scholarly journals The Gag Reflex: A Hurdle in Dentistry– Literature Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 224-237
Author(s):  
S. Meenakshi ◽  
Shyla Dureja ◽  
G. C. Kavita ◽  
M. Pallavi ◽  
K. N. Raghavendra Swamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Extreme Response ◽  
Therapeutic Procedures ◽  
Gag Reflex ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Treatment Procedures

Gagging reflex poses a hurdle in numerous dental procedures. It causes discomfort for the patient, extended procedure time for the clinician, compromised quality of treatment and along with a lot of physiological discomfort for both. The normal gag reflex is protective in nature, but few individuals elicit extreme response, leading to problems during the treatment procedures. It is extremely important for the clinician to identify the cause and severity of the condition so that it can be decided whether the patient can handle standard treatment techniques or whether alternative methods must be considered. There is no universal solution for successfully managing the gagging patient. Various modalities can be used according to the doctor’s assessment and patient’s conditions in order to control the gag reflex so that the patient can be comfortable and cope with the dental treatment. A wide range of management solutions are available, and many cases need a combination of therapeutic procedures. The main aim of the present article is to comprehensively report the clinical significance, etiology, symptoms and various management approaches used during prosthodontic treatments.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Most Stressful Dental Treatment Procedures of Conservative Dentistry among Polish Dental Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4448
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Mocny-Pachońska ◽  
Rafał J. Doniec ◽  
Sylwia Wójcik ◽  
Szymon Sieciński ◽  
Natalia J. Piaseczna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Treatment ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Stressful Environment ◽  
Caries Treatment ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Conservative Dentistry ◽  
High Level ◽  
Treatment Procedures

Background: Dental schools are considered to be a very stressful environment; the stress levels of dental students are higher than those of the general population. The aim of this study was to assess the level of stress among dental students while performing specific dental procedures. Methods: A survey was conducted among 257 participants. We used an original questionnaire, which consisted of 14 questions assigned to three categories: I—Diagnosis, II—Caries Treatment, and III—Endodontic Treatment. Each participant marked their perceived level of stress during the performed dental treatment procedures. The scale included values of 0–6, where 0 indicates no stress, while 6 indicates high stress. Results: Third- (p=0.006) and fourth-year (p=0.009) women were characterized by a higher level of perceived stress during dental procedures related to caries treatment. Caries treatment procedures were the most stressful for 18.3% of third-year students, 4.3% of fourth-year students, and 3.2% of fifth-year students. Furthermore, 63.4% of third-year students, 47.3% of fourth-year students, and 17.2% of fifth-year students indicated that they felt a high level of stress when performing endodontic procedures. Conclusion: Third- and fourth-year female students are characterized by a higher level of stress during caries and endodontic treatment procedures. The most stressful treatments for participants were endodontic treatment procedures.

Possibility to control anxiety and pain in endodontic dental treatment – review

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-167
Author(s):  
E. Stanulewicz ◽  
E. Dąbrowska ◽  
K. Olszański ◽  
K. Borowski ◽  
K. Rosłan
Keyword(s):  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Treatment Review ◽  
Dental Office ◽  
Unpleasant Feeling ◽  
Anxiety Treatment ◽  
Treatment Procedures ◽  
Irreversible Pulpitis

Modern dentistry aims to limit the unpleasant feeling of pain, associated with dental procedures during treatment in the dental office. There are many ways to reduce pain during dental procedures. Endodontic treatment, necessary in irreversible pulpitis, should be completed during one visit. Removal of the inflamed pulp from cavity and root canals is often accompanied by pain. The study aimed to introduce, based on literature, methods of relieving anxiety and pain accompanying dental treatment procedures, including endodontic treatment, as well as the description of applied measures. According to the modern literature, this research compares methodology and results of the anesthetic and anxiety treatment in the dental office, especially in endodontic treatment.

scholarly journals Biodentine™ – use in dentistry. Literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Barczak ◽  
Mirona Palczewska-Komsa ◽  
Maciej Sikora ◽  
Jadwiga Buczkowska-Radlińska
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Therapeutic Success ◽  
Bioactive Materials ◽  
Regenerative Endodontics ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Wide Range

Introduction: The concept of “regenerative endodontics”, adopted by the American Association of Endodontics in 2007 was, to an appreciable extent, connected with the introduction of bioactive materials such as Biodentine™ to dental treatment. In the field of biomedical therapeutic materials, the concept of tissue engineering is distinguishable with respect to establishing procedures and materials such as Biodentine™ aimed at replacing injured tissues with those newly developed. The use of Biodentine™ has quickly become a widespread practice in dentistry, commonly used in the biological treatment of pulp and root canal treatment.The aim of this article is a literature review on the use of Biodentine™ in dental practice and its specific characteristics, based on the latest scientific knowledge.Materials and methods: Articles published since the launch of the material into the market were sourced and classifiedaccording to the topic they focussed on. A total of 52 papers were chosen, encompassing those directly focusing on Biodentine™, as well as other relevant papers not mentioning Biodentine™, but pertaining to dental materials in general.Conclusion: On the grounds of this analysis of literature on the subject, it can be concluded that bioactive materials such as Biodentine™ have a wide range of application in therapeutic dental procedures. There are numerous studies presenting the advantages of this group of materials. However, the use of Biodentine™ still requires a comprehensive and long-term analysis to unequivocally confirm its therapeutic success following use of this material.Keywords: direct pulp capping; pulpotomy; root perforation; invasive cervical root resorption; bioceramics; apexification; regenerative endodontic procedures.

scholarly journals Clinical Guidelines for Dentistry in China During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Luo ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Maoxue Tang ◽  
Jiaming Peng ◽  
Wenmin Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Oral Health Education ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
Treatment Procedures ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

Preventing the spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become the focus of epidemiologists as the highly infectious respiratory disease spreads primarily by close, person-to-person contact via droplets or the skin. Aerosol dissemination may occur in a closed, high-aerosol environment. The aerosols generated in dental procedures can pollute surrounding air and device surfaces. In this paper, we summarize prevention and control measures relating to dentistry. We focus on the relationship between COVID-19 and dental disease prevention and control in dental treatment procedures and imaging examinations, oral health education and perspectives, and guidance for the practice of dentistry during the COVID-19 pandemic to provide a consistent and broadly endorsed standard for dental hospital and clinics.

scholarly journals GAGGING A REVIEW

2014 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 149-155
Author(s):  
Laxman Singh Kaira ◽  
Esha Dabral ◽  
Harpreet Singh Kukreja
Keyword(s):  
Patient Care ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Behavioral Management ◽  
Strong Potential ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Optimal Patient Care ◽  
Gag Reflex

Abstract:The gag reflex is a complex physiologic phenomenon. The problem compromises the quality of dental treatment and is a barrier to optimal patient care. The function of the reflex is protective in nature. When the reflex is abnormally active, the dentist may be presented with a bewildering and frustrating problem in various dental procedures, resulting in a strong potential for compromised treatment. The technique or techniques used should be dictated by the cause or causes involved. If organic disturbances, anatomic anomalies, or bio mechanical inadequacies of the existing prosthesis are not key causes the services of trained specialists are needed to help with behavioral management of the problem. A review of management of patients follows and includes strategies to assist clinicians.

scholarly journals Gag reflex: A dentist�s perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Sanajay Kumar ◽  
Nirmal Raj A. P. ◽  
Nirmesh Vora ◽  
Saif Faruqi
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Dental Practitioner ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Physiological Phenomenon ◽  
Gag Reflex

The gag reflex, which is protective in nature, occurs commonly during prosthetic or dental treatment. It is a complex physiological phenomenon and many dental practitioners are facing problems with the same. Gag reflex is a frustrating problem in many dental procedures and may result in a compromised treatment. Many management methods have been described till date for the control of gagging, but the technique or techniques used should be dictated by the cause or causes and not merely the symptoms involved. Thus it is very important that every dental practitioner should have thorough knowledge about gagging. The present article reviews the gag reflex, its etiology and management.

Association between Anxiety and Pain in Dental Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.-S. Lin ◽  
S.-Y. Wu ◽  
C.-A. Yi
Keyword(s):  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dental Anxiety ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Anxiety Management ◽  
Dental Patients ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Treatment Procedures ◽  
The Impact

Accumulating evidence has revealed that dental anxiety (DA), as a dispositional factor toward the dental situation, is associated with the state anxiety (SA) and pain related to dental procedures. However, conclusions from individual studies may be limited by the treatment procedures that patients received, the tools used to assess DA, or the treatment stages when anxiety or pain was assessed. It is unclear whether DA, at the study level, accounts for the variance in pretreatment SA. The impact of DA and SA on pain at different treatment stages has not been systematically investigated. To address these questions, we present novel meta-analytical evidence from 35 articles (encompassing 47 clinical groups) that investigated DA in a clinical group. Subgroup analyses revealed that the studies of surgical and nonsurgical procedures did not significantly differ in either DA or pretreatment SA. Furthermore, metaregressions revealed DA as a significant predictor that explained the variance in SA assessed before and during treatment but not after treatment. The findings suggest that patient DA has a significant impact on patient SA. Metaregressions revealed DA as a significant predictor that explained the variance in expected pain, pain during treatment and posttreatment pain. In contrast, pretreatment SA was a significant predictor that explained the variance in expected pain. The findings reveal that DA has a consistent impact on pain through the entire period of dental treatment. Altogether, the findings highlight the role of DA as an overall indicator for anxiety and pain, across different types of dental procedures or treatment stages. We conclude that anxiety should be assessed as a critical step not only in anxiety management for high-DA patients, but also in pain control for all dental patients.

Restorative dental treatment in times of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robson de Lima GOMES ◽  
Marlus da Silva PEDROSA ◽  
Claudio Heliomar Vicente da SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Cross Contamination ◽  
Clinical Protocols ◽  
Know How ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Dental Staff ◽  
Dental Professional ◽  
Restrictive Measures

ABSTRACT Since the outbreak of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), numerous restrictive measures have been adopted by governments of different countries. The return to elective dental care in Brazil is a reality even during the COVID-19 pandemic. During restorative dental procedures, the dental professional requires close contact with the patient, being exposed to contaminated saliva and fluids. In addition, transmission of COVID-19 by the generation of aerosol produced by dental handipieces may be possible. Thus, the dental staff must know how to act during restorative dental procedures, putting into practice the correct clinical protocols to avoid cross-contamination and COVID-19 spread. The purpose of this article is to review the literature on the biosafety practices especially in the context of restorative dental procedures in times of COVID-19.

Classical and modern drug extraction techniques: facts and figures

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharti Umrethia ◽  
Bharat Kalsariya ◽  
Prof. P. U. Vaishnav
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Extraction Techniques ◽  
Modern Drug ◽  
Novel Drugs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
In The Mists ◽  
Heating Pattern

In present era, herbal extract succeeds inimitable place in pharmaceutical science. In view back the earliest extraction techniques are lost in the mists of history. As time went the plants have been processed by grinding, boiling or immersing. The systemic presentation of Ayurvedic extraction system has been first time familiarized by Acharya Charaka as Panchavidha Kashaya Kalpana (five basic primary dosage forms) and based upon these primary dosage forms, secondary dosage forms are developed by using different heating pattern for extraction of pharmacological active ingredients. The administration of these dosage forms is mainly dependent on the Bala (strength) of Vyadhi (disease) and Atura (patient). Due to increased demand of Ayurvedic medicines and industrialization, the transformation of classical dosage forms takes place by implanting a wide range of technologies with different methods of extraction include conventional techniques such as maceration, percolation, infusion, decoction, hot continuous extraction etc. and recently, alternative methods like ultrasound assisted solvent extraction (UASE), microwave assisted solvent extraction (MASE) and supercritical fluid extractions (SFE). The extract obtained by these procedure uses as a large source of therapeutic phyto-chemicals that may lead to the development of novel drugs. Essentially, the purpose behind this changing face in both the extraction systems are different but can say that it is a new insight from ancient essence.

The Future of Plasma-Based Surface Engineering Techniques in Tribology (Keynote)

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Matthews ◽  
Adrian Leyland
Keyword(s):  
Surface Engineering ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Bulk Material ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Ceramic Coatings ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Macro Scale

Over the past twenty years or so, there have been major steps forward both in the understanding of tribological mechanisms and in the development of new coating and treatment techniques to better “engineer” surfaces to achieve reductions in wear and friction. Particularly in the coatings tribology field, improved techniques and theories which enable us to study and understand the mechanisms occurring at the “nano”, “micro” and “macro” scale have allowed considerable progress to be made in (for example) understanding contact mechanisms and the influence of “third bodies” [1–5]. Over the same period, we have seen the emergence of the discipline which we now call “Surface Engineering”, by which, ideally, a bulk material (the ‘substrate’) and a coating are combined in a way that provides a cost-effective performance enhancement of which neither would be capable without the presence of the other. It is probably fair to say that the emergence and recognition of Surface Engineering as a field in its own right has been driven largely by the availability of “plasma”-based coating and treatment processes, which can provide surface properties which were previously unachievable. In particular, plasma-assisted (PA) physical vapour deposition (PVD) techniques, allowing wear-resistant ceramic thin films such as titanium nitride (TiN) to be deposited on a wide range of industrial tooling, gave a step-change in industrial productivity and manufactured product quality, and caught the attention of engineers due to the remarkable cost savings and performance improvements obtained. Subsequently, so-called 2nd- and 3rd-generation ceramic coatings (with multilayered or nanocomposite structures) have recently been developed [6–9], to further extend tool performance — the objective typically being to increase coating hardness further, or extend hardness capabilities to higher temperatures.

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