Evaluation of Copper Status and Some Red Cell Parameters of Pregnant Women in Enugu State, South Eastern Nigeria

Copper is an essential trace mineral (micronutrient) that is naturally present in some foods and is available as a dietary supplement. Pregnancy, also known as gestation, is the time during which one or more offspring develops inside a woman.This study was desiged to assay the copper level of pregnant women in urban area and to evaluate the effect of the obtained valves on some blood parameters of the pregnant women. In this study, a total of 100 subjects and 50 controls was used. subjects were pregnant women while the controls were non-pregnant women. The copper level in subject was assayed with a serum copper test kit using automation with Bio E-lab fully automated chemistry analyzer and result of the complete blood count was gotten using Mindray Hematology analyzer. The mean for subjects (M=102.83±1.38) and control (M=102.68±0.94), p = 0.71. These results suggest that the difference between the copper level for subjects and controls is not really much.. The variables copper level and MCV were found to be slightly correlated, r(150) = ..018., p > .005. Additionally, copper levels in the subjects was also found to negatively correlated with MCH, r(150) = .907, p > .005. One-way analysis of variance showed that the correlation of copper levels was not significant on all of the red bloodcell parameters in the serum of the pregnant women.

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Serum Copper Level and Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis

Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation ◽

10.1159/000516518 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Qingtao Jiang ◽

Feng Zhang ◽

Lei Han ◽

Baoli Zhu ◽

Xin Liu

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Serum Copper ◽

Copper Level ◽

Serum Copper Level ◽

Copper Status ◽

Plasma Copper ◽

Mean Differences ◽

Ovarian Syndrome

Introduction: The association of serum copper with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) has been studied for years, but no definite conclusion is drawn. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to investigate serum copper concentrations in PCOS subjects compared with healthy controls. Methods: Electronic search was performed in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus up to June 30, 2020, without any restriction. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) with corresponding 95% CIs in serum copper levels were employed with random-effects model. I2 was applied to evaluate heterogeneity among studies. Results: Nine studies, measuring plasma copper levels in 1,168 PCOS patients and 1,106 controls, were included. Pooled effect size suggested serum copper level was significantly higher in women with PCOS (SMD = 0.51 μg/mL, 95% CI = [0.30, 0.72], p < 0.0001). The overall heterogeneity was not connected with subgroups of the country, but derived from the opposite result of 1 study. Conclusion: Our research generally indicated circulating copper level in PCOS sufferers was significantly higher than normal controls. Large-scale studies are still needed to elucidate the clear relation between copper status and etiology of PCOS.

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Effect of Serum Copper on Circulating Angiogenesis-Related Factors in Women with Preeclampsia

10.20944/preprints201909.0252.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Khalid Najm Nadheer ◽

Zohreh Zahraei ◽

Hussein Al-Hakeim

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Serum Copper ◽

Control Group ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Related Factors ◽

Soluble Endoglin ◽

Iraqi Women ◽

Endothelial Integrity ◽

And Control ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor

Preeclampsia (PE) is characterized by a series of clinical features such as hypertension and proteinuria associated with endothelial dysfunction and the impairment of placenta vascular endothelial integrity. This study aimed to investigate the effect of serum copper (Cu) level on some angiogenesis-related factors including vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sVEGF-R1), soluble endoglin (sEng) and cerruloplasmin (Cp) in Iraqi women with preeclampsia (PE) and control pregnant women. Therefore, 60 women with PE in addition to 30 healthy pregnant women were enrolled in the study. Serum concentration of sEng, VEGF-A, sVEGF-R1, and Cu in PE group significantly increased (p<0.05) in the PE group compared with that in the control group. Increased production of antiangiogenic factors, soluble VEGF-A and sEng contribute to the pathophysiology of PE, indicating the involvement of these parameters in the angiogenic balance in patients with PE. Tests for between-subject effects showed that the circulating angiogenesis factors and Cu were significantly associated with the presence of PE. Serum Cu level was significantly correlated with VEGF- A and VEGF-R1 levels but not with sEng. Multiple regression analysis revealed that only Cp and BP can significantly predict the complications in women with PE. In conclusion, serum Cu has a role in the angiogenesis in women with PE and may be a new drug target in the prevention or treatment of PE.

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Serum trace metals in Pre-Eclamptic Nigerians

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v7i3.13027 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 78-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ikechukwu Chidiebere Ikaraoha ◽

Nkeiruka Chigaekwu Mbadiwe ◽

John Ibhagbemien Anetor ◽

Isreal Agware Ojareva

Keyword(s):

Trace Metals ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Zinc Level ◽

Serum Copper ◽

Copper Level ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Lower Serum ◽

Significant Difference

Background: The role of trace metals in Pathogenesis of Pre-eclampsia has received insufficient attention in Nigeria.Materials and Methods: We examined the effect of serum levels of some trace metals; selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), and manganese (Mn) in the development of pre-eclampsia in Nigeria. Blood samples were collected from 59 pre-eclamptic, 150 normal pregnant and 122 non pregnant women. Serum Se, Zn, Cu, Co and Mn were determined by AAS.Results: Result shows significantly lower serum Se, Zn, Cu, Cu: Zn ratio, Co and Mn in pre-eclamptics compared to normal pregnant women (p<0.001). Comparison of normal pregnant women and controls showed non significant difference in the zinc level (P>0.05), significantly lower levels of serum Se, Co, Mn (p<0.00011, p=0.0022, p<0.0001 respectively) and significantly raised copper level (p<0.001) in normal pregnant women compared to controls. Serum Se, Zn, Co and Mn were significantly lower (p<0.001) while serum copper and Cu: Zn ratio were significantly higher (p<0.001) in pregnant women compared to controls. ANOVA shows significant progressive decreases in serum Se, Zn Co and Mn, from controls to normal pregnant women and pre-eclamptics (p<0.0001).Conclusion: Decreases in serum level of Se, Zn, Cu, Cu: Zn ratio, Co and Mn may play important role in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol. 7(3) 2016 78-83

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Platelet count estimation: a prognostic index in pregnancy induced hypertension

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20180158 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 476

Author(s):

Aakriti Gupta ◽

Jyoti Hak ◽

Isha Sunil ◽

Amita Gupta

Keyword(s):

Platelet Count ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Prognostic Index ◽

Disease Process ◽

Late Pregnancy ◽

Control Group ◽

The Mean ◽

The Difference ◽

And Control ◽

In Pregnancy

Background: Hypertension in pregnancy is one of the serious complications of pregnancy with an incidence of 5% to 7% of all pregnancies, particularly in cases with preeclampsia and eclampsia. Though platelet count during pregnancy is within the normal non pregnant reference values, there is a tendency for the platelet count to fall in late pregnancy. The frequency and intensity of maternal thrombocytopenia varies and is dependent on the intensity of the disease process and duration of PIH syndrome.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on 200 pregnant women attending OPD Or Inpatients in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, SMGS Hospital, GMC Jammu from November 2015 to October 2016. Pregnant women beyond 28 weeks gestation of pregnancy are included and divided into two groups i.e. the study and control group. Platelet counts will be done every 4 weeks in controls and weekly in subjects from 28 weeks till delivery.Results: The mean platelet count observed among cases of mild preecclampsia, severe preeclampsia and ecclampsia was 2.26, 1.63 and 0.99 lakh/mm3 respectively. The difference in mean platelet count among cases and controls was statistically significant. The association of platelet count with severity of different categories of PIH was analysed statistically and was highly significant.Conclusions: Platelet count is a very important investigation for the antenatal mother having PIH, as it is directly related to maternal and perinatal outcome. Routine and regular monitoring of platelet count can be included in the routine antenatal checkup among the pregnant women with PIH.

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Serum Copper Status in School-Age Children and Pregnant Women in China Nutrition and Health Survey 2010–2012

Biological Trace Element Research ◽

10.1007/s12011-016-0639-x ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 173 (2) ◽

pp. 268-274 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xiaobing Liu ◽

Jianhua Piao ◽

Yu Zhang ◽

Min Li ◽

Weidong Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Health Survey ◽

Serum Copper ◽

School Age Children ◽

School Age ◽

Nutrition And Health ◽

Copper Status

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Serum Copper and Plasma Protein Status in Preterm Delivery

Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist ◽

10.3329/jbsp.v7i1.11161 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 41-47

Author(s):

Masuda Sultana ◽

Nasim Jahan ◽

Nayma Sultana ◽

Rezina Akter

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Serum Copper ◽

Maternal Serum ◽

Full Term ◽

Copper Level ◽

Serum Copper Level ◽

Medical College ◽

Protein Status ◽

Neonatal Blood

Background: Preterm delivery is a major obstetric related problem in Bangladesh. Micronutrient deficiency especially deficiency of copper may affect pregnancy, delivery and outcome of pregnancy. Reduced serum copper concentration of the pregnant mother may have some role in resulting preterm delivery.Objectives: To observe serum Cu and protein status in preterm mother and their neonates.Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, between January and December 2009. A total number of 136 subjects were included in this study, and were divided into control (n=82) and study (n=54) groups. Of the control group, 28 were non pregnant women age ranged between 20-30 years, taken for reference value and another 54 were full term group, also treated as control, were sub-divided into normal full term mother (n=27) and their respective neonates ( n=27). Another 54 were preterm group, considered as study group, were sub-divided into preterm mothers (n=27) and their respective neonates (n=27). Age of preterm and full term mothers were between 20-40 years. All the subjects belonged to lower socioeconomic status. The pregnant women were selected from the labor ward of Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital and non pregnant women were from personal contact. Serum copper level was estimated by spectrophotometric method, to observe its level in these groups of study subjects. Serum total protein, albumin and globulin levels were estimated by usual laboratory technique in order to observe the availability of binding proteins as well as their nutritional status. Again, anthropometric data and blood hemoglobin level of the preterm and full term mother and birth weight of their respective neonates were measured to observe their nutritional status. Correlation of maternal serum copper concentration with that of neonatal blood and also with birth weight of the neonates were done to observe their relationship. Statistical analysis was done by Independent-Samples t test and Peaesons correlation coefficient tests as applicable.Results: Mean serum Cu, total protein and albumin levels were significantly (p<0.001) lower in preterm mother and their neonates in comparison to those of full term mother and their neonates respectively. Whereas, mean serum globulin level showed no statistically significant difference among the groups. Mean birth weight of preterm neonates was significantly lower in comparison to that of full term neonates. Again, maternal serum copper level showed negative correlation with that of neonatal blood but positive correlation with birth weight of their neonates in both full term and preterm mother, though these relationships were not statistically significant.Conclusions: The present study revealed hypocupremia and hypoproteinemia in pre-term delivery mother and their neonates. This hypocupremia may be due to poor maternal protein status. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v7i1.11161 J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2012, June; 7(1): 41-47

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Comparing the effect of in-person and virtual childbirth preparation trainings on the fear of childbirth (FOC) and pregnancy experience of pregnant women: protocol for a quasi-experimental feasibility study

Pilot and Feasibility Studies ◽

10.1186/s40814-021-00933-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Seyedeh Robab Mousavi ◽

Leila Amiri-Farahani ◽

Syedeh Batool Hasanpoor-Azghady ◽

Soghra Omrani Saravi

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Study Groups ◽

Control Group ◽

Fear Of Childbirth ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

The Difference ◽

Childbirth Preparation ◽

And Control ◽

Primiparous Women ◽

Type Of Delivery

Abstract Background Childbirth preparation trainings are an important component of prenatal education, and pregnant women are increasingly interested in seeking information from online sources. The aim of this study is to compare the feasibility and the effects of in-person and virtual childbirth preparation training courses on the pregnancy experience, fear of childbirth (FOC), birth preference, and type of delivery among pregnant women. Methods In total, 165 primiparous women referring to a prenatal clinic at Milad Hospital in Tehran, will be included in this study. The subjects will be selected using the convenience sampling method and will be divided into three groups of study A, study B, and control. The study groups A and B will receive virtual and in-person childbirth training with similar content, respectively. The control group will receive only routine prenatal care. In the 18th and 20th weeks of pregnancy, the demographic information, pregnancy experience scale (PES), and version A of the Wijma delivery expectancy/experience questionnaire (WDEQ-A) will be completed, and in the 36th and 38th weeks of pregnancy, the PES and WDEQ-A questionnaires, as well as birth preference form will be completed. The type of delivery will be recorded in the first few days of postpartum. Conclusion This quasi-experimental clinical trial will investigate the effect of virtual childbirth preparation training on primiparous women. The expected outcomes will include the difference in pregnancy experience measured by the brief version of PES, the difference in FOC measured by WDEQ-A, the birth preference, and the type of delivery. Trial registration IRCT.ir: IRCT20180427039436N2;

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Serum Copper and Plasma Protein Status in Normal Pregnancy

Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist ◽

10.3329/jbsp.v7i2.14452 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 66-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nushrat Noor ◽

Nasim Jahan ◽

Nayma Sultana

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Plasma Protein ◽

Total Protein ◽

Serum Copper ◽

Copper Level ◽

Serum Total Protein ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Protein Levels ◽

Control Serum ◽

Significant Difference

Background: Gradual alteration of serum copper and some plasma protein levels may occur with advancement of pregnancy, which is associated with increased maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. Objective: To observe serum copper and plasma protein levels in normal pregnant women of different trimesters in order to find out their nutritional status. Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC), Dhaka, between 1st January 2010 and December 2010. Ninety normal pregnant women of different trimesters with age 20-30 years were included in the study group. They were selected from Out Patient Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SSMC. Age matched 30 non-pregnant women were taken as control. Serum copper level was measured by Spectrophotometric method, serum total protein and albumin levels were estimated by standard method. Statistical analysis was done by one way ANOVA, Bonferroni and Pearsons correlation coefficient test as applicable. Results: Serum Cu levels were significantly higher in all trimesters of pregnant women compared to control. Again, this value was significantly higher in 3rd trimester than that of in 1st and 2nd trimester and also in 2nd trimester than that of in 1st trimester. In addition, mean serum total protein level was significantly lower in 3rd trimester than control but no statistically significant difference was observed among different trimesters. Again, mean serum albumin level was significantly lower in 2nd and 3rd trimester than 1st trimester and control. In addition, serum Cu concentration showed significant positive correlation with different trimesters of gestation. Conclusion: This study reveals that hypercupremia along with hypoproteinemia occur in pregnant women from 1st to 3rd trimester of gestation. This gradual alteration of micro and macronutrients become more profound with advancement of pregnancy. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v7i2.14452 J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2012, December; 7(2): 66-71

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Lead Level in Pregnant Women Suffering from Pre- Ec-lampsia in Baghdad City- Iraq

Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science ◽

10.23851/mjs.v28i2.493 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 7

Author(s):

Assala G. H. Al-Shammery

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Lead Level ◽

Significant Rise ◽

Control Group ◽

Health It ◽

Lead In Blood ◽

Women Health ◽

Lead Metal ◽

The Difference ◽

And Control

This study was conducted on the number of pregnant women suffering from symptoms of preeclampsia who live in different areas in Baghdad city. These areas were suffering from air pol-lution by different pollutants in high rates and it was chosen from among these pollutants lead metal which is a high percentage of air pollution where it was observed by measuring the level of lead in blood serum which taken from pregnant women by 40 pregnant women suffering from symptoms of preeclampsia and 20 pregnant women don't suffering from any abnormal symptoms during pregnancy period and classified as control group , so we found marked a significant rise in lead level in comparison with control group reaching ratio of lead in blood of pregnant women which suffering from symptoms of preeclampsia 38.44 mg/dl ± 3.0 mg/dl in comparison with con-trol group which 14.56 mg/d l± 2.50 mg/dl,this increase may refer to the amount of lead which found in the air and in excess of the normal limit which exposed pregnant women like all people through the overcrowding of roads and use fuel non-environmentally friendly through breathing which effect on pregnant women health, it has been shown on symptoms of preeclampsia from measuring systolic and diastolic blood pressure and measuring of urea in blood, T-test was used at possibility of(0.001)to see the difference between infected samples and control group, therefore this study suggested that a lead is one of the causes of preeclampsia because live in polluted and unhealthy environment. (pt space line

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Serum Copper level in Term women

Journal of Dhaka National Medical College & Hospital ◽

10.3329/jdnmch.v17i2.12202 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 18-20

Author(s):

Masuda Sultana ◽

Nasim Jahan ◽

Nayma Sultana ◽

Md Liakat Ali ◽

Dipok Kumar Sunyal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Serum Copper ◽

Full Term ◽

Copper Level ◽

Control Group ◽

Compensatory Mechanism ◽

Metabolic Demand ◽

Full Term Delivery ◽

Group B ◽

Age Range

Pregnancy is associated with an extraordinary metabolic demand both for the mother and developing fetus. Cu is essential for growth and development of normal human body. To measure serum Cu level in full term mother and non pregnant women. A total number of 55 subjects were included in this study; among them 27 were full term delivery mothers (group B) with age range from 20-40 years, taken as study group and 28 non pregnant women (group A) with age range from 20-30 years were taken as a control group. Statistical analysis was done by using appropriate method as applicable. Mean serum Cu level were significantly higher (p<0.001) in full term pregnant mother in comparison to that of non pregnant women. The present study revealed a higher level of Cu in full term mother than non pregnant women. The increased serum Cu level in full term mother than non pregnant women suggested that compensatory mechanism to counteract anemia this is accompained by increased synthesis of ceruloplasmin. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdnmch.v17i2.12202 J. Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2011; 17 (02): 18-20

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