scholarly journals Levothyroxine Administration Timing in Hypothyroidism Patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mohammed Saleh Daher Albalawi ◽  
Shoog Mohsen R. Alharbi ◽  
Reem Hammad M. Albalawi ◽  
Khaled Abdullah S. Alasmari ◽  
Nada Sulaiman E. Alatawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
The Body ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Morning Dose ◽  
Evening Meal ◽  
Evening Dose ◽  
Natural Hormone ◽  
Administration Timing

Levothyroxine is a synthetic T4 hormone that is biochemically and physiologically identical to the natural hormone, and it is used when the body is deficient in the natural hormone. This study was conducted to summarize the current evidence that compare evidence supporting morning dose to evening dose of levothyroxine in patients with hypothyroidism‎. A simple systematic review was carried out, searching databases PubMed, Google Scholar, and EBSCO. The authors extracted the needed data. There is conflicting data regarding effectiveness of morning dose versus evening dose in management of levothyroxine. More studies reported effectiveness of bedtime dose more than breakfast dose in hypothyroidism management. Numerous studies reported effectiveness of bedtime dose more than breakfast dose in hypothyroidism management. The most resent evidences recommended that, if possible, L‐T4 be consistently taken either 60 minutes before breakfast or at bedtime (3 or more hours after the evening meal), for optimal, consistent absorption.

scholarly journals Sugammadex in systemic mastocytosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Becerra-Bolaños ◽  
V. Muiño-Palomar ◽  
S. Cabrera-Doreste ◽  
A. Rodríguez-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Perioperative Management ◽  
Systemic Mastocytosis ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Anesthetic Management ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Current Evidence

AbstractPerioperative management in patients suffering from systemic mastocytosis is challenging. Most recommendations regarding anesthetic management in these patients are based on clinical reports, and there are controversies about the use of rocuronium and sugammadex. We present a case report of a patient with systemic mastocytosis who was given sugammadex for rocuronium reversal. Tryptase levels were monitored during the first postoperative 24 h, without evidence of elevation. We also performed a systematic review to provide an overview of current evidence regarding the safety of using sugammadex in patients suffering from systemic mastocytosis. The search strategy included PubMed and Google Scholar. All studies published up to and including January 2021 concerning anesthetic management in systemic mastocytosis were included. Of the 122 articles located, 9 articles were included: 2 reviews and 7 case reports. Data from reviewed studies confirm that sugammadex can safely be administered in patients suffering from systemic mastocytosis.

scholarly journals Use of Simulation in Newborn Resuscitation Education: Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Süreyya Sarvan ◽  
Emine Efe
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Neonatal Resuscitation ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Newborn Resuscitation ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Resuscitation Training ◽  
Academic Search

Objective: Every year, millions of newborns around the world need the help of health professionals to take their first breath. Healthcare professionals need to have comprehensive knowledge and skills of specified in the neonatal resuscitation algorithm to perform life-saving interventions quickly and accurately. However, since neonatal resuscitation is a rather complicated task, deviations from this algorithm are common. In this article, it is aimed to review the current evidence of simulation used to improve neonatal resuscitation training. Methods: This research is the systematic review design and is a qualitative research based on document analysis of the articles. The universe of the study consisted of 116 articles from 2015-2020, accessed from databases such as Medline Complete, Academic Search Complete, Academic Search Ultimate, CINAHL Complete, Directory of Open Access Journals, Google Scholar and Google Scholar. Nine articles that satisfy the criteria for inclusion in this study were evaluated within the scope of the study. Results: Eight of the nine studies included in the study were reported to be in use high reality simulations. In all studies, educational content ranging from theoretical lessons based on neonatal resuscitation guidance and simulated resuscitation training to scenario-based practices were reported. In simulations to evaluate skill performances Megacode scenario was used in five studies, simulator software in one study, and a standard evaluation form in three studies. Conclusion: In the current studies, despite the improvement in knowledge and skill performance immediately after neonatal resuscitation training, the protection of knowledge and skills in the long term is controversial. For this reason, it may be recommended to conduct refresher trainings for the protection of newborn resuscitation knowledge and skills of health care professionals.

Neurodevelopmental Treatment (Bobath) for Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 679-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia Andréa Zanon ◽  
Rafael Leite Pacheco ◽  
Carolina de Oliveira Cruz Latorraca ◽  
Ana Luiza Cabrera Martimbianco ◽  
Daniela Vianna Pachito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
The Body ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Protocol Registration

Aim: To assess the effects of neurodevelopmental treatment for children with cerebral palsy. Methods: We conducted a systematic review following the recommendations of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and reported in accordance to PRISMA Statement. Through a comprehensive literature search we considered all randomized clinical trials that compared neurodevelopmental treatment with conventional physical therapy for children with cerebral palsy. We used the Cochrane Risk of Bias Table to assess the risk of bias of the included randomized clinical trial, and the GRADE approach to evaluate the certainty of the body of the evidence. Results: We found 3 randomized clinical trials (2 published and 1 ongoing) comprising 66 children. Published randomized clinical trials presented methodological and reporting limitations and only 1 provided data for outcomes of interest. No difference between neurodevelopmental treatment and conventional physical therapy was found for gross motor function (mean difference 1.40; 95% confidence interval –5.47 to 8.27, low certainty evidence). Conclusion: This review found that the effects of neurodevelopmental treatment for children with cerebral palsy are still uncertain. Further studies are required to assess the efficacy and safety of neurodevelopmental treatment for this purpose and until there, current evidence do not support its routinely use in practice. Number of protocol registration in PROSPERO database: CRD42017082817 (available from https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=82817 ).

scholarly journals Effectiveness of powered exoskeleton use on gait in individuals with cerebral palsy: A systematic review

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0252193
Author(s):  
Lucinda Rose Bunge ◽  
Ashleigh Jade Davidson ◽  
Benita Roslyn Helmore ◽  
Aleksandra Daniella Mavrandonis ◽  
Thomas David Page ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Gait Training ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
The Body ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Childhood Disability ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Current Evidence Base

Background Cerebral palsy (CP) is a leading cause of childhood disability. The motor impairments of individuals with CP significantly affect the kinematics of an efficient gait pattern. Robotic therapies have become increasingly popular as an intervention to address this. Powered lower limb exoskeletons (PoLLE) are a novel form of robotic therapy that allow the individual to perform over-ground gait training and yet its effectiveness for CP is unknown. Purpose To determine the effectiveness of PoLLE use on gait in individuals with CP. Method A systematic search of eight electronic databases was conducted in March 2020. Studies included children (0–18 years) and or adults (18+ years) diagnosed with CP who used a PoLLE for gait training. This review was conducted and reported in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, with the methodology registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020177160). A modified version of the McMaster critical review form for quantitative studies was used to assess the methodological quality. Due to the heterogeneity of the included studies, a descriptive synthesis using the National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC) FORM framework was undertaken. Results Of the 2089 studies screened, ten case series and three case studies met the inclusion criteria highlighting the current evidence base is emerging and low level. A range of PoLLEs were investigated with effectiveness measured by using a number of outcome measures. Collectively, the body of evidence indicates there is some consistent positive evidence on the effectiveness of PoLLE in improving gait in individuals with CP, with minimal adverse effects. While this is a positive and encouraging finding for an emerging technology, methodological concerns also need to be acknowledged. Conclusion With rapidly evolving technology, PoLLEs could play a transformative role in the lives of people impacted by CP. Ongoing research is required to further strengthen the evidence base and address current methodological concerns.

scholarly journals COVID-19 in Patients with Solid Organ Transplantation: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Hage ◽  
Carolin Steinack ◽  
Christian Benden ◽  
Macé M. Schuurmans
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Solid Organ Transplantation ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Increased Risk

The novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, is causing a pandemic of unknown precedent, with huge healthcare challenges and worldwide disruptions to economic and social life. Lung transplant recipients and other solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients are immunosuppressed, and therefore are generally considered at an increased risk for severe infections. Given the current gap in knowledge and evidence regarding the best management of these patients, we conducted a systematic review of studies on SARS-CoV-2 infections and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in SOT recipients, to evaluate the association between immunosuppression in these patients, SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 outcomes. The focus was the severity of the disease, the need for mechanical ventilation and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, and rate of death. The literature search was conducted repeatedly between 16 March and 8 April 2020. We searched original papers, observational studies, case reports, and meta-analyses published between 2019 and 2020 using two databases (PubMed, Google Scholar) with the search terms: [transplant OR immunosuppression] AND [COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2]. Further inclusion criteria were publications in English, French, German and Italian, and reference to humans. We also searched the reference lists of the studies encountered. From an initial search of PubMed and Google Scholar, 19 potential articles were retrieved, of which 14 were excluded after full-text screening (not being case reports or case series), leaving 5 studies for inclusion. No further studies were identified from the bibliographies of retrieved articles. Based on the limited research, no firm conclusions can be made concerning SOT recipients, but the current evidence suggests that immunosuppression is most likely associated with a better outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 because it prevents hyperinflammation (cytokine storm) in this particular population. There is a need for further research that would allow results to be adjusted for other factors potentially impacting COVID-19 severity and outcome.

scholarly journals Scoping Review of Dance for Adults With Fibromyalgia: What Do We Know About It? (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Bidonde ◽  
Catherine Boden ◽  
Soo Kim ◽  
Angela J Busch ◽  
Suelen M Goes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Symptom Management ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Body ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Dance Movement

BACKGROUND Fibromyalgia is a chronic disorder characterized by widespread muscular tenderness, pain, fatigue, and cognitive difficulties. Nonpharmacological treatment options, such as physical activity, are important for people with fibromyalgia. There are strong recommendations to support engagement in physical activity for symptom management among adults with fibromyalgia. Dance is a mode of physical activity that may allow individuals with fibromyalgia to improve their physical function, health, and well-being. Dance has the potential to promote improved pain processing while simultaneously providing the health and social benefits of engaging in physical activity that contributes to symptom management and overall function rehabilitation. However, we are unaware of current evidence on dance as a nonpharmacological/physical activity intervention for adults with fibromyalgia. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to understand how dance is used therapeutically by individuals with fibromyalgia; to examine the extent, range and nature of research activity in the area; and to determine the value of undertaking a systematic review of interventions. METHODS We used and adapted the Arksey and O’Malley scoping framework. The search strategy involved a comprehensive search of main health and electronic social databases, trial registries and grey literature without language limits. Pairs of reviewers independently screened and extracted data and evaluated the methodological quality of randomized control trials. RESULTS Twenty-one unique records for 13 studies met inclusion criteria; the studies included mostly middle-aged women. Types of dance included were aerobic dance, belly dance, dance movement therapy, biodanza and Zumba. Intervention parameters were different among studies. Frequency varied between one to three times a week; all were done in small group settings. Studies evaluated a variety of outcomes in the symptoms, wellness, psychosocial, physical functioning, balance and fitness categories; no studies evaluated the safety or adverse events systematically which is a major weakness of the literature. CONCLUSIONS There are few studies in the field of dance and fibromyalgia, suggesting research is in its infancy but slowly growing. They are of European and South American origin, focusing on female participants and a limited number of dance modes. Because the body of literature is small, of low quality and highly heterogeneous, we concluded that a systematic review of interventions on dance is not warranted at this time.

scholarly journals Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: Malnutrition (Undernutrition) Screening Tools for All Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Annalynn Skipper ◽  
Anne Coltman ◽  
Jennifer Tomesko ◽  
Pamela Charney ◽  
Judith Porcari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
The Body ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Nutrition Screening ◽  
Simple Process ◽  
Nutrition And Dietetics ◽  
Robust Evidence

It is the position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics that, based upon current evidence, the Malnutrition Screening Tool should be used to screen adults for malnutrition (undernutrition) regardless of their age, medical history, or setting. Malnutrition (undernutrition) screening is a simple process intended to quickly recognize individuals who may have a malnutrition diagnosis. While numerous malnutrition screening tools are in use, their levels of validity, agreement, reliability, and generalizability vary. The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics reviewed the body of evidence supporting malnutrition screening tools and determined a single tool for identifying adults in all settings who may have malnutrition, regardless of their age or medical history. The Nutrition Screening for Adults Workgroup conducted a systematic review of the most robust evidence to promote using the highest-quality malnutrition screening tool available.

A systematic review of vertical transmission and antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 among infants born to mothers with COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
George M. Bwire* ◽  
Belinda J. Njiro ◽  
Dorkasi L. Mwakawanga ◽  
Deodatus Sabas ◽  
Bruno F. Sunguya
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Passive Immunity ◽  
Preventive Interventions

Abstract Amidst the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, evidence on vertical transmission and natural passive immunity among the newborns exposed to COVID-19 is scanty and varies. This pose a challenge on preventive interventions for the newborns. We conducted a systematic review to first, determine the likelihood of vertical transmission among COVID-19 exposed infants and second, determine whether antibodies against Severe Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)/ COVID-19 virus exist among COVID-19 vertically exposed but negative infants. This review registered in PROSPERO searched evidence from PubMed/ MEDLINE and Google Scholar, among others. About 517 studies were retrieved, where only 33 articles (5.8%) qualified for final analysis. A total of 205 infants born to SARS-CoV-2 positive mothers were pooled from 33 eligible studies. Overall, 6.3% (13/205; 95%CI: 3.0%-9.7%) of the infants tested positive for COVID-19 virus at birth. Of 33 eligible studies, 6 studies (18.8%) reported about IgG/IgM against SARS-CoV-2. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM were detected in 90% (10/11; 95%CI: 73.9%-107.9%) of infants who had no COVID-19 but vertically exposed. In conclusion, the current evidence revealed a low possibility of vertical transmission of COVID-19 while antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were detected in most of the infants who had no COVID-19. Further studies on perinatal outcomes and the magnitude of natural passive immunity in infants born to mothers with COVID-19 are warranted.

VARIATION OF CORTISOL METABOLISM AS A CONTRIBUTING FACTOR TO DISCREPANCIES IN THE MEASUREMENT OF CORTISOL PRODUCTION RATE

1972 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Levell
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Isotope Dilution ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Contributory Factor ◽  
Morning Dose ◽  
Production Rates ◽  
Evening Dose ◽  
Cortisol Metabolism

ABSTRACT Five normal subjects were given [14C] cortisol in the morning and [3H] cortisol in the evening, in both cases by mouth. The excretion of radioactivity in tetrahydrocortisol (THF) and tetrahydrocortisone (THE) was measured by a modified form of reverse isotope dilution. In 2 subjects, the ratio of isotopic THF/isotopic THE was higher after the evening dose than after the morning dose. In 1 subject the ratio decreased. In 2 subjects it did not change. Cortisol production rates calculated from THF were usually higher than those calculated from THE. The observed variations of metabolism were only a contributory factor to these discrepancies.

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