scholarly journals Adsorption of Crude Oil Spill from Aqueous Solution using Agro-Wastes as Adsorbents

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-52
Author(s):  
Akinsete O. Oluwatoyin ◽  
Araoye A. Olalekan
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Carbon Adsorbents ◽  
Banana Peel ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Order Model ◽  
First Order ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Crude Oil Spill

Ever increasing and growing awareness of oil-spillage to water environment has led to the search for cost-effective unconventional remediating techniques. This study was carried out using agro-wastes (Rice Husks, Banana Peels and Groundnut Husks) adsorbents. They were activated with H3PO4 for crude oil spill removal from aqueous solution; results were analysed using atomic absorption spectroscopy. The raw agro-wastes and their activated forms were characterized by SEM. The sorption study for maximum adsorption capacity were carried out at different adsorbent concentrations, adsorbent dosage, contact time, pH and rotational speed. The experimental results were analysed using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models. The maximum average adsorption capacity (qe) for raw and activated carbon adsorbents were observed in rice husks with 0.2750 and 0.3698 mg/g respectively. The Langmuir isotherm was found to well represent the measured sorption data for the raw and activated banana peel while the remaining raw and activated adsorbents followed the Temkin isotherm. The batch adsorption data on the effect of contact time were fitted into the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second order models. The banana peel data and its activated form were best described by the pseudo-second-order model indicating chemisorption process while the remaining adsorbents followed the pseudo-first-order model indicating physisorption process. The average removal efficiency of oil by the various adsorbents used increase in the order: (Raw: Banana Peels (50.4 %) < Groundnut Husks (56.8 %) < Rice Husks (74.4 %); Activated Carbon: Banana Peels (61.4 %) < Groundnut Husks (65.6 %) < Rice Husks (82.8 %)). Results of this study (high values of R2 and least values AARE and RMSE) revealed and confirmed that activated carbon adsorbents have better adsorption capacity than the raw forms to clean-up oil spills in aqueous solution.

scholarly journals FLY ASH MAGNETIC ADSORBENT FOR CADMIUM ION REMOVAL FROM AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 185 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
Gabriela BUEMA ◽  
Nicoleta LUPU ◽  
Horia CHIRIAC ◽  
Dumitru Daniel HEREA ◽  
Lidia FAVIER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Cadmium Ion ◽  
Cadmium Ions ◽  
Ion Removal ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Second Order Model

The fly ash generated from a Romanian power plant was used as a starting material in this study. The aim of the study was to obtain a low cost material based on the treatment of fly ash with Fe3O4 for utilization as an adsorbent for cadmium ion removal. The adsorbent that was synthesized was characterized using different techniques. The adsorption process was investigated by the batch technique at room temperature. The quantity of cadmium ion adsorbed was measured spectrophotometrically. The experimental data showed that the material can remove cadmium ions at all three working concentrations. The adsorption capacity increased with an increase in concentration, respectively contact time. The results were analyzed through two kinetic models: pseudo first order and pseudo second order. The kinetics results of cadmium adsorption onto a magnetic material are in good agreement with a pseudo second order model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 4.03 mg/g, 6.73 mg/g, and 9.65 mg/g. Additionally, the pseudo second order model was linearized into its four types. The results indicated that the material obtained show the ability to remove cadmium ions from an aqueous solution.

Ultrasound and microwave-assisted preparation of Fe-activated carbon as an effective low-cost adsorbent for dyes wastewater treatment

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (82) ◽  
pp. 78936-78946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Cheng ◽  
Libo Zhang ◽  
Hongying Xia ◽  
Jinhui Peng ◽  
Jianhua Shu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Mb Adsorption

A and B are Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order model. We conclude that MB adsorption capacity of Fe-activated carbon is bigger than raw activated carbon, indicating that Fe-activated carbon has better MB removal efficiency.

scholarly journals Removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution using cocoa (Theobroma cacao) nib-based activated carbon treated with hydrochloric acid

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Sukri Hassan ◽  
Khairul Adli Nikman ◽  
Fisal Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Experimental Isotherm ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Adsorptive Properties

Chemical activation process was applied to prepare a cocoa nib-based activated carbon using potassium carbonate (K2CO3). The performance of the activated carbon in removing Methylene Blue from aqueous solution was investigated by batch adsorption studies. The adsorptive properties were studied in terms of initial concentration (C0: 100-300 mg/L) and contact time effects. The experimental isotherm data fitted well the Langmuir and Temkin models. The adsorption kinetic followed the pseudo-second-order model and Boyd model explained the mechanism of adsorption. The results indicate that the chemically produced activated cocoa nib carbon has significant potential to be used as an adsorbent material for adsorption of Methylene Blue from aqueous solution.

Characterizing o- and p-nitrophenols adsorption onto innovative activated carbon prepared from date pits

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossam Altaher ◽  
Andrea M. Dietrich
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Surface Functional Groups ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Date Pits

The production and performance of activated carbon prepared from date pits was investigated. Date pits are an abundant local waste product in many countries; converting them to a commercial product would increase the sustainability of this fruit crop. The date pit activated carbon was shown to have similar characteristics of pore size and surface functional groups as other commercial carbons. Batch experiments were conducted with o- and p-nitrophenol to evaluate the performance of this carbon. Results were analyzed according to Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorption isotherms. The adsorption capacity of o-nitrophenol was 142.9 mg/g while that of p-nitrophenol was 108.7 mg/g. The adsorption process was physical in nature. The position of the −NO2 group in the benzene ring has a considerable effect on the adsorption capacity and rate of uptake. The kinetic results showed that a pseudo second-order model appropriately describes the experimental data. The analysis of kinetic data revealed that the mechanism of adsorption is complex with both liquid film diffusion and intraparticle diffusion contributing to adsorption of both adsorbates.

scholarly journals Activated Carbon for Dyes Removal: Modeling and Understanding the Adsorption Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. El maguana ◽  
N. Elhadiri ◽  
M. Benchanaa ◽  
R. Chikri
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Methyl Orange ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Prickly Pear ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Seed Cake ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Dyes Removal

Batch adsorption experiments have been conducted to investigate the removal of methyl orange from aqueous solution by an activated carbon prepared from prickly pear seed cake by phosphoric acid activation. The adsorption process has been described by using kinetic and isotherm models. The kinetic of adsorption was examined by pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intraparticle diffusion models. Adsorption isotherm was modeled using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherms. The adsorption process of methyl orange was well explained by the pseudo-second-order model and Freundlich isotherm. Also, pseudo-n-order model has been applied to estimate the order of adsorption kinetic and it was found equal to 2 which confirm the good accuracy of the pseudo-second order. Moreover, Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm reveals that the adsorption of methyl orange onto activated carbon was a physisorption process in nature. The adsorption capacity of activated carbon was found to be 336.12 mg/g at temperature 20°C and pH∼7. These results demonstrated that the prickly pear seed cake is a suitable precursor for the preparation of appropriate activated carbon for dyes removal from aqueous solution.

scholarly journals The Kinetics of the Adsorption Process of Cr (VI) in Aqueous Solution Using Neem Seed Husk (Azadirachta indica) Activated Carbon

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
A. A. Danmallam ◽  
W. L. Dabature ◽  
N. Y. Pindiga ◽  
B. Magaji ◽  
M. A. Aboki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
First Order ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Seed Husk ◽  
Pseudo First Order ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

The aim of this research is the study of physico-chemical properties activated carbon prepared from agricultural by product such as Neem Seed Husk (NSH) which is abundantly available in our environment The Activated Carbon (AC) was prepared using H3PO4 as activating agent and carbonized at 300°C for two hours. The results shows that the activated process was successful and can compete favorably with commercial activated carbon. The prepared activated carbon was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersion X-ray (EDX) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The percentage removal of Cr(VI) increased with increase in process parameters such as adsorbent dose, time and temperature while there was a decrease with increase in pH and Initial concentration. It was established from the results that activated carbon produced from Neem seed husk has adsorption capacity which could remove 99.75% Cr (VI) at optimum process conditions (pH-2.0, Cr(VI) concentration-10 mg/L, adsorbent dose 0.5 g/L, Temperature 70 c and contact time 30 mins.). Thus, the adsorption method using activated carbon produced from biomass was used effectively for removing Cr(VI) in a stock solution, seems to be an economical and worthwhile alternative over other conventional methods, because of it availability, low price and multi-purposes. The adsorption data fitted well into Freundlich and Langmuir with correlation coefficient (R2) 0.9522 and 0.9403 respectively. The kinetics of the adsorption process was tested through pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model provided the best correlation for with (R2) 0.993, while the pseudo-first-order was found to be 0.928. The study provided an effective use of low-cost activated carbon as a valuable source of adsorbents for the removal of Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solution.

scholarly journals Studi Kinetika Adsorpsi Metil Biru Menggunakan Karbon Aktif Limbah Kulit Pisang

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Yuni Kurniati ◽  
Okky Putri Prastuti ◽  
Eka Lutfi Septiani
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Banana Peel ◽  
First Order ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Pseudo First Order ◽  
Scanning Electron

Indonesia adalah negara berkembang dengan ribuan perusahaan di sektor industri yang menghasilkan limbah. Pisang adalah produk umum yang paling dikenal di masyarakat. Bagian pisang seperti kulitnya belum digunakan secara optimal namun dapat dikembangkan menjadi karbon aktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan memanfaatkan limbah kulit pisang sebagai adsorben untuk menghilangkan limbah pewarna metil biru pada industri tekstil. Pada umumnya limbah industri tekstil saat ini banyak mengandung pewarna. Adsorben yang digunakan untuk mengurangi kadar pewarna dalam limbah perlu dikembangkan. Kapasitas adsorpsi limbah kulit pisang dalam penelitian diamati, termasuk jumlah adsorben yang harus ditentukan dan konsentrasi limbah untuk menghilangkan pewarna tekstil. Sebelum digunakan sebagai adsorben, karbon aktif  limbah kulit pisang harus diaktivasi menggunakan 0,1 N dan 0,5 N larutan NaOH. Larutan metil biru dibuat dalam berbagai konsentrasi untuk menentukan kurva kalibrasi standar menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Karakterisasi yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) untuk mengetahui morfologi partikel karbon aktif. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa karbon aktif limbah kulit pisang akan menjadi alternatif untuk menghilangkan metil biru dengan proses adsorpsi dengan memiliki daya adsorbsi rata-rata sebesar 14,12 %.  Kinetika adsorpsi dari penelitian ini menggunakan model pseudo orde satu yaitu persamaan Lagergren dan pseudo-orde ke dua yang dikembangkan oleh Ho dan McKay yang menghasilkan konstanta adsorpsi k1 dari pseudo-ordesatu dalam larutan limbah tekstil dengan perbandingan konsentrasi antara limbah tekstil dengan aquades sebesar 3 : 7  (v/v) dengan aktivasi larutan 0,1 dan 0,5 N larutan NaOH adalah 0,0066 dan 0,0033 min-1 sedangkan untuk model hasil pseudo-orde ke dua k2 dengan aktivasi larutan 0,1 dan 0,5 N larutan NaOH adalah 1,8172 dan 1,2539 min-1.Indonesia is a developing country that has thousands of companies in the industrial sector that generally produce waste. Banana is the general product that mostly known in society. The other part of banana only as a waste product, such as banana peel that have not used optimally yet meanwhile it can be developed to be activated carbon. This research aims to use banana peels as an adsorbent for removing methylene blue.  In general, textile industry waste currently contains many dyes. Adsorbents used to reduce dye levels in waste need to be developed. The adsorption capacity of banana peel adsorption is observed, including the dose of adsorbent that must be applied and the concentration of waste for removal of textile dyes. Before being used as an adosorbent, the activated carbon of banana peel must be activated by using 0.1 N and 0.5 NaOH solution. Methyl blue solutions were made in various concentrations to determine standard calibration curves using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The characterization was used to support this study such as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis to find out the morphology of activated carbon particles. The result indicate that the banana peel activated carbon would be an alternative for the removal of methylene blue by adsorption process with  adsorption capacity as 14.12%. The adsorption kinetics of this study used model of pseudo-first order by Lagergren equation and pseudo-second order developed by Ho and Mc. Kay that result adsorption constant k1 of pseudo-first order in 3:7  (v/v) textile waste and aquadest by activation in 0.1 and 0.5 NaOH solution were 0.0066 dan 0,0033 min-1, while the model of pseudo-second order results k2 by activation in 0.1 and 0.5 NaOH solution were 1.8172 dan 1.2539 min-1.

scholarly journals Removal of lead from aqueous solutions and wastewaters using water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) roots

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah Monowara Jahangiri ◽  
Hasina Tasmin Moutushi ◽  
Md. Moniruzzaman ◽  
Sirajul Hoque ◽  
Mohammad Enayet Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Realistic Situation ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Second Order Model

Abstract Dried ground roots of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) were used for removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted with the dried roots (0.1 g dry weight) using 100 mg/L of Pb(II) aqueous solution adjusted at pH 5.0. Equilibrium was obtained in 90 min with a 92% removal of Pb(II). The effect of contact time, pH, adsorbent dosage, initial metal ion concentration on the adsorption of Pb(II) were also studied. Kinetic studies indicated that the adsorption of Pb(II) followed the pseudo-second-order model with a reaction rate constant (k) of 0.0127 mg/(g.min). Kinetics data conforming to the pseudo-second-order model suggest that chemisorption was the rate-limiting step in the adsorption process. The adsorption data were found to fit best into the Langmuir model (R2 = 0.986). The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be ∼50 mg Pb(II) per g of dried roots. To investigate the feasibility of using the water hyacinth roots in a more realistic situation, wastewaters collected from various sources were also tested with the biosorbent. Significant removal of Pb(II) (∼88% to ∼100%) was observed from the wastewaters at pH 5.0. High adsorption capacity, rapid kinetics, and its low cost make water hyacinth dried roots a good candidate for the removal of Pb(II) from wastewaters.

scholarly journals Calcium alginate/activated carbon/humic acid tri-system porous fibers for removing tetracycline from aqueous solution

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Qinye Sun ◽  
Heng Zheng ◽  
Yanhui Li ◽  
Meixiu Li ◽  
Qiuju Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Calcium Alginate ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Porous Fibers ◽  
Second Order Model

AbstractIn this study, activated carbon and humic acid powder were fixed by the cross-linking reaction of sodium alginate. Calcium alginate/activated carbon/humic acid (CAH) tri-system porous fibers were prepared by the wet spinning method and freeze-dried for the removal of tetracycline in aqueous solution. Subsequently, the morphology and structure of CAH fibers were measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method. The effect of pH, contact time, temperature and other factors on adsorption behavior were analyzed. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were used to fit tetracycline adsorption equilibrium data. The dynamics data were evaluated by the pseudo-second-order model, the pseudo-second-order model and the intraparticle diffusion model. Thermodynamic study confirmed that the adsorption of tetracycline on CAH fibers was a spontaneous process.

scholarly journals RGO/CNF/PANI AS AN EFFECTIVE ADSORBENT FOR THE ADSORPTION OF URANIUM FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (1A) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Nguyen Quang Dat
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Uranium Concentration ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
High Adsorption ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Pani Composite ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

In this paper, we present a recent study in the adsorption of uranium from an aquatic environment by reduced graphene oxide - Cu0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 ferrite – polyaniline (RGO/CNF/PANI) composite. Uranium concentration was carried out by batch techniques. The effect of pH, contact time, concentration of equilibrium state and reusability on uranium adsorption capacity have been studied. The adsorption process was accomplished within 240 min and could be well described by the pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption isotherm agrees well with the Langmuir model, having a maximum adsorption capacity of 2000 mg/g, at pH = 5 and 25 oC. The RGO/CNF/PANI materials could be a promising absorbent for removing U (VI) in aqueous solution because of their high adsorption capacity and convenient magnetic separation. 

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