to street. The results indicated a similar possibility of contact with Toxoplasma gondii between dogs and humans living in rural or slum urban areas of small municipalities.

The State of Healthcare Facilities in the Field of Cardiovascular Diseases: Reflections from a Public Cardiac Hospital, Uttar Pradesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-153
Author(s):  
Arti Singh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Public Healthcare Sector ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
Effective Policy ◽  
And Control

Background: Literature suggest that majority of Indians belonging to lower socio-economic status (SES) are dependent on public health sector but still there is higher rate of deaths among them due to cardiac diseases. Objective: The aims of this paper are twofold: (i) To depict the ground realities of a public cardiac hospital, and (ii) To identify the key challenges for the effective policy implementation and control of CVD. Method: Using direct field based observation, experiences and field notes. Result and Conclusion: India’s public healthcare sector for cardiac patients suffers from problem of accessibility and affordability. Further, prevalence of prohibited practices makes things worse for the poor patients.

scholarly journals Open defecation free: where do we need to focus ?

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ramesh Adhikari ◽  
Sudha Ghimire
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Open Defecation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Middle Income

BackgroundDespite major national and international efforts, many households in Nepal (as in other low-income and middle-income countries) still lack toilets. This paper assesses various determinants that act as main contributing factors because of which households in Nepal still do not have toilets. MethodsData from the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2016 was used for this study. Bivariate analysis was done to assess the association between dependent variables (toilet status- having and not having toilets in the household) and independent variables (demographic, socio-economic and geographical characteristics) using Chi-square test. Then, a multi variate logistic regression model was used to assess significant predictors for a household not having a toilet after controlling other variables. ResultsOut of the total number of sampled households (11040), nearly a fifth (18%) belonged to province no. 2, where nearly half of the households (49%) did not have toilet facilities. Similarly, households in rural areas were found to be less likely to have toilets than households in urban areas (aOR=1.56, CI1.35-1.80). In the Terai, households were almost ten times as likely not to have toilets (aOR=9.65, CI6.56-14.19) as compared to households in the mountain region. Furthermore, there is a strong positive association between households with toilets and their economic status. Poorest (aOR=15.19, CI11.26-20.47), poorer (aOR=8.75, CI6.89-11.11) and middle income (aOR=5.12, CI4.15-6.32) households were less likely to have a toilet than richer or richest households. ConclusionsDespite some real achievements and progress in Open Defecation Free (ODF) status, Nepal still has a large number of residences without a toilet. Thus, it is crucial to address all the multifaceted factors such as geographical, provincial and economic when considering sustainable ODF programming.

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