scholarly journals Isolation and Antibiotic Resistance of Achromobacter xylosoxidans from Non-respiratory Tract Clinical Samples: A 10-year Retrospective Study in a Tertiary-care Hospital in Hungary

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Márió Gajdács
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Achromobacter Xylosoxidans ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital ◽  
Care Teaching

Aims: To assess the prevalence of A. xylosoxidans isolated from non-respiratory tract samples from adult inpatients and outpatients and the antibiotic resistance levels at a tertiary-care teaching hospital in Szeged, Hungary retrospectively, during a 10-year study period. Study Design: Retrospective microbiological study. Place and Duration of Study: 1st of January 2008 - 31st of December 2017 at the University of Szeged, which is affiliated with the Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, a primary- and tertiary-care teaching hospital in the Southern Great Plain of Hungary. Methodology: Data collection was performed electronically. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed using disk diffusion method and when appropriate, E-tests on Mueller–Hinton agar plates. Results: During the 10-year study period, a total of 68 individual A. xylosoxidans isolates were identified (6.8±3.6/year, range: 0-11 isolates). The frequency of isolation in the first half of the study period (2008-2017) was n=22, while in 2013-2017, this number was n=46. The majority of isolates (51 out of 68) were from inpatient departments. 32 out of 68 patients were female (female-to-male ratio: 0.89). The susceptibilities of the respective A. xylosoxidans isolates (n=68) were the following: high levels of susceptibility for imipenem and meropenem (n=63; 92.6%), and moxifloxacin (n=55; 80.9%), while higher rates of resistance were detected for sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (susceptible: n=36; 52.9%), ciprofloxacin (susceptible: n=40; 58.8%) and almost all isolates were resistant to ceftazidime (susceptible: n=3; 4.4%) and cefepime (n=2; 2.9%). Conclusion: The existing literature on Achromobacter infections in the context of non-respiratory human infections is scarce, as the incidence of these pathogens in clinically-relevant syndromes in low. The developments in diagnostic technologies in routine clinical microbiology will probably lead to a shift in the isolation frequency of these bacteria in the future.

scholarly journals SURVEILLANCE OF MORTALITY: FROM A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL OF EASTERN INDIA IN PERSONS WITH AND WITHOUT DIABETES MELLITUS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Shobhitendu Kabi ◽  
Shrikant Kumar Dhar ◽  
Baikuntha Nath Panda ◽  
Chandan Das ◽  
Kamal Kant Jena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Mortality Pattern ◽  
Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital ◽  
Care Teaching ◽  
The World

Objective: There is abundant knowledge about the gravity of global load of diabetes mellitus (DM). There are conflicting reports on the cause of death from different parts of the world. In India, there are not enough studies to establish the cause of death in DM. To find out the mortality pattern in DM and non-DM (NDM) in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Eastern India.Methods: Retrospective analysis of in-hospital mortality in a tertiary care hospital in Eastern India, from January 2012 to December 2015.Results: There were a total of 1590 deaths of which 442 were having DM and 1148 did not have DM (NDM). Mean age of death for nondiabetics was 66.4 years (M:F = 67.5:65.3) and that for diabetics were 62.7 years (M:F = 63.5:60.04) which was not statistically significant (p=0.9) though diabetics died younger by 4 years. On analyzing the specific cause of death, coronary artery disease (CAD) was 14.71% in DM and 1.57% in NDM (p=0.0001). Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was 18.55% in DM and 1.92% in NDM (p=0.0001). Congestive heart failure was 7.27% in DM and 1.83% in NDM (p=0.0001). CVA was 13.57% in DM and 1.66% in NDM (p=0.0001). Infection was the most common cause of death (39.37%) in DM, but in NDM also this was quite high 34.41% (p=0.21). The death due to CVA in DM was more in hemorrhage as compared to ischemic (p=0.00001).Conclusion: We found causes of death in DM were an infection, CKD, CAD, CVA, and CHF in descending order in this part of the world. The diabetes patients had lesser hospital stay than nondiabetes patients (p=0.009).

scholarly journals A PRESCRIPTION PATTERN STUDY OF RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS IN PAEDIATRIC INDOOR PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL - A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandana Badar ◽  
Vidisha Parulekar ◽  
Priti Garate
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Acute Bronchiolitis ◽  
Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital ◽  
Care Teaching ◽  
Tract Infections

Objectives: The objectives of the study were as follows: (1) To study the prescription patterns in Respiratory tract infections (RTI) in indoor patients in pediatric wards. (2) To check the rationality of treatment according to Modified Kunin’s rationality criteria. (3)To analyze the data of RTI by Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification.Methods: It was a non-interventional, prospective, observational study which was conducted in indoor pediatric patients in a tertiary care teaching hospital in India. Data were analyzed and evaluated according to the WHO rational use of drugs guidelines.Study sample: The study sample was 174.Study duration: The study duration was August 15, 2016–September 15, 2016.Results: Males (63.79%) were more as compared to females (36.20%), and the highest number of cases was seen in infants (62.06%). Acute bronchiolitis (54.02%) was highest in the incidence followed by Wheeze Associated Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (WALRI) (30.45%). The average duration of patient stay in hospital was 4.71 days whereas 93.33% were polytherapy and mostly prescribed antibiotic was amoxicillin-clavulanic acid in acute bronchiolitis and WALRI. Salbutamol (40.84%) and Ipratropium Bromide (39.43%) were the commonly prescribed respiratory medicines. Oral route (42.27%) was the most common route of administration. 56.11% drugs were prescribed by generic name.Conclusion: Standard treatment guidelines for the treatment of RTI need to be urgently developed and strictly implemented.

scholarly journals Knowledge of danger signals of pregnancy among clients of maternal health services in tertiary care teaching hospital, Pune

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
Arunesh Kumar ◽  
Sachin Gupta ◽  
Prasad Pore
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Maternal Health Services ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Danger Signal ◽  
Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital ◽  
Danger Signals ◽  
Care Teaching

Background: India is among countries with a high maternal mortality rate. Every pregnant woman is at risk of developing pregnancy-related complication. It is not understood if and how the information and education on danger signals of pregnancy; translates into appropriate actions when a woman experiences a danger signal. Knowledge and recognition of danger signals during pregnancy would result in timely emergency obstetric care. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to determine the knowledge of key danger signals of pregnancy and its associated factors among the clients of maternal health services in tertiary care teaching hospital, Pune. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in obs. and gyne. dept. of tertiary care hospital for a period of 1 month that enrolled 55 eligible women who attended ANC and PNC clinic within study period. Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the IEC. The women were interviewed using a pre-tested questionnaire. All the women attending ANC and PNC clinic with a minimum of four ANC visits qualified the women for the inclusion in the study. Data analysis was performed using SPSS Version 20. The analyzed data were presented in suitable tabular format. Results: Out of 55 mothers, 43.6% know about four or more danger signals whereas 56.4% have knowledge of <4. The most recalled danger signals by the clients was labor pain before 8 months (70.9%), while no one is aware about the danger signal failure of placenta to come out (0%). Conclusion: This study indicated that the knowledge level of women regarding danger signals of pregnancy was low and affected by education level. Therefore, the identified deficiencies in awareness should be addressed through maternal and child health services.

scholarly journals Evaluation of causes of still birth in a tertiary care teaching hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 911
Author(s):  
Shivani Kothiyal ◽  
Anjoo Agarwal ◽  
Vinita Das ◽  
Amita Pandey ◽  
Smriti Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Hypertensive Disorder ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Still Birth ◽  
Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital ◽  
Care Teaching ◽  
Obstructed Labour

Background: Whenever pregnancy occurs there is an expectation that every pregnancy will end with the birth of a healthy baby, yet in a developing country like India 22 in every 1000 births are stillborn. The objective of this study was to evaluate the rate and causes of still birth in a tertiary care teaching hospital, Queen Mary, King George Medical college and university, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.Methods: Present study was an observational study in a tertiary care hospital. 7024 births occurred in the institution over a period of 1 year out of which 550 were stillbirths. Stillbirths which weighed over 500 grams were included in the study. After informed consent, details of history about epidemiological factors, obstetric history and medical history were obtained. Antenatal investigations including imaging, delivery details and stillborn morphological characteristics were analyzed to identify the cause of stillbirthResults: Out of 7024 deliveries, stillbirth rate was 78.30/1000 total births. Cause of intrapartum stillbirth showed statistically significant correlation with patient’s place of residence (rural>urban), distance of health centre from her house, time taken to reach first point of contact and her parity. The major obstetrical causes of stillbirth identified were APH 22.36%, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy 19.27%, IUGR 15.27%, unexplained causes 11.09%, mal-presentations 9.64%, rupture uterus 9.09% and obstructed labour 6.36%. Severe anemia was found in 24.91% as an associated obstetrical cause of stillbirth.Conclusions: The rate of stillbirth is higher as compared to the Indian data (22/1000 total births). Antepartum obstetric complications (APH, hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, IUGR) were the most common. 15.45% cases showed intrapartum causes of stillbirth (obstructed labour and rupture uterus) which was significantly higher than developed countries where such cases are negligible. The higher number of intrapartum deaths indicate that better healthcare services can drastically reduce stillbirth rates in developing countries.

scholarly journals A PROSPECTIVE STUDY ON DRUG UTILIZATION PATTERN OF ANTIDEPRESSANTS IN NON-PSYCHIATRIC DEPARTMENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL

2019 ◽  
pp. 224-226
Author(s):  
ANCY SEBASTIAN ◽  
ANEESHA PK ◽  
JOSHWA AREECKAL ◽  
SONIYA DAVIS
Keyword(s):  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital ◽  
Care Teaching ◽  
Cardiology Department ◽  
A Prospective Study

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the pattern of prescription and utilization of antidepressants (ADs) for various non-psychiatric indications in department of general medicine, cardiology, surgery, gynecology, and orthopaedic of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional unicentric drug utilization study of inpatients was carried out in a 450 bedded tertiary care hospital. The study included 200 subjects admitted for both psychiatric and non-psychiatric illness. Pediatric patients and those with a length of stay <48 h were excluded from the study. Results: Prescriptions of 200 patients were studied in which 55% were males and 45% were females. The most widely prescribed drug is alprazolam comprising 50% of the total drug consumption and is followed by clonazepam (19.5%), amitriptyline (13.5%), diazepam (9.5%), escitalopram (3.5%), lorazepam (3%), and zolpidem (0.5%). About 36% of the drugs were prescribed in the general medicine department, and 27.5% of the prescriptions were from the cardiology department. Prescriptions from surgery, orthopedics, and gynecology were 16%, 11.5%, and 9% of the total, respectively. Conclusion: ADs were found to be potentially useful for non-psychiatric indications such as peripheral and diabetic neuropathy, gastroenterological conditions, and urological conditions. No benefit was observed in insomnia and musculoskeletal conditions except for fibromyalgia. ADs were also found to improve the treatment outcome and quality of life of patients having comorbid psychiatric conditions being treated for non-psychiatric disorders.

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