scholarly journals Comparison the Effect of Golghand and Foot Reflexology on Constipation in Elderlies

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Tayebeh Mirani Moghadam ◽  
Habib Shareinia ◽  
Hosein Mohammadzadeh Moghadam ◽  
Moosa Sajjadi ◽  
Amir Reza Rajabi
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Friedman Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bowel Movements

Objective: Constipation is one of the most common problems of the elderly, causing many complications and high costs for these individuals and affecting their quality of life. This study aimed to compare the effect of Golghand (a pharmaceutical composition of roses and honey) and foot reflexology on constipation in the elderly. Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 60 elderly people with constipation in 2017. Subjects were selected through simple and purposive sampling and were randomly allocated to Golghand and foot reflexology groups by permuted block method. The foot reflexology was carried out in the specific area of constipation twice a day and each time for 15 minutes for two weeks. Golghand group received Golghand half an hour before lunch (one teaspoon of Golghand in one cup of cooled boiled water). Constipation assessment scale was filled for the subjects before and at the end of the intervention by an evaluator, who was unaware of the intervention approaches of the groups. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 20 using statistical tests of Chi-square, Fisher’s exact test, Mann-Whitney U, and Friedman test at the significance level of <0.05. Results: In this research, mean age of the participants was 66±8.66 years. According to the results of Mann-Whitney U, no significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of the frequency of bowel movements on the first day after intervention (P=0.246). However, on days 2-14 after the intervention, a significant difference was observed between the study groups in this regard (P<0.05). Similarly, results of the Friedman test were indicative of a significant difference between the two groups regarding the frequency of bowel movements (P<0.001), in a way, that after the passing of the mean period, the number of bowel movements increased in both groups. However, this increase was higher in the Golghand group, compared to the foot reflexology group (P<0.001). Moreover, independent t-test demonstrated a statistically significant difference between the groups regarding mean intensity of constipation (P=0.01). Conclusion: Consumption of Golghand increased the frequency of bowel movements and reduced the intensity of constipation in elderly individuals. This method had greater impacts on constipation, compared to the foot reflexology technique.

Success Rate of Obturation of Root Canals by Different Techniques in Primary Molars: A Comparative Clinical Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-44
Author(s):  
Satyawan G. Damle ◽  
Ritika Bansal ◽  
Dhanashree D. Sakhare
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Primary Molars ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Second Primary ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Comparative Clinical Study

Objective: To compare the success rate of different obturation procedures in primary mandibular second molars clinically and also by digital radiovisiography. Methods: A total of 40 children aged between 4-8 years with deeply carious mandibular second primary molars indicated for single session pulpectomy were selected. Canals were obturated with Metapex. The 3 study groups (Endodontic plugger, Handheld lentulospiral, Navi Tip syringe) were compared with the control group (reamer) both clinically and radiovisiographically. The data collected were statistically analyzed using Pearson’s Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test. Results: The use of Navi tip syringe led to the least number of voids followed by Endodontic plugger and Reamer and the highest number of voids was reported with Lentulospiral. Navitip presented maximum number of optimally filled cases followed by Endodontic plugger and Lentulospiral and least number of optimally filled cases with reamer. However, there was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) in any of the groups with clinical (pain and tenderness to percussion) and radiographic parameters (presence or absence of voids and length of obturation). Conclusion: Within the limitations of the present study, though the clinical outcome was statistically insignificant, Navitip syringe exhibited encouraging results and is a promising option for obturation in primary teeth.

identification risk for falls diagnosis in the elderly serviced by the elderly care program

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 2507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Cássia Lopes Chaves ◽  
Laís De Andrade Martins Cordeiro ◽  
Sueli Leiko Takamastu Goyatá ◽  
Mônica Lá-Salette da costa Godinho ◽  
Valéria Cruz Meirelles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Care ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Care Program ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Diagnostic Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
The North ◽  
Nursing Diagnosis

ABSTRACT Objective: identifying the frequency of nursing diagnosis Risk for falls in the elderly and assess their risk factors. Method: retrospective study based on data recorded in the medical records of elderly patients in the Elderly Care Program. Data collection was done between May-June 2009, by means of a questionnaire with information on the epidemiological and diagnostic study, classified according to the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA-I), after approval by the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Alfenas (protocol 23087.001613/2009-01). For tabulation and analysis of data the statistical program Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used.  Descriptive statistics allowed us to describe and summarize the data obtained which were compared using the chi-square (X2) and Fisher's exact test. The statistical significance level adopted was 5% (p

scholarly journals Awareness and Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccines among Pharmacy Students in Zambia: The Implications for Addressing Vaccine Hesitancy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steward Mudenda ◽  
Moses Mukosha ◽  
Johanna Catharina Meyer ◽  
Joseph Fadare ◽  
Brian Godman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract Background: Several vaccines have been developed and administered since coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic in March 2020. In April 2021, the authorities in Zambia administered the first doses of the Oxford-AstraZeneca® COVID-19 vaccine. However, little is known about the awareness and acceptability of the vaccines among the Zambian population. This study was undertaken to address this starting with undergraduate pharmacy students in Zambia. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among 326 undergraduate pharmacy students in Zambia using an online semi-structured questionnaire from 12th to 25th April 2021 and analysed using Stata version 16. Test of associations were undertaken using Pearson chi-square test or Fisher's exact test as appropriate. The multivariable logistic regression was used to investigate the determinants of awareness and acceptability. All statistical tests were performed at a 5% significance level and 95% confidence level. Results: Among 326 participants, 98.8% were aware of the COVID-19 vaccination programme but only 24.5% would accept the vaccine should it be made available to them. Awareness of the COVID-19 vaccine was influenced by religious beliefs (aOR=0.01, 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.20, p=0.004). Being male (aOR=1.78, 95% CI: 1.05 to 3.02, p=0.034) and single (aOR=2.61, 95% CI: 1.04 to 6.55, p=0.041) was associated with higher odds of accepting the vaccine. Being unemployed (aOR=0.31, 95% CI: 0.15 to 0.66, p=0.002) was associated with lower odds of vaccine acceptancy. Barriers to acceptance of the vaccine were possible side effects (78.5%) and scepticism about its effectiveness to prevent COVID-19 (10.2%). Conclusion: There was significant vaccine hesitancy towards COVID-19 vaccines among Zambian pharmacy students despite their awareness about the vaccines. Health authorities must work collaboratively with the Universities and other institutions to mitigate vaccine hesitancy, especially with pharmacy students a key part of the future healthcare workforce overseeing disease prevention strategies. These findings can help guide future interventions to address vaccine hesitancy to reduce future transmission rates of this virus.

scholarly journals Association between agenesis and root morphology of anterior teeth

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo BORALI ◽  
Carolina Carmo de MENEZES ◽  
Giovana Cherubini VENEZIAN ◽  
Silvia Amélia Scudeler VEDOVELLO ◽  
Viviane Veroni DEGAN
Keyword(s):  
Root Morphology ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Tooth Agenesis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

Abstract Introduction Tooth agenesis is likely to affect the root teeth and should be considerated in orthodontic tratament. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the association between agenesis and root morphology of anterior teeth. Material and method The anterior teeth of 51 individuals were evaluated on 102 periapical radiographs and then divided into three groups: Group 1 (n=16) – no tooth agenesis; Group 2 (n=17) – only third molar agenesis; and Group 3 (n=18) – tooth agenesis of premolars or lateral incisors. Root morphology of anterior teeth was evaluated and the roots were classified as short, blunt, apically bent, and pipette-shaped. Fisher’s exact test was used to compare root shapes, the chi-square test was used to obtain the distribution of sexes between the groups, and ANOVA was performed to compare the ages between the groups. The significance level was set at 5% for all analyses. Result There was significant difference in root shapes (P<0.05) between the groups. Blunt roots were the most prevalent in all groups, but their rate was higher in Group 3 (83%). Conclusion There was association between agenesis and root morphology of anterior teeth.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Subgingival Staphylococcus at Periodontally Healthy and Diseased Sites

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Rafaela Martins dos Santos ◽  
Clarissa Favero Demeda ◽  
Eutália Elizabeth Novaes Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Maria Helena Marques Fonseca de Britto ◽  
Kenio Costa Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

Staphylococci are considered members of the transient oral microbiota and are seldom isolated from the oral cavity. The aim of this study was to establish the prevalence of subgingival staphylococci in healthy and periodontal disease sites. Sterile endodontic paper points were used to isolate subgingival staphylococci in periodontally healthy and periodontally diseased sites in 30 adult subjects (n=540 sites). Staphylococcus spp were identified by an automated method and confirmed by conventional biochemical tests. All the samples were identified as coagulase-negative staphylococci. The results were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U, chi-square and Fisher's exact test at 5% significance level. A total of 86.7% of the subjects harbored these microorganisms in 11.7% of their periodontal sites. The most frequently isolated species was S. auricularis, which was isolated from 31.4% of the periodontal sites, followed by S. epidermidis, isolated from 21.4% of them. There was no statistically significant difference between the frequencies of these species isolated either from the healthy and the diseased sites (p>0.153). Although staphylococci are present in the subgingival environment and contribute to the pathogenic synergism involved in periodontal diseases, the results suggest that they do not participate directly in the pathogenesis of these diseases.

scholarly journals A one-year clinical evaluation of IPS E.max press versus CERASMART endocrowns in anterior endodontically treated teeth: a randomised clinical

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norhan Naief Abd El Haliem ◽  
Jylan Elguindy ◽  
Amina A Zaki
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Endodontically Treated Teeth ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: the purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare, gross fracture, patient satisfaction, and marginal adaptation of anterior endocrowns restoring endodontically treated anterior teeth fabricated from IPS e.max press and CERASMART hybrid ceramics. Material and methods: A total of 24 patients were selected to receive an esthetic endocrowns for upper teeth in the esthetic zone (central incisor, lateral and canine).The 24 patients were divided into 2 groups (n=12 each), where Group (1): Control group: Teeth receiving IPS e.max press anterior endocrowns and Group (2): Intervention group: Tooth receiving CERASMART anterior endocrowns . After cementation all patients were recalled after 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. During each recall examination, USPHS criteria were adopted for clinical evaluation to score margin integrity and gross fracture. In addition, questionnaires were used to evaluate patients’ satisfaction and potential postoperative discomfort. Chi-square or Fisher’s Exact test were used to compare between qualitative variables in the two groups. Friedman’s test was used to study the changes by time within each group. The significance level was set at P ? 0.05. Results: Regarding gross fracture and marginal integrity, there was no statistically significant difference at any time interval between IPS e.max press and CERASMART endocrowns. All the patients were satisfied with their restorations till the end of the follow up period. Conclusions: CERASMART anterior endocrowns provided a promising treatment modality compared to ips press anterior endocrowns.

scholarly journals Prevalence of temporomandibular disorder and its association with stress and anxiety among university students

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Aparecida Benincá Ton ◽  
Iago Gomes Mota ◽  
Janice Sympson De Paula ◽  
Ana Paula Varela Brown Martins
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorder ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Student’S T

Objective: The objective was to evaluate the prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) and the association with stress and anxiety among university students. Material and Methods: The Fonseca Anamnestic Index, Trait-State Anxiety Inventory (IDATE) and LIPP Stress Symptom Inventory (LIPP) were applied for 714 voluntaries. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyzes were performed using the chi-square or Fisher's exact test and the Student's t-test or ANOVA, significance level of 5%. Results: The prevalence of TMD was 68.63%, 46.9% had mild TMD. There was a statistically significant difference between the means of age and the severity of the TMD, higher mean values for severe TMD (22.5 ± 3.3 years). There was a statistically significant association between the female and TMD, higher prevalence of mild TMD. Among the volunteers diagnosed with TMD, a significant number were diagnosed without stress, but there was a statistically significant association between those diagnosed with stress and mild TMD, anxiety and TMD, (state: moderate anxiety and DTM - 50%; trait: moderate and severe anxiety and mild DTM - 49.3% and 49.87%, respectively). Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of TMD signs and symptoms, with higher prevalence in the female gender, mild TMD was more significant, and anxiety and stress were significantly present among university students with TMD signs and symptoms.KeywordsTemporomandibular disorder; Anxiety; Psychological stress.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with alcohol consumption during pregnancy

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavia Hashizume Baptista ◽  
Klenia Bethania Bispo Rocha ◽  
Júlia Lustosa Martinelli ◽  
Lucimar Retto da Silva de Avó ◽  
Rodrigo Alves Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Steady Partner ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Objectives: to investigate the prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy and its sociodemographic, reproductive and newborn-related factors. Methods: a cross-sectional and exploratory study carried out on a sample of post-partum women, recruited daily over six months. Sociodemographic and reproductive information about the women and data concerning the newborns were collected. T-ACE questionnaire was used to identify the pattern of alcohol consumption by the women. They were divided into two groups: alcohol consumers (T-ACE score ≥2) and non-alcohol consumers. Comparisons between the two groups were made using the unpaired t test, chi-square test or Fisher's exact test according to the type of variable analyzed. The significance level was set at 5%. Results: out of 925 women, 818 (88.4%) agreed to participate. Among them, 60 (7.3%) were T-ACE positive, i.e. identified as alcohol consumers. Regarding the sociodemographic information, alcohol consumption was more frequent among women who did not have a steady partner (p=0.010). No reproductive variable presented a significant difference between the groups. A lower weight was observed among children of T-ACE positive mothers (3,045g±71.0 vs 3,192g±19.2; p=0.040). Conclusions: identifying and characterizing women who are more susceptible to alcohol consumption during pregnancy can contribute to developing more effective public health intervention strategies.

scholarly journals Endonasal endoscopic pituitary surgery in the elderly

2018 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 429-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Wilson ◽  
Sacit B. Omay ◽  
Ashutosh Kacker ◽  
Vijay K. Anand ◽  
Theodore H. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Complication Rate ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Medical Complications ◽  
Tumor Diameter ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Pseudoaneurysm Formation ◽  
Significant Difference

OBJECTIVEPituitary adenomas are benign, slow-growing tumors that cause symptoms either through mass effect or hormone overproduction. The decision to operate on a healthy young person is relatively straightforward. In the elderly population, however, the risks of complications may increase, rendering the decision more complex. Few studies have documented the risks of surgery using the endonasal endoscopic approach in a large number of elderly patients. The purpose of this study was to audit a single center's data regarding outcomes of purely endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenomas in elderly patients and to compare them to the current literature.METHODSA retrospective review of a prospectively acquired database of all endonasal endoscopic surgeries done by the senior authors was queried for patients aged 60–69 years and for those aged 70 years or older. Demographic and radiographic preoperative data were reviewed. Outcomes with respect to extent of resection and complications were examined and compared with appropriate statistical tests.RESULTSA total of 135 patents were identified (81 aged 60–69 years and 54 aged 70 years or older [70+]). The average tumor diameter was slightly larger for the patients in the 70+ age group (mean [SD] 25.7 ± 9.2 mm) than for patients aged 60–69 years (23.1 ± 9.8 mm, p = 0.056). There was no significant difference in intraoperative blood loss (p > 0.99), length of stay (p = 0.22), or duration of follow-up (p = 0.21) between the 2 groups. There was a 7.4% complication rate in patients aged 60–69 years (3 nasal and 3 medical complications) and an 18.5% complication rate in patients older than 70 years (4 cranial, 3 nasal, 1 visual, and 2 medical complications; p = 0.05 overall and 0.013 for cranial complications). Cranial complications in the 70+ age category included 2 postoperative hematomas, 1 pseudoaneurysm formation, and 1 case of symptomatic subdural hygromas.CONCLUSIONSEndonasal endoscopic surgery in elderly patients is safe, but there is a graded increase in complication rates with increasing age. The decision to operate on an asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic patient in these age groups should take this increasing complication rate into account. The use of a lumbar drain or lumbar punctures should be weighed against the risk of subdural hematoma in patients with preexisting atrophy.

Effects of Relationship Enrichment Training on Improving Marital Satisfaction of Infertile Couples: A Randomized Control Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Zahra Masoumi ◽  
Khodayar Oshvandi ◽  
Masoumeh Rostami-Moez ◽  
Arezoo Shayan ◽  
Farideh Kazemi
Keyword(s):  
Marital Satisfaction ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Infertile Couples ◽  
Relationship Enrichment

Background: Infertility can cause low marital satisfaction. Marital satisfaction has an important effect on infertile couples’ health. Objective: This study aimed to assess the effect of relationship enrichment training on improving the marital satisfaction of infertile couples. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 50 infertile couples in the infertility center of Fatemieh Hospital in Hamadan, Iran in 2018. Participants were matched for demographic characteristics and randomly assigned to intervention and control groups (each group had 25 couples). Informed consent was obtained from all participants. The Enrich Marital Satisfaction questionnaire and demographic information were used to collect data before the study and two months after the intervention. Two trained midwifery students taught only the intervention group the relationship enrichment topics in seven sessions (each session = 90 minutes). The data were analyzed by SPSS Statistics version 21 using analysis of covariance, independent t-test, chi-square, and Mann–Whitney. The significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: There was no significant difference in demographic and obstetric information between the two groups (p >0.05). The mean of marital satisfaction in the intervention group significantly increased among women and men from 151.00 ±28.61 to 154.88 ±22.62 and from 152.56 ±27.33 to 159.24 ±22.14, respectively, (p <0.001). Conversely, the mean of marital satisfaction decreased among women and men from 158.13 ±13.86 to 146.25 ±19.53 and from 164.25 ±17.00 to 153.17 ±27.50 in the control group (p=0.02). Conclusion: Relationship enrichment training can be effective in promoting the marital satisfaction of infertile couples. Registration number: The National Center for Strategic Research in medical education, No. 960185.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document