scholarly journals Inhibitory Effect of Dry Garlic Powder on the Nickel Chloride-induced Somatic and Germinal Cell Damages in Male Mice

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Syed Imam Rabbani
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Nickel Chloride ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Germinal Cell ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Garlic Powder

Background: Nickel is commonly used in industry, utensils and also present in cigarette. Over-exposure of nickel is known to cause several health complications including somatic and germinal cell injuries. Garlic (Allium sativum) being a spice has several pharmacological properties. However, its role on the nickel chloride induced somatic and reproductive cells damages are poorly studied in the literature. Objective: To evaluate the effect of garlic powder on nickel chloride induced somatic and germinal cell damages in male mice. Methods: Dried garlic clove powder is used in this study in three doses via., 50. 100 and 150 mg/kg, per oral (p.o) for 4-weeks against the nickel chloride [(10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal (i.p)] induced somatic and germinal damages. Somatic cells damages were studied using peripheral micronucleus test and germinal cell damages by sperm count and sperm shape abnormalities in male mice. Further, the in-vitro hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity of the garlic was evaluated. Ascorbic acid was tested as a standard drug. The data of the results were analyzed by One-way Anova and Tukey as post hoc test. Results: The result indicated that nickel chloride enhanced significantly (p<0.001) both somatic and germinal cell damages compared to control animals. The administration of garlic powder at 150 mg/kg significantly (p<0.001) minimized the frequency of micronuclei in the erythrocytes and reduced the spermatozoa anomalies compared to the nickel chloride group. The garlic powder also exhibited significant hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity. Conclusion: The data indicated that garlic powder at 150 mg/kg reduced the cellular damaging effects of nickel chloride on somatic and germinal cells and the mechanism could be related to the free radical scavenging activity.

scholarly journals FREE RADICAL QUENCHING EFFICACY OF VARIOUS EXTRACTS OF C.PICTUS TO COMBAT OXIDATIVE DAMAGE/STRESS: AN IN VITRO STUDY

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Amala Reddy ◽  
Ganesh Venkatayappa
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Polar Solvents ◽  
Standard Drug

Objectives: The objectives of this research article are to elucidate the antioxidant activity of the sequentially extracted fractions using solvents with a varying range of polarity from the leaves of Costus pictus (Zingiberaceae). The antioxidant efficacy to combat the oxidative stress was evaluated based on their superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity of the leaf extract.Methods: Extraction was performed by sequential extraction methods with low to high polar solvents. Using hexane as a low polar, dichloromethane as medium polar, and ethyl acetate and methanol as high polar, based on their individual boiling points extraction was carried out. The extracts were then evaporated using a rotary evaporator under vacuum and stored in the dry container. Then, antioxidant activity of each extract was evaluated for superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and NO scavenging activity, ascorbic acid was used as a standard drug for the study of antioxidant activity. The output was statistically interpreted, and the most significant concentration of the best extract with good antioxidant activity was evaluated.Results: As the methanolic solvent is highly polar and able to retrieve the active lead components from the plant material, was very well correlated with the higher degree of free radical scavenging efficacy. It also exhibited the most and significant inhibition in superoxide radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide scavenging, and NO scavenging which was about 86±1.23, 94±0.34, and 86±1.87 at 250 µg/ml of extract, respectively. The results from our experiments were in par with the positive control chosen.Conclusions: The above results help us to substantially conclude that bioactive components are extracted well in high polar solvents such as methanol, which mainly includes flavonoids and related polyphenols. These compounds present in C. pictus may be an active lead for potent antioxidant activities which would need further investigations in molecular level.Keywords: Costus pictus, Hexane, Dichloromethane, Ethyl acetate, Methanol, Ascorbic acid.

Synthesis and Evaluation of bis-Schiff Bases of Carbohydrazide as Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Agents

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarosh Iqbal ◽  
Shumaila Kiran ◽  
Shahida Perveen ◽  
Rizwana Malik ◽  
Muhammad Taha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schiff Bases ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Cytotoxic Agents ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽  
Better Than

Background & Introduction : Antioxidants are known to prevent oxidative stress-induced damage to the biomolecules and thus, delay the onset of cancers and many age-related diseases. Therefore, the development of novel and potent antioxidants is justified. Method: During this study, we synthesized symmetrical bis-Schiff bases of carbohydrazide 1-27, and evaluated their in vitro antioxidative activity and cytotoxic activity. Results: Among synthesized compounds, six compounds 20 (IC50 = 12.89 ± 0.02 µM), 16 (IC50 = 14.32 ± 0.43 µM), 17 (IC50 = 18.52 ± 0.83 µM), 19 (IC50 = 22.84 ± 0.62 µM), 24 (IC50 = 35.1 ± 0.82 µM) and 15 (IC50 = 40.03 ± 1.06 µM) showed an excellent 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, better than the standard butylatedhydroxyanisole (BHA) (IC50 = 44.6 ± 0.6 µM). Likewise, two compounds 16 (IC50 = 4.3 ± 1.3 µM) and 20 (IC50 = 6.6 ± 1.6 µM) showed oxidative burst scavenging activity better than the standard drug ibuprofen (IC50 = 11.2 ± 1.9 µM). Some synthesized compounds showed good to moderate toxicity against prostate cancer (PC-3) cell lines. Conclusion: This study has identified potent antioxidants and good cytotoxic agents with the potential to further investigate.

scholarly journals Studies on In-vitro Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Potentials of Annona muricata Leaf Extracts

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-183
Author(s):  
Idorenyin Nwaehujor ◽  
Samuel Akande ◽  
Olubunmi Atolani ◽  
Gabriel Olatunji
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Membrane Stabilization ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Proteinase Inhibition

Inflammation has stimulated significant worldwide scientific interest because of its implication in many human diseases. Most inflammations are caused by reactive oxygen species or free radicals. Annona muricataleaf extracts were investigated for their in-vitroantioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials. Annona muricataleavesweredried at room temperature, blended using a mill.and extracted with solvents of varying degree of polarities. The solventsused were hexane, ethyl acetate,and ethanol. After sequential extraction, the crude extracts were examined for their in-vitroanti-inflammatory activities on lipoxygenase inhibition, proteinase inhibition, albumin denaturation inhibition,and red blood cell membrane stabilization assays,while the antioxidant activities were examined using DPPH, ABTS and hydrogen peroxide assays. The results showed that the ethanol extract had significantlyhigher albumin denaturation inhibition activity at 500 μg/mL (p &lt; 0.01). The activity of all the extracts on proteinase inhibition decreased with the increase in concentration of the extracts. Indomethacin (standard), ethanol extract,and ethyl acetate extract exhibited a dose dependent increase in lipoxygenase activity. The ethanol extract showed highred blood cell membrane stabilization activity at 500 μg/mL and the activity was comparable with that of the standard (diclofenac). Hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity of the extracts and standard (Vitamin C) were comparable at 20 –100 μg/mL. The ethanol extract showed significantly higher(p &lt; 0.01) DPPH radical scavenging activity compared with other extracts. A similar trend was also observed for ABTS radical scavenging activity. Generally,the ethanol extract exhibited higher anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities in most of the assays, this could be attributed to the polar compounds present in the extract.

scholarly journals Design, Synthesis, Antimicrobial, and Antioxidant Activities of Novel-{4, 5-(substituted diphenyl)-4H-1, 2, 4-triazol-3-ylthio} Acetyl Chloride

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-167
Author(s):  
Prabhakar Kumar VERMA ◽  
Mukesh KUMAR ◽  
Nelam MALIK ◽  
Priyanka DHIMAN ◽  
Anurag KHATAHAR
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Acetyl Chloride ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Standard Drug

A series of 20 new biologically active derivatives of 2-{4, 5-(substituted diphenyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ylthio}acetyl chloride has been synthesized, with the aim to investigate antimicrobial, free radical scavenging activity. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by spectroscopic data and elemental analysis. The final compounds were tested for antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 3160, Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441; Gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli MTCC 443, and, for antifungal activity, against Candida albicans MTCC 227 and Aspergillus niger MTCC 281, taking ciprofloxacin as antibacterial and fluconazole as antifungal standard drugs. Compound 7a6 was found to be the most effective antibacterial (MIC = 3.12 µg/ml), and compounds 7a2 and 7d1 (MIC = 3.12 and 6.25 µg/ml) had the most effective antifungal effects on the selected strains, as compared to the standard drugs. The results of antioxidant studies revealed that compound 7b1 was found to be most active antioxidant, with 40.4±0.687 µg/ml, and compounds 7b3, 7d7, and 7d4 also showed promising free radical scavenging activity, as compared with the standard drug ascorbic acid.

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and In-vitro antioxidant activity of Centella asiatica extracts

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 615
Author(s):  
Mukesh Kumar Yadav ◽  
Santosh Kumar Singh ◽  
JS Tripathi ◽  
YB Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Screening

<p><em>Centella asiatica</em> also known as <em>mandukparni </em>or Indian pennywort or <em>jalbrahmi</em>, which has been used as a medicine in the Ayurveda from ancient times and mentioned in many classical texts of Ayurveda. <em>Centella asiatica</em> has long been used to improve memory and cognitive function.</p><p>The study aimed to identify the phytochemicals present in different solvent extracts of <em>Centella asiatica </em>(i.e. PECA- Petroleum ether extract of <em>C. asiatica, </em>CCA- Chloroform extract of <em>C. asiatica, </em>EACA- Ethyl acetate extract of <em>C. asiatica,</em> ECA- Ethanolic extract of <em>C. asiatica, </em>HACA- Hydro-alcoholic extract of <em>C. asiatica</em>)<em> </em>and evaluate the respective in-vitro antioxidant potentials. <em></em></p><p>The phytochemical screening of extracts was done with standardized procedures and the antioxidant potential of different solvent extracts of <em>Centella asiatica</em> was assessed by its free radical scavenging activity 2, 2-diphenyl -1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) as well as hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay respectively for reducing capability.</p><p>In all different solvent extracts of <em>C. asiatica</em> revealed excellent free radical scavenging activity as revealed by 2-2- diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay with  EC<sub>50</sub> values for ECA=128.752±1.85 μg/ml, HACA=274.884±1.21 μg/ml and hydrogen peroxide assay against the standard (Butylated hydroxytoluene) BHT, with the EC<sub>50</sub> values ECA=429.69±0.92 μg/ml HACA=458.08±0.58 μg/ml while rest solvent extracts shown very less antioxidant activity.</p><p> The present study indicates that the <em>Centella asiatica</em> extracts have good antioxidant activity which can be used in stress and anxiety and also a good source to be used as natural drugs.</p>

scholarly journals Antioxidant & analgesic activities of leaves of Panlata (Derris trifoliate): In vitro investigation

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Raihan Sarkar ◽  
Moynul Hasan ◽  
Md Sariful Islam Howlader ◽  
Mohammad Saydur Rahman ◽  
Shubhra Kanti Dey
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Immersion Method ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
In Vitro Investigation

In the present study, the antioxidant and analgesic potential of the ethanolic extract of the leaves of Derris trifoliata was evaluated. The free radical scavenging activity of the crude extract on the stable radical 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was determined by comparing the DPPH inhibitory capacity of the extract. In the quantitative assay, Derris trifoliata extract displayed a free radical scavenging activity in the DPPH assay (IC50 = 19 ?g/ml) which is comparable to that of ascorbic acid (IC50 = 7.80 ?g/ml), a well-known standard antioxidant. The analgesic responses of the given samples of extracts were evaluated using the Tail immersion method. In the analgesic activity test, extract at dose of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg exhibited significant (P<0.05 and P<0.001 respectively) inhibition of pain by 166.82 and 184.95 after 120 and 180 minutes respectively while the standard drug Diclofenac Na inhibition was found to be 217.67 after 180 minutes at a dose of 25 mg/kg body weight DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijpls.v1i2.12951 International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences Vol.1(2) 2012

scholarly journals Screening of Aerial Parts of Kigelia Pinnata for its Antioxidant, Wound Healing and Antimicrobial Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
Prashant Kaushik ◽  
Vishal Shrivastava ◽  
Parul Mehata ◽  
Janki Prasad Rai
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Wound Model ◽  
Kigelia Pinnata

The antioxidant activity was performed by DPPH Scavenging activity method and Hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity method. Ascorbic acid was taken as standard in both methods. DPPH and Hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity methods of 100µg/ml extracts shows better % inhibition as compared to control and 50 µg/ml extracts. In DPPH Scavenging activity % inhibition of 100µg/ml methanolic extracts was 60.72% and in Hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity it was found to be 26%. Wound healing activity was performed by Incision wound model and Excision wound model. In incision wound healing model, the tensile strength of the 4% test group and the Neosporin ointment treated group were comparable to each other. Tensile strength of 2% extract ointment showed lesser 3.38 gm/mm2 but significant increase in tensile strength compared to the control group 2.91 gm/mm2. The tensile strength of 4% test group was found to be 3.44 gm/mm2. Thus both concentrations of the extract as well as the standard drug showed a significant increase in tensile strength on the 9th day. In excision models the animals treated with the 4% w/w KPME ointment were shown to healed completely as compared to 2%w/w which was also at the complete healing stage as compared to control treated and the standard drug (Neosporin) treated group. The epithelization period of standard group and treated group was less in comparison with that of simple ointment base treated groups. The percentage of wound contraction was much more with the 4% w/w extract was similar to that of Neosporin treated group. 2%w/w treated group of animals showed significant wound contraction. In antimicrobial activity, both antibacterial and antifungal potentiality was evaluated. In mic of antibacterial methanolic extract of Kigelia pinnta inhibit strains of E.coli and strain of Shigella boyelii, Salmonella aureus and Baccilus subtitis were found to be completely resistant. In mic of antifugal activity, all the fungal strain were inhibited by methanolic extract of Kigelia pinnata. These findings may provide a lead for further investigation of the overall pharmacological aciotns of Kigelia pinnata methanolic extract in more appropriate model. Keywords: Kigelia pinnata, DPPH, Anti-oxidant, DMSO, ANOVA

scholarly journals Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Citrus paradisi and Naringin -An In vitro Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Roghini ◽  
K. Vijayalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Citrus Paradisi

The present study attempts to find naturally-occurring antioxidants of fruit-based which give efficacy by additive activities. Citrus paradisi, known as Grape fruit contains significant bioactive components such as Naringin. The present study examines the free radical scavenging activity of ethanolic extract of Citrus paradisi and Naringin. The study was carried out with different radical scavenging assays like hydroxyl, DPPH, hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide, super oxide. Citrus paradisi extracts showed lower radical scavenging activities in assays such as DPPH, superoxide and hydroxyl when compared with Naringin. Naringin showed the higher radical scavenging effect with nitric oxide, and hydrogen peroxide in comparison with citrus paradisi extract. However, both were analysed by using ascorbic acid as standard. The current study gives evidence that both showed potential free radical scavenging activity.

scholarly journals Free Radical Scavenging Capacities and Alleviating Actions of Polysaccharides Extract of Termitomyces le-testui on Methylprednisolone-Induced Immunodepression in Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Foncham Evans Ngwenah ◽  
Kada Sanda Antoine ◽  
Salah Martin ◽  
Tume Christopher ◽  
Oumar Mahamat
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Crude Polysaccharide

Background. Natural products have been said to show immunomodulatory and antioxidant activities. The research study was aimed to assess the immunomodulatory and free radical scavenging activities of crude polysaccharide from dry mushroom fruiting bodies of Termitomyces le-testui. Materials and Methods. Hot water extract of polysaccharide extract of T. le-testui was prepared and tested in white albino Wister rats for its immunomodulatory activities effect on methylprednisolone-immunosuppressed animals. In addition, the radical scavenging activity of the polysaccharide was evaluated using nitrite and hydrogen peroxide. Results. The result of the study showed that the polysaccharide T. le-testui increases the phagocytic index, energy metabolism of macrophages, spleen index, and nitric oxide in a concentration-dependent manner in immunosuppressed animals. Also, it was observed that the extract increased dose-dependent total oxidative stress and thymus index. Finally, the crude polysaccharide-rich extract showed nitrite and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusion. Polysaccharide-rich extract possesses immunomodulatory and antioxidant properties.

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